Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Gambling Studies 1/2017

01-03-2017 | Original Paper

Principles for Developing Benchmark Criteria for Staff Training in Responsible Gambling

Authors: Stefan Oehler, Raphaela Banzer, Agnes Gruenerbl, Doris Malischnig, Mark D. Griffiths, Christian Haring

Published in: Journal of Gambling Studies | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

One approach to minimizing the negative consequences of excessive gambling is staff training to reduce the rate of the development of new cases of harm or disorder within their customers. The primary goal of the present study was to assess suitable benchmark criteria for the training of gambling employees at casinos and lottery retailers. The study utilised the Delphi Method, a survey with one qualitative and two quantitative phases. A total of 21 invited international experts in the responsible gambling field participated in all three phases. A total of 75 performance indicators were outlined and assigned to six categories: (1) criteria of content, (2) modelling, (3) qualification of trainer, (4) framework conditions, (5) sustainability and (6) statistical indicators. Nine of the 75 indicators were rated as very important by 90 % or more of the experts. Unanimous support for importance was given to indicators such as (1) comprehensibility and (2) concrete action-guidance for handling with problem gamblers, Additionally, the study examined the implementation of benchmarking, when it should be conducted, and who should be responsible. Results indicated that benchmarking should be conducted every 1–2 years regularly and that one institution should be clearly defined and primarily responsible for benchmarking. The results of the present study provide the basis for developing a benchmarking for staff training in responsible gambling.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
go back to reference Blaszczynski, A., Collins, P., Fong, D., Ladouceur, R., Nower, L., Shaffer, H. J., & Venisse, J.-L. (2011). Responsible gambling: General principles and minimal requirements. Journal of Gambling Studies, 27(4), 565–573.CrossRefPubMed Blaszczynski, A., Collins, P., Fong, D., Ladouceur, R., Nower, L., Shaffer, H. J., & Venisse, J.-L. (2011). Responsible gambling: General principles and minimal requirements. Journal of Gambling Studies, 27(4), 565–573.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Blaszczynski, A., Ladouceur, R., & Shaffer, H. J. (2004). A science-based framework for responsible gambling: The Reno model. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(3), 301–317.CrossRefPubMed Blaszczynski, A., Ladouceur, R., & Shaffer, H. J. (2004). A science-based framework for responsible gambling: The Reno model. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(3), 301–317.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bortz, J. (2005). Statistik für Human-und Sozialwissenschaftler: mit… 242 Tabellen. Berlin: Springer. Bortz, J. (2005). Statistik für Human-und Sozialwissenschaftler: mit… 242 Tabellen. Berlin: Springer.
go back to reference Breen, H., Buultiens, J., & Hing, N. (2005). The responsible gambling code in Queensland, Australia: Implementation and venue assessment. UNLV Gaming Research and Review Journal, 9(1), 43–60. Breen, H., Buultiens, J., & Hing, N. (2005). The responsible gambling code in Queensland, Australia: Implementation and venue assessment. UNLV Gaming Research and Review Journal, 9(1), 43–60.
go back to reference Camp, R. C. (1995). Business process benchmarking: Finding and implementing best practices (Vol. 177). Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality Press. Camp, R. C. (1995). Business process benchmarking: Finding and implementing best practices (Vol. 177). Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality Press.
go back to reference Camp, R. C. (1998). Global cases in benchmarking: Best practices from organizations around the world. Milwaukee, WI: ASQ Quality Press. Camp, R. C. (1998). Global cases in benchmarking: Best practices from organizations around the world. Milwaukee, WI: ASQ Quality Press.
go back to reference Codling, S. (1992). Best practice benchmarking: A management guide. London: Gower Publishing Ltd. Codling, S. (1992). Best practice benchmarking: A management guide. London: Gower Publishing Ltd.
go back to reference Dufour, J., Ladouceur, R., & Giroux, I. (2010). Training program on responsible gambling among video lottery employees. International Gambling Studies, 10(1), 61–79.CrossRef Dufour, J., Ladouceur, R., & Giroux, I. (2010). Training program on responsible gambling among video lottery employees. International Gambling Studies, 10(1), 61–79.CrossRef
go back to reference Dusenbury, L., & Falco, M. (1995). Eleven components of effective drug abuse prevention curricula. [Research support, non-U.S. Gov’t]. Journal of School Health, 65(10), 420–425.CrossRefPubMed Dusenbury, L., & Falco, M. (1995). Eleven components of effective drug abuse prevention curricula. [Research support, non-U.S. Gov’t]. Journal of School Health, 65(10), 420–425.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Giroux, I., Boutin, C., Ladouceur, R., Lachance, S., & Dufour, M. (2008). Awareness training program on responsible gambling for casino employees. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 6(4), 594–601.CrossRef Giroux, I., Boutin, C., Ladouceur, R., Lachance, S., & Dufour, M. (2008). Awareness training program on responsible gambling for casino employees. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 6(4), 594–601.CrossRef
