Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 4/2018

01-08-2018 | Original Paper

Healthy Living Behaviors Among Chinese–American Preschool-Aged Children: Results of a Parent Survey

Authors: Virginia Rall Chomitz, Alison Brown, Victoria Lee, Aviva Must, Kenneth Kwan Ho Chui

Published in: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health | Issue 4/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Associations between diet, physical activity, parenting, and acculturation among Chinese-American children are understudied. Parents/caregivers of children attending child-care programs in Boston Chinatown completed a self-administered survey on demographics, child’s diet, physical activities, anthropometrics, and parenting practices. Associations were evaluated in multivariable regression analysis, stratified by survey language preference, a proxy for acculturation. Responding Asian families = 132; 86.4% were immigrants; 75.8% completed the Chinese-version survey. Children (mean ± SD: 4.9 ± 1.1 years) did not eat vegetables (31.8%), or play actively outside (45.4%) daily, 64.8% watched television/screens daily; 32.6% were overweight/obese (based on parent report). Parenting practices associated with obesity were apparent. Although healthy-living behavioral outcomes were less prevalent among less acculturated parents; multivariable adjustment attenuated the observed significant differences. Findings suggest opportunities for improvement in study children’s diet and healthy-living behaviors, and underscore the need for further research on acculturation, and parenting styles in this population.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Hoeffel EM, Rastogi S, Kim MO, Hasan S. The Asian population: 2010. Washington, D.C.: US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau; 2012. Hoeffel EM, Rastogi S, Kim MO, Hasan S. The Asian population: 2010. Washington, D.C.: US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau; 2012.
3.
go back to reference Schiller JS, Lucas JW, Ward BW, Peregoy JA. Summary health statistics for US Adults: National health interview survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat 10. 2012; 252:1–207. Schiller JS, Lucas JW, Ward BW, Peregoy JA. Summary health statistics for US Adults: National health interview survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat 10. 2012; 252:1–207.
5.
go back to reference Jain A, Mitchell S, Chirumamilla R, et al. Prevalence of obesity among young Asian–American children. Child Obes. 2012;8(6):518–25.CrossRefPubMed Jain A, Mitchell S, Chirumamilla R, et al. Prevalence of obesity among young Asian–American children. Child Obes. 2012;8(6):518–25.CrossRefPubMed
6.
7.
go back to reference Deurenberg P, Deurenberg-Yap M, Guricci S. Asians are different from Caucasians and from each other in their body mass index/body fat per cent relationship. Obes Rev. 2002;3(3):141–6.CrossRefPubMed Deurenberg P, Deurenberg-Yap M, Guricci S. Asians are different from Caucasians and from each other in their body mass index/body fat per cent relationship. Obes Rev. 2002;3(3):141–6.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999; 23:S2–S11.CrossRefPubMed Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999; 23:S2–S11.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Freedman DS, Khan LK, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relationship of childhood obesity to coronary heart disease risk factors in adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 2001;108(3):712–8.CrossRefPubMed Freedman DS, Khan LK, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relationship of childhood obesity to coronary heart disease risk factors in adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 2001;108(3):712–8.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Authority BR. Population Changes in Boston’s Asian and Hispanic Ethnic Groups: 1990–2000. 2001. Authority BR. Population Changes in Boston’s Asian and Hispanic Ethnic Groups: 1990–2000. 2001.
12.
go back to reference Studies IfAA. 10 Cities and Towns with Largest Population of Asian Americans by Subgroup in Massachusetts. Studies IfAA. 10 Cities and Towns with Largest Population of Asian Americans by Subgroup in Massachusetts.
14.
go back to reference Dattilo AM, Birch L, Krebs NF, Lake A, Taveras EM, Saavedra JM. Need for early interventions in the prevention of pediatric overweight: a review and upcoming directions. J Obes. 2012; 2012. Dattilo AM, Birch L, Krebs NF, Lake A, Taveras EM, Saavedra JM. Need for early interventions in the prevention of pediatric overweight: a review and upcoming directions. J Obes. 2012; 2012.
15.
go back to reference Wang YC, Orleans CT, Gortmaker SL. Reaching the healthy people goals for reducing childhood obesity: closing the energy gap. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42(5):437–44.CrossRefPubMed Wang YC, Orleans CT, Gortmaker SL. Reaching the healthy people goals for reducing childhood obesity: closing the energy gap. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42(5):437–44.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Schwartz C, Scholtens PA, Lalanne A, Weenen H, Nicklaus S. Development of healthy eating habits early in life. Review of recent evidence and selected guidelines. Appetite. 2011;57(3):796–807.CrossRefPubMed Schwartz C, Scholtens PA, Lalanne A, Weenen H, Nicklaus S. Development of healthy eating habits early in life. Review of recent evidence and selected guidelines. Appetite. 2011;57(3):796–807.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Larson N, Ward D, Neelon SB, Story M. Preventing obesity among preschool children: how can child-care settings promote healthy eating and physical activity? research synthesis. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2011. Larson N, Ward D, Neelon SB, Story M. Preventing obesity among preschool children: how can child-care settings promote healthy eating and physical activity? research synthesis. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2011.
18.
go back to reference Institute of Medicine. In Birch LL, Parker L, Burns A, editors. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2011. Institute of Medicine. In Birch LL, Parker L, Burns A, editors. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2011.
