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01-05-2020 | Depression in Older People

Effects of an exercise program linked to primary care on depression in elderly: fitness as mediator of the improvement

Authors: Miguel A. Perez-Sousa, Pedro R. Olivares, Jose L. Gonzalez-Guerrero, Narcis Gusi

Published in: Quality of Life Research | Issue 5/2020

Abstract

Purpose

The present study aimed to analyse the effects of 12 months of participation in a public physical activity program linked to primary care on depression level and fitness, and to determine which fitness components were responsible for the improvement in depression using mediation analysis.

Methods

Participants of this program were 2768 middle-aged and older adults from 67 municipalities throughout the Spanish region of Extremadura. In the analysis only participants with depression and without any missing values for fitness variables were included. This sample was 303 for exercise group and 74 for control group. Socio-demographic data, Geriatric Depression Scale and some fitness tests were applied at baseline and 1 year later. Exercise group performed the program 3 days/week for 50–60 min per session involving brisk walking with intermittent flexibility, strength and balance activities/exercises. Socializing within the group was encouraged in all sessions. Data analysis included analysis of covariance, chi-squared and effect size statistics. Additionally, a parallel model of mediation analysis was performed to determine the indirect effect of the participation in the exercise program on depression through improvements in fitness.

Results

A considerable reduction from mild, moderate or severe depression to non-depression were obtained for exercise group (68%) P-value < .05. The parallel mediation analysis showed that flexibility (sit-and-reach [β − 0.04 (− 0.07 to − 0.01)], back scratch [β − 0.06 (− 0.12 to − 0.02)]) and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-min walk [β − 0.09 (− 0.15 to − 0.04)]) were mediators of the reduction in depression.

Conclusion

This exercise program was effective in improving depression in older adults. Integrating aerobic and flexibility exercises in a group-based program of physical activity programs could improve the severity of depression in this population.

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Title: Effects of an exercise program linked to primary care on depression in elderly: fitness as mediator of the improvement
Authors: Miguel A. Perez-Sousa
Pedro R. Olivares
Jose L. Gonzalez-Guerrero
Narcis Gusi
Publication date: 01-05-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Depression in Older People
Affective Disorder
Care
Affective Disorder
Published in: Quality of Life Research / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02406-3

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Effects of an exercise program linked to primary care on depression in elderly: fitness as mediator of the improvement

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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