Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Prevention Science
Published in: Prevention Science 6/2020

01-08-2020

Adolescent Cannabis Use and Perceived Social Norm Trends Pre- and Post-Implementation of Washington State’s Liberalized Recreational Cannabis Policy: Healthy Youth Survey, 2008–2018

Author: Andrea L. Stone

Published in: Prevention Science | Issue 6/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

This study examined trends in adolescent perceptions of social norms pertaining to adolescent cannabis use, in relation to past 30-day adolescent cannabis use, and was interpreted in light of Washington State’s liberalized recreational cannabis policy (LRCP: 2012). Data come from Washington’s Healthy Youth Survey (HYS), collected during even-numbered years between 2008 and 2018, with methods-stabilized surveys of school-attending youths in grades 8, 10, and 12. This study used an aggregate state census sample of n = 325,723. Year-specific social norms and cannabis use proportions were estimated, stratified by grade. Regression analyses assessed associations between social norms and recent cannabis use. The proportion of recent adolescent cannabis use during the initial years post-LRCP in Washington State remained relatively stable or trended downward slightly; however, 2018 data may indicate a slight upward trend for 10th and 8th graders. Cannabis use by a close friend consistently paralleled adolescent cannabis use trends. The proportion of youth reporting parental acceptance of, and overall community acceptance of, adolescent cannabis use trended slightly upward in 2014 (post-LRCP implementation) but, since, has remained stable or declined slightly. Adolescent self-acceptance of youth cannabis use increased steadily for high school students between 2008 and 2014, edged downward in 2016, and then trended back upward for 8th and 10th graders in 2018. Perceived parental acceptance remained statistically associated with adolescent cannabis use across grades and years, with the strength of associations edging up. Ongoing monitoring of substance use and related risk factor trends will be needed to understand the impacts of LRCPs.
Literature
Brooks-Russell, A., Ma, M., Levinson, A. H., Kattari, L., Kirchner, T., Anderson Goodell, E. M., & Johnson, R. M. (2019). Adolescent marijuana use, marijuana-related perceptions, and use of other substances before and after initiation of retail marijuana sales in Colorado (2013–2015). Prevention Science, 20, 185–193.CrossRefPubMed
Cerdá, M., Wall, M., Feng, T., Keyes, K. M., Sarvet, A., Schulenberg, J., O'Malley, P. M., Liccardo Pacula, R., Galea, S., & Hasin, D. S. (2017). Association of state recreational marijuana laws with adolescent marijuana use. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Pediatrics, 171, 142–149.
Cialdini, R. B., Kallgren, C. A., & Reno, R. R. (1991). A focus theory of normative conduct: A theoretical refinement and reevaluation of the role of norms in human behavior. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 201–234.
Dirisu, O., Shickle, D., & Elsey, H. (2016). Influence of legal status on the uptake of cannabis in young people. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 29, 231–235.CrossRefPubMed
Fleming, C. B., Guttmannova, K., Cambron, C., Rhew, I. C., & Oesterle, S. (2016). Examination of the divergence in trends for adolescent marijuana use and marijuana-specific risk factors in Washington State. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59, 269–275.CrossRefPubMed
Guttmannova, K., Lee, C. M., Kilmer, J. R., Fleming, C. B., Rhew, I. C., Kosterman, R., & Larimer, M. E. (2016). Impacts of changing marijuana policies on alcohol use in the United States. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 40, 33–46.CrossRef
Guttmannova, K., Acheampong Jones, A., Johnson, J. K., Oesterle, S., Johnson, R. M., & Martins, S. S. (2019a). Using existing data to advance knowledge about adolescent and emerging adult marijuana use in the context of changes in marijuana policies. Prevention Science, 20, 291–299.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Guttmannova, K., Skinner, M. L., Oesterle, S., White, H. R., Catalano, R. F., & Hawkins, J. D. (2019b). The interplay between marijuana-specific risk factors and marijuana use over the course of adolescence. Prevention Science, 20, 235–245.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Hall, W., & Degenhardt, L. (2009). Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use. Lancet, 374, 1383–1391.CrossRefPubMed
Hall, W., & Lynskey, M. (2016a). Evaluating the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use in the United States. Addiction, 111, 1764–1773.CrossRefPubMed
Hall, W., & Lynskey, M. (2016b). Why it is probably too soon to assess the public health effects of legalisation of recreational cannabis use in the USA. Lancet Psychiatry, 3, 900–906.CrossRefPubMed
Hall, W., & Weier, M. (2015). Assessing the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use in the USA. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 97, 607–615.CrossRef
Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y. (1992). Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 64–105.CrossRefPubMed