19.
go back to reference Anderson SE, Must A, Curtin C, Bandini LG. Meals in our household: reliability and initial validation of a questionnaire to assess child mealtime behaviors and family mealtime environments. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112(2):276–84.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Anderson SE, Must A, Curtin C, Bandini LG. Meals in our household: reliability and initial validation of a questionnaire to assess child mealtime behaviors and family mealtime environments. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112(2):276–84.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Patrick H, Nicklas TA. A review of family and social determinants of children’s eating patterns and diet quality. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005;24(2):83–92.CrossRefPubMed Patrick H, Nicklas TA. A review of family and social determinants of children’s eating patterns and diet quality. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005;24(2):83–92.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Berry JW. Conceptual approaches to acculturation. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association; 2003.CrossRef Berry JW. Conceptual approaches to acculturation. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association; 2003.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Berry JW. Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 1997;46(1):5–34. Berry JW. Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 1997;46(1):5–34.
24.
go back to reference Lv N, Cason KL. Dietary pattern change and acculturation of Chinese–Americans in Pennsylvania. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104(5):771–8.CrossRefPubMed Lv N, Cason KL. Dietary pattern change and acculturation of Chinese–Americans in Pennsylvania. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104(5):771–8.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Chen J-L. Household income, maternal acculturation, maternal education level and health behaviors of Chinese–American children and mothers. J Immigr Minor Health. 2009;11(3):198–204.CrossRefPubMed Chen J-L. Household income, maternal acculturation, maternal education level and health behaviors of Chinese–American children and mothers. J Immigr Minor Health. 2009;11(3):198–204.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Chen J-L, Weiss S, Heyman MB, Lustig R. Risk factors for obesity and high blood pressure in Chinese–American children: maternal acculturation and children’s food choices. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(2):268–75.CrossRefPubMed Chen J-L, Weiss S, Heyman MB, Lustig R. Risk factors for obesity and high blood pressure in Chinese–American children: maternal acculturation and children’s food choices. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(2):268–75.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Demory-Luce DK, Morales M, Nicklas T. Acculturation, weight status, and eating habits among Chinese–American preschool children and their primary caregivers: a pilot study. Nutr Res. 2005;25(3):213–24.CrossRef Demory-Luce DK, Morales M, Nicklas T. Acculturation, weight status, and eating habits among Chinese–American preschool children and their primary caregivers: a pilot study. Nutr Res. 2005;25(3):213–24.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Chen J-L, Kennedy C. Factors associated with obesity in Chinese–American children. Pediatr Nurs. 2005;31(2):110.PubMed Chen J-L, Kennedy C. Factors associated with obesity in Chinese–American children. Pediatr Nurs. 2005;31(2):110.PubMed
29.
go back to reference Popkin BM, Udry JR. Adolescent obesity increases significantly in second and third generation US immigrants: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. J Nutr. 1998;128(4):701–6.CrossRefPubMed Popkin BM, Udry JR. Adolescent obesity increases significantly in second and third generation US immigrants: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. J Nutr. 1998;128(4):701–6.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Li B, Adab P, Cheng KK. The role of grandparents in childhood obesity in China-evidence from a mixed methods study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015;12(1):91.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li B, Adab P, Cheng KK. The role of grandparents in childhood obesity in China-evidence from a mixed methods study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015;12(1):91.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Lee S, Nguyen HA, Tsui J. Interview language: a proxy measure for acculturation among Asian–Americans in a population-based survey. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(2):244–52.CrossRefPubMed Lee S, Nguyen HA, Tsui J. Interview language: a proxy measure for acculturation among Asian–Americans in a population-based survey. J Immigr Minor Health. 2011;13(2):244–52.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Chomitz V, Lee V, Davidson B, Huang C, Li G, Chui KKH. Healthy eating and active living: opportunities and challenges for young children in Boston Chinatown, Massachusetts. Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center; 2015. Chomitz V, Lee V, Davidson B, Huang C, Li G, Chui KKH. Healthy eating and active living: opportunities and challenges for young children in Boston Chinatown, Massachusetts. Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center; 2015.
33.
go back to reference Vollmer RL, Mobley AR. Parenting styles, feeding styles, and their influence on child obesogenic behaviors and body weight. A review. Appetite. 2013;71:232–41.CrossRefPubMed Vollmer RL, Mobley AR. Parenting styles, feeding styles, and their influence on child obesogenic behaviors and body weight. A review. Appetite. 2013;71:232–41.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Hughes SO, Shewchuk RM, Baskin ML, Nicklas TA, Qu H. Indulgent feeding style and children’s weight status in preschool. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29(5):403.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hughes SO, Shewchuk RM, Baskin ML, Nicklas TA, Qu H. Indulgent feeding style and children’s weight status in preschool. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29(5):403.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