go back to reference Gläser, J., & Laudel, G. (2010). Experteninterviews und qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Wiesbaden: Springer.CrossRef Gläser, J., & Laudel, G. (2010). Experteninterviews und qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Wiesbaden: Springer.CrossRef
go back to reference Gray, H. M., Tom, M. A., LaPlante, D. A., & Shaffer, H. J. (2014). Using opinions and knowledge to identify natural groups of gambling employees. Journal of Gambling Studies,. doi:10.1007/s10899-014-9490-1. Gray, H. M., Tom, M. A., LaPlante, D. A., & Shaffer, H. J. (2014). Using opinions and knowledge to identify natural groups of gambling employees. Journal of Gambling Studies,. doi:10.​1007/​s10899-014-9490-1.
go back to reference Griffiths, M. D. (2000). Employers need to be aware of gambling in workplace and potential effects on job performance and company health. Report on Problem Gambling, 2, 23–29. Griffiths, M. D. (2000). Employers need to be aware of gambling in workplace and potential effects on job performance and company health. Report on Problem Gambling, 2, 23–29.
go back to reference Griffiths, M. D. (2012). Internet gambling, player protection, and social responsibility. London: Routledge. Griffiths, M. D. (2012). Internet gambling, player protection, and social responsibility. London: Routledge.
go back to reference Griffiths, M. D., & Wood, R. T. A. (2009). Centralised gaming models and social responsibility. Casino and Gaming International, 5(2), 65–69. Griffiths, M. D., & Wood, R. T. A. (2009). Centralised gaming models and social responsibility. Casino and Gaming International, 5(2), 65–69.
go back to reference Hank, K., & Trenkel, H. (1994). Zukünftige Erscheinungsformen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe - Eine Prognose mit Hilfe der Delphi Technik. Berichte über Landwirtschaft, 72, 123–145. Hank, K., & Trenkel, H. (1994). Zukünftige Erscheinungsformen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe - Eine Prognose mit Hilfe der Delphi Technik. Berichte über Landwirtschaft, 72, 123–145.
go back to reference Heidenreich, T., & Michalak, J. (2004). Achtsamkeit («Mindfulness») als Therapieprinzip in Verhaltenstherapie und Verhaltensmedizin. Verhaltenstherapie, 13(4), 264–274.CrossRef Heidenreich, T., & Michalak, J. (2004). Achtsamkeit («Mindfulness») als Therapieprinzip in Verhaltenstherapie und Verhaltensmedizin. Verhaltenstherapie, 13(4), 264–274.CrossRef
go back to reference Kalke, J., Farnbacher, G., Verthein, U., & Haasen, C. (2006). Das Gefährdungs-und Abhängigkeitspotenzial von Lotterien-Erkenntnisstand in Deutschland. Suchtmedizin, 4, 183–188. Kalke, J., Farnbacher, G., Verthein, U., & Haasen, C. (2006). Das Gefährdungs-und Abhängigkeitspotenzial von Lotterien-Erkenntnisstand in Deutschland. Suchtmedizin, 4, 183–188.
go back to reference Kalke, J., Verthein, U., Farnbacher, G., & Haasen, C. (2007). Aktive Spielsuchtprävention bei Lotterien und Sportwetten in Hamburg. Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, 2(4), 249–253.CrossRef Kalke, J., Verthein, U., Farnbacher, G., & Haasen, C. (2007). Aktive Spielsuchtprävention bei Lotterien und Sportwetten in Hamburg. Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, 2(4), 249–253.CrossRef
go back to reference Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 4(2), 193–212.CrossRef Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 4(2), 193–212.CrossRef
go back to reference Ladouceur, R., Boutin, C., Doucet, C., Dumont, M., Provencher, M., Giroux, I., & Boucher, C. (2004). Awareness promotion about excessive gambling among video lottery retailers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(2), 181–185.CrossRefPubMed Ladouceur, R., Boutin, C., Doucet, C., Dumont, M., Provencher, M., Giroux, I., & Boucher, C. (2004). Awareness promotion about excessive gambling among video lottery retailers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(2), 181–185.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference LaPlante, D. A., Gray, H. M., LaBrie, R. A., Kleschinsky, J. H., & Shaffer, H. J. (2012). Gaming industry employees’ responses to responsible gambling training: A public health imperative. Journal of Gambling Studies, 28(2), 171–191.CrossRefPubMed LaPlante, D. A., Gray, H. M., LaBrie, R. A., Kleschinsky, J. H., & Shaffer, H. J. (2012). Gaming industry employees’ responses to responsible gambling training: A public health imperative. Journal of Gambling Studies, 28(2), 171–191.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lewis, C., Battistich, V., & Schaps, E. (1990). School-based primary prevention: What is an effective program? New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 50, 35–59.CrossRef Lewis, C., Battistich, V., & Schaps, E. (1990). School-based primary prevention: What is an effective program? New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 50, 35–59.CrossRef
