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Molecular Imaging and Biology
Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology 5/2016

01-10-2016 | Research Article

Improvements in PET Image Quality in Time of Flight (TOF) Simultaneous PET/MRI

Authors: Ryogo Minamimoto, Craig Levin, Mehran Jamali, Dawn Holley, Amir Barkhodari, Greg Zaharchuk, Andrei Iagaru

Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology | Issue 5/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

An integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with time of flight (TOF) technology is now available for clinical use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of TOF PET in PET/MRI to reduce artifacts in PET images when compared to non-TOF PET/MRI, TOF PET/X-ray computed tomography (CT), and non-TOF PET/CT.

Procedures

All patients underwent a single 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) injection, followed first by PET/CT, and subsequently by PET/MRI. PET/CT exams were requested as standard-of-care for oncological indications. Using the PET acquisitions datasets, 4 series of images (TOF PET/CT, non-TOF PET/CT, TOF PET/MRI, and non-TOF PET/MRI) were reconstructed. These image series were visually evaluated for: (1) dental metal artifacts, (2) breathing artifacts, and (3) pelvic artifacts due to scatter correction errors from high bladder [18F]FDG concentration. PET image quality was assessed by a 3-point scale (1—clinically significant artifact, 2—non clinically significant artifact, and 3—no artifact).

Results

Twenty-five patients (mean ± SD age: 56 ± 13 years old; female: 10, male: 15) were enrolled. TOF PET/MRI, non-TOF PET/MRI, TOF PET/CT, and non-TOF PET/CT scores 2.8, 2.5, 2.4, and 2.3, respectively for the presence of dental artifacts, 2.8, 2.5, 2.2, and 1.9, respectively, for the presence of breathing artifacts, and 2.7, 1.7, 2.0, and 1.3, respectively, for the presence of pelvic artifacts TOF PET/MRI images showed the highest image quality scores among the 4 datasets of PET images.

Conclusion

The superior timing resolution and resulting TOF capability of the new PET/MRI scanner improved PET image quality in this cohort by reducing artifacts compared to non-TOF PET/MRI, TOF PET/CT, and non-TOF PET/CT.
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Metadata
Title
Improvements in PET Image Quality in Time of Flight (TOF) Simultaneous PET/MRI
Authors
Ryogo Minamimoto
Craig Levin
Mehran Jamali
Dawn Holley
Amir Barkhodari
Greg Zaharchuk
Andrei Iagaru
Publication date
01-10-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Molecular Imaging and Biology / Issue 5/2016
Print ISSN: 1536-1632
Electronic ISSN: 1860-2002
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-016-0939-8

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