go back to reference Shan X. Influence of parents’ child-feeding practices on child’s weight status among Chinese adolescents in Beijing, China. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University; 2010. Shan X. Influence of parents’ child-feeding practices on child’s weight status among Chinese adolescents in Beijing, China. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University; 2010.
36.
go back to reference Thompson AL, Mendez MA, Borja JB, Adair LS, Zimmer CR, Bentley ME. Development and validation of the infant feeding style questionnaire. Appetite. 2009;53(2):210–21.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Thompson AL, Mendez MA, Borja JB, Adair LS, Zimmer CR, Bentley ME. Development and validation of the infant feeding style questionnaire. Appetite. 2009;53(2):210–21.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
go back to reference Hughes SO, Power TG, Fisher JO, Mueller S, Nicklas TA. Revisiting a neglected construct: parenting styles in a child-feeding context. Appetite. 2005;44(1):83–92.CrossRefPubMed Hughes SO, Power TG, Fisher JO, Mueller S, Nicklas TA. Revisiting a neglected construct: parenting styles in a child-feeding context. Appetite. 2005;44(1):83–92.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station: StataCorp; 2013 StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station: StataCorp; 2013
39.
go back to reference Delavari M, Sønderlund AL, Swinburn B, Mellor D, Renzaho A. Acculturation and obesity among migrant populations in high income countries–a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):458.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Delavari M, Sønderlund AL, Swinburn B, Mellor D, Renzaho A. Acculturation and obesity among migrant populations in high income countries–a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):458.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
go back to reference Huybrechts I, De Bacquer D, Van Trimpont I, De Backer G, De Henauw S. Validity of parentally reported weight and height for preschool-aged children in Belgium and its impact on classification into body mass index categories. Pediatrics. 2006;118(5):2109–18.CrossRefPubMed Huybrechts I, De Bacquer D, Van Trimpont I, De Backer G, De Henauw S. Validity of parentally reported weight and height for preschool-aged children in Belgium and its impact on classification into body mass index categories. Pediatrics. 2006;118(5):2109–18.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Sleddens EF, Gerards SM, Thijs C, Vries NK, Kremers SP. General parenting, childhood overweight and obesity-inducing behaviors: a review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011;6(2Part 2):e12–e27. Sleddens EF, Gerards SM, Thijs C, Vries NK, Kremers SP. General parenting, childhood overweight and obesity-inducing behaviors: a review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011;6(2Part 2):e12–e27.
42.
go back to reference Rhee KE, Lumeng JC, Appugliese DP, Kaciroti N, Bradley RH. Parenting styles and overweight status in first grade. Pediatrics. 2006;117(6):2047–54.CrossRefPubMed Rhee KE, Lumeng JC, Appugliese DP, Kaciroti N, Bradley RH. Parenting styles and overweight status in first grade. Pediatrics. 2006;117(6):2047–54.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Chao RK. Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training. Child Dev. 1994;65(4):1111–9.CrossRefPubMed Chao RK. Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training. Child Dev. 1994;65(4):1111–9.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Chen J-L, Kennedy C. Family functioning, parenting style, and Chinese children’s weight status. J Fam Nurs. 2004;10(2):262–79.CrossRef Chen J-L, Kennedy C. Family functioning, parenting style, and Chinese children’s weight status. J Fam Nurs. 2004;10(2):262–79.CrossRef
45.
go back to reference American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Public Education. American Academy of Pediatrics: children, adolescents, and television. Pediatrics. 2001;107(2):423–6.CrossRef American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Public Education. American Academy of Pediatrics: children, adolescents, and television. Pediatrics. 2001;107(2):423–6.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Gidding SS, Dennison BA, Birch LL, et al. Dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: a guide for practitioners. Pediatrics. 2006;117(2):544–59.CrossRefPubMed Gidding SS, Dennison BA, Birch LL, et al. Dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: a guide for practitioners. Pediatrics. 2006;117(2):544–59.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Akinbami LJ, Ogden CL. Childhood overweight prevalence in the United States: the impact of parent-reported height and weight. Obesity. 2009;17(8):1574–80.CrossRefPubMed Akinbami LJ, Ogden CL. Childhood overweight prevalence in the United States: the impact of parent-reported height and weight. Obesity. 2009;17(8):1574–80.CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Vanderwall C, Clark RR, Eickhoff J, Carrel AL. BMI is a poor predictor of adiposity in young overweight and obese children. BMC Pediatr. 2017;17(1):135.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Vanderwall C, Clark RR, Eickhoff J, Carrel AL. BMI is a poor predictor of adiposity in young overweight and obese children. BMC Pediatr. 2017;17(1):135.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Healthy Living Behaviors Among Chinese–American Preschool-Aged Children: Results of a Parent Survey
Authors
Virginia Rall Chomitz
Alison Brown
Victoria Lee
Aviva Must
Kenneth Kwan Ho Chui
Publication date
01-08-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health / Issue 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1557-1912
Electronic ISSN: 1557-1920
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-017-0619-z

Other articles of this Issue 4/2018

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 4/2018 Go to the issue