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01-04-2018 | Original Article

Prenatal methamphetamine exposure is associated with corticostriatal white matter changes in neonates

Authors: Fleur L. Warton, Paul A. Taylor, Christopher M. R. Warton, Christopher D. Molteno, Pia Wintermark, Nadine M. Lindinger, Lilla Zöllei, Andre van der Kouwe, Joseph L. Jacobson, Sandra W. Jacobson, Ernesta M. Meintjes

Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Issue 2/2018

Abstract

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown that prenatal exposure to methamphetamine is associated with alterations in white matter microstructure, but to date no tractography studies have been performed in neonates. The striato-thalamo-orbitofrontal circuit and its associated limbic-striatal areas, the primary circuit responsible for reinforcement, has been postulated to be dysfunctional in drug addiction. This study investigated potential white matter changes in the striatal-orbitofrontal circuit in neonates with prenatal methamphetamine exposure. Mothers were recruited antenatally and interviewed regarding methamphetamine use during pregnancy, and DTI sequences were acquired in the first postnatal month. Target regions of interest were manually delineated, white matter bundles connecting pairs of targets were determined using probabilistic tractography in AFNI-FATCAT, and fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusion measures were determined in white matter connections. Regression analysis showed that increasing methamphetamine exposure was associated with reduced FA in several connections between the striatum and midbrain, orbitofrontal cortex, and associated limbic structures, following adjustment for potential confounding variables. Our results are consistent with previous findings in older children and extend them to show that these changes are already evident in neonates. The observed alterations are likely to play a role in the deficits in attention and inhibitory control frequently seen in children with prenatal methamphetamine exposure.

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Title: Prenatal methamphetamine exposure is associated with corticostriatal white matter changes in neonates
Authors: Fleur L. Warton
Paul A. Taylor
Christopher M. R. Warton
Christopher D. Molteno
Pia Wintermark
Nadine M. Lindinger
Lilla Zöllei
Andre van der Kouwe
Joseph L. Jacobson
Sandra W. Jacobson
Ernesta M. Meintjes
Publication date: 01-04-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease / Issue 2/2018
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0135-9

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Prenatal methamphetamine exposure is associated with corticostriatal white matter changes in neonates

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