go back to reference McCormack, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). A scoping study of the structural and situational characteristics of internet gambling. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning, 3(1), 29–49.CrossRef McCormack, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). A scoping study of the structural and situational characteristics of internet gambling. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning, 3(1), 29–49.CrossRef
go back to reference Meyer, G., Häfeli, J., Mörsen, C., & Fiebig, M. (2010). Die Einschätzung des Gefährdungspotentials von Glücksspielen. SUCHT-Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis/Journal of Addiction Research and Practice, 56(6), 405–414.CrossRef Meyer, G., Häfeli, J., Mörsen, C., & Fiebig, M. (2010). Die Einschätzung des Gefährdungspotentials von Glücksspielen. SUCHT-Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis/Journal of Addiction Research and Practice, 56(6), 405–414.CrossRef
go back to reference Nation, M., Crusto, C., Wandersman, A., Kumpfer, K. L., Seybolt, D., Morrissey-Kane, E., & Davino, K. (2003). What works in prevention: Principles of effective prevention programs. American Psychologist, 58(6–7), 449–456.CrossRefPubMed Nation, M., Crusto, C., Wandersman, A., Kumpfer, K. L., Seybolt, D., Morrissey-Kane, E., & Davino, K. (2003). What works in prevention: Principles of effective prevention programs. American Psychologist, 58(6–7), 449–456.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Otieno, G. O., Hinako, T., Motohiro, A., Daisuke, K., & Keiko, N. (2008). Measuring effectiveness of electronic medical records systems: Towards building a composite index for benchmarking hospitals. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 77(10), 657–669.CrossRefPubMed Otieno, G. O., Hinako, T., Motohiro, A., Daisuke, K., & Keiko, N. (2008). Measuring effectiveness of electronic medical records systems: Towards building a composite index for benchmarking hospitals. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 77(10), 657–669.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shaffer, H. J., Bilt, J. V., & Hall, M. N. (1999). Gambling, drinking, smoking and other health risk activities among casino employees. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 36(3), 365–378.CrossRefPubMed Shaffer, H. J., Bilt, J. V., & Hall, M. N. (1999). Gambling, drinking, smoking and other health risk activities among casino employees. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 36(3), 365–378.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shaffer, H. J., & Hall, M. N. (2002). The natural history of gambling and drinking problems among casino employees. Journal of Social Psychology, 142(4), 405–424.CrossRefPubMed Shaffer, H. J., & Hall, M. N. (2002). The natural history of gambling and drinking problems among casino employees. Journal of Social Psychology, 142(4), 405–424.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Smitheringale, B. (2001). The manitoba problem gambling customer assistance program: Summary report. Winnipeg: Addictions Foundation of Manitoba. Smitheringale, B. (2001). The manitoba problem gambling customer assistance program: Summary report. Winnipeg: Addictions Foundation of Manitoba.
go back to reference Wahl, D. (2002). Mit Training vom trägen Wissen zum kompetenten Handeln? Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 48(2), 227–241. Wahl, D. (2002). Mit Training vom trägen Wissen zum kompetenten Handeln? Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 48(2), 227–241.
go back to reference Wood, R. T. A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014a). Rating the suitability of responsible gambling features for specific game types: A resource for optimizing responsible gambling strategy. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12, 94–112.CrossRef Wood, R. T. A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014a). Rating the suitability of responsible gambling features for specific game types: A resource for optimizing responsible gambling strategy. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12, 94–112.CrossRef
go back to reference Wood, R. T. A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014b). Selecting the right responsible gambling features, according to the specific portfolio of games. Responsible Gambling Review, 1(1), 51–63. Wood, R. T. A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014b). Selecting the right responsible gambling features, according to the specific portfolio of games. Responsible Gambling Review, 1(1), 51–63.
Metadata
Title
Principles for Developing Benchmark Criteria for Staff Training in Responsible Gambling
Authors
Stefan Oehler
Raphaela Banzer
Agnes Gruenerbl
Doris Malischnig
Mark D. Griffiths
Christian Haring
Publication date
01-03-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Gambling Studies / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3602
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-016-9617-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Journal of Gambling Studies 1/2017 Go to the issue