Johnston, L. D., Miech, R. A., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., Schulenberg, J. E., & Patrick, M. E. (2019). Monitoring the future national survey results on drug use 1975–2018: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.CrossRef
Keyes, K. M., Wall, M., Cerdá, M., Schulenberg, J., O'Malley, P. M., Galea, S., Feng, T., & Hasin, D. S. (2016). How does state marijuana policy affect US youth? Medical marijuana laws, marijuana use and perceived harmfulness: 1991-2014. Addiction, 111, 2187–2195.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Mason, W. A., Hanson, K., Fleming, C. B., Ringle, J. L., & Haggerty, K. P. (2015). Washington State recreational marijuana legalization: Parent and adolescent perceptions, knowledge, and discussion in a sample of low-income families. Substance Use and Misuse, 50, 541–545.CrossRefPubMed
Mauro, C. M., Newswanger, P., Santaella-Tenorio, J., Mauro, P. M., Carliner, H., & Martins, S. S. (2017). Impact of medical marijuana laws on state-level marijuana use by age and gender, 2004–2013. Prevention Science, 20, 205–214.CrossRef
Merianos, A. L., Rosen, B. L., Montgomery, L., Barry, A. E., & Lee Smith, M. (2017). Impact of perceived risk and friend influence on alcohol and marijuana use among students. The Journal of School Nursing, 33, 446–455.CrossRefPubMed
Miech, R. A., Johnston, L., O'Malley, P. M., & Bachman, J. G. (2015). Trends in use of marijuana and attitudes toward marijuana among youth before and after decriminalization: The case of California 2007-2013. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26, 336–344.CrossRefPubMed
Napper, L. E., Kenney, S. R., Hummer, J. F., Fiorot, S., & LaBrie, J. W. (2016). Longitudinal relationships among perceived injunctive and descriptive norms and marijuana use. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 77, 457–463.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Neighbors, C., Geisner, I. M., & Lee, C. M. (2008). Perceived marijuana norms and social expectancies among entering college student marijuana users. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 22, 433–438.CrossRefPubMed
Sarvet, A. L., Wall, M. M., Keyes, K. M., Cerdá, M., Schulenberg, J. E., et al. (2018). Recent rapid decrease in adolescents’ perception that marijuana is harmful, but no concurrent increase in use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 186, 68–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Schuermeyer, J., Solomonsen-Sutel, S., Kato Price, R., Balan, S., Thurstone, C., Min, S.-J., & Sakai, J. T. (2014). Temporal trends in marijuana attitudes, availability and use in Colorado compared to non-medical marijuana states: 2003-11. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 140, 145–155.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
StataCorp. (2017). Stata statistical software: Release 15. College Station: StataCorp LP.
Stolzenberg, L., D’Alassio, S. J., & Dariano, D. (2016). The effect of medical cannabis laws on juvenile cannabis use. International Journal of Drug Policy, 27, 82–88.
Wall, M. M., Poh, E., Cerdá, M., Keyes, K. M., Galea, S., & Hasin, D. S. (2011). Adolescent marijuana use from 2002 to 2008: Higher in states with medical marijuana laws, cause still unclear. Annals of Epidemiology, 21, 714–716.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Wall, M. W., Mauro, C., Hasin, D. S., Keyes, K. M., Cerdá, M., Martins, S. S., & Feng, T. (2016). Prevalence of marijuana use does not differentially increase among youth after states pass medical marijuana laws: Commentary on Stolzenberg et al. (2015) and reanalysis of US National Survey on drug use in households data 2002-2011. International Journal of Drug Policy, 29, 9–13.CrossRefPubMed
Williams, R. (2018). Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Dependent Variables. The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata, 6(1):58–82
Metadata
Title
Adolescent Cannabis Use and Perceived Social Norm Trends Pre- and Post-Implementation of Washington State’s Liberalized Recreational Cannabis Policy: Healthy Youth Survey, 2008–2018
Author
Andrea L. Stone
Publication date
01-08-2020
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Prevention Science / Issue 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1389-4986
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6695
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-020-01136-0

Other articles of this Issue 6/2020

Prevention Science 6/2020 Go to the issue

OriginalPaper

The Role of Future Orientation and Self-determination on American Indian Adolescents’ Intentions to Use Alcohol and Marijuana

OriginalPaper

Bystander Intervention as a Prevention Strategy for Campus Sexual Violence: Perceptions of Historically Minoritized College Students

OriginalPaper

The User-Program Interaction: How Teacher Experience Shapes the Relationship Between Intervention Packaging and Fidelity to a State-Adopted Health Curriculum

OriginalPaper

Finite Mixture Models with Student t Distributions: an Applied Example

OriginalPaper

Developmental Differences in the Association of Peer Relationships with Traumatic Stress Symptoms

OriginalPaper

Sustaining an Evidence-Based Program Over Time: Moderators of Sustainability and the Role of the Getting to Outcomes® Implementation Support Intervention