Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 4/2014

01-12-2014 | Original Paper

Leading and Learning in the Psychotherapy Supervision Seminar: Some Thoughts on the Beginnings of Supervisor Development

Author: C. Edward Watkins Jr.

Published in: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy | Issue 4/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Supervisor development theories typically give focus to growth of the supervisor via practice. But in what ways does the foundational psychotherapy supervision seminar stimulate and first set in motion the supervisor development process? That question is subsequently considered. Based on personal experience in training supervisors via seminars and ongoing reflection about that learning process, five seminar-induced themes that potentially reflect beginning tensions of supervisor development are proposed, and their seeming evolution over the course of the supervision seminar is considered. Points that are raised include the following: (a) the supervision seminar is the first, primary stimulus of supervisor development and sets the stage for later growth via practice; (b) early themes that are identified in supervisor development theories also make appearance in the supervision seminar experience; (c) to best understand the full arc of supervisor development, the seminar as both developmental initiator and intervention preparedness foundation merits more careful scrutiny; and (d) through more completely understanding the seminar as instigator of supervisor development, supervisor educators might be better positioned to develop seminars that most constructively affect the very beginnings of the supervisor development process.
Literature
go back to reference Alonso, A. (1983). A developmental theory of psychodynamic supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 1(1), 23–36.CrossRef Alonso, A. (1983). A developmental theory of psychodynamic supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 1(1), 23–36.CrossRef
go back to reference Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (2014). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill. Bernard, J. M., & Goodyear, R. K. (2014). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill.
go back to reference Borders, L. D. (1992). Learning to think like a supervisor. The Clinical Supervisor, 10(2), 135–148.CrossRef Borders, L. D. (1992). Learning to think like a supervisor. The Clinical Supervisor, 10(2), 135–148.CrossRef
go back to reference Borders, L. D., Bernard, J. M., Dye, H. A., Fong, M. L., Henderson, P., & Nance, D. W. (1991). Curriculum guide for training counseling supervisors: Rationale, development, and implementation. Counselor Education and Supervision, 31, 58–82.CrossRef Borders, L. D., Bernard, J. M., Dye, H. A., Fong, M. L., Henderson, P., & Nance, D. W. (1991). Curriculum guide for training counseling supervisors: Rationale, development, and implementation. Counselor Education and Supervision, 31, 58–82.CrossRef
go back to reference Borders, L. D., & Brown, L. L. (2005). The new handbook of counseling supervision. Mahway, NJ: Lahaska Press. Borders, L. D., & Brown, L. L. (2005). The new handbook of counseling supervision. Mahway, NJ: Lahaska Press.
go back to reference Crook-Lyon, R. E., Pressnell, J., Silva, L., Suyama, M., & Stickney, J. (2011). Emergent supervisors: Comparing counseling center and non-counseling-center interns’ supervisory training experiences. Journal of College Counseling, 14, 34–49.CrossRef Crook-Lyon, R. E., Pressnell, J., Silva, L., Suyama, M., & Stickney, J. (2011). Emergent supervisors: Comparing counseling center and non-counseling-center interns’ supervisory training experiences. Journal of College Counseling, 14, 34–49.CrossRef
go back to reference Ecklar-Hart, A. H. (1987). True and false self in the development of the psychotherapist. Psychotherapy, 24, 683–692.CrossRef Ecklar-Hart, A. H. (1987). True and false self in the development of the psychotherapist. Psychotherapy, 24, 683–692.CrossRef
go back to reference Ellis, M. V., Berger, L., Hanus, A. E., Ayala, E. E., Swords, B. A., & Siembor, M. (2014). Inadequate and harmful clinical supervision: Testing a revised framework and assessing occurrence. The Counseling Psychologist, 42, 434–472. Ellis, M. V., Berger, L., Hanus, A. E., Ayala, E. E., Swords, B. A., & Siembor, M. (2014). Inadequate and harmful clinical supervision: Testing a revised framework and assessing occurrence. The Counseling Psychologist, 42, 434–472.
go back to reference Ellis, M. V., & Ladany, N. (1997). Inferences concerning supervisees and clients in clinical supervision: An integrative review. In C. E. Watkins Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy supervision (pp. 447–507). New York: Wiley. Ellis, M. V., & Ladany, N. (1997). Inferences concerning supervisees and clients in clinical supervision: An integrative review. In C. E. Watkins Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy supervision (pp. 447–507). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. (2004). Clinical supervision: A competency-based approach. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. (2004). Clinical supervision: A competency-based approach. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
go back to reference Fleming, I. (2012). Developments in supervisor training. In I. Fleming & L. Steen (Eds.), Supervision and clinical psychology: Theory, practice and perspectives (2nd ed., pp. 77–95). London: Routledge. Fleming, I. (2012). Developments in supervisor training. In I. Fleming & L. Steen (Eds.), Supervision and clinical psychology: Theory, practice and perspectives (2nd ed., pp. 77–95). London: Routledge.
go back to reference Ford, E. S. (1963). Being and becoming a psychotherapist: The search for identity. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 17, 472–482.PubMed Ford, E. S. (1963). Being and becoming a psychotherapist: The search for identity. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 17, 472–482.PubMed
go back to reference Gazzola, N., DeStefano, J., Theriault, A., & Audet, C. T. (2014). Positive experiences of doctoral-level supervisors-in-training conducting group-format supervision: A qualitative investigation. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 42, 26–42.CrossRef Gazzola, N., DeStefano, J., Theriault, A., & Audet, C. T. (2014). Positive experiences of doctoral-level supervisors-in-training conducting group-format supervision: A qualitative investigation. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 42, 26–42.CrossRef
go back to reference Gonsalvez, C. J., & Milne, D. L. (2010). Clinical supervisor training in Australia: A review of current problems and possible solutions. Australian Psychologist, 45, 233–242.CrossRef Gonsalvez, C. J., & Milne, D. L. (2010). Clinical supervisor training in Australia: A review of current problems and possible solutions. Australian Psychologist, 45, 233–242.CrossRef
go back to reference Gordan, K. (1996). Psychotherapy supervision in education, clinical practice, and institutions. Northvale, NJ: Aronson. Gordan, K. (1996). Psychotherapy supervision in education, clinical practice, and institutions. Northvale, NJ: Aronson.
go back to reference Hess, A. K. (1986). Growth in supervision: Stages of supervisee and supervisor development. The Clinical Supervisor, 4(1), 51–67.CrossRef Hess, A. K. (1986). Growth in supervision: Stages of supervisee and supervisor development. The Clinical Supervisor, 4(1), 51–67.CrossRef
go back to reference Hess, A. K., Hess, K. D., & Hess, T. H. (Eds.). (2008). Psychotherapy supervision: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Hess, A. K., Hess, K. D., & Hess, T. H. (Eds.). (2008). Psychotherapy supervision: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
go back to reference Inman, A. G., & Ladany, N. (2008). Research: The state of the field. In A. K. Hess, K. D. Hess, & T. H. Hess (Eds.), Psychotherapy supervision: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed., pp. 500–517). Hoboken: Wiley. Inman, A. G., & Ladany, N. (2008). Research: The state of the field. In A. K. Hess, K. D. Hess, & T. H. Hess (Eds.), Psychotherapy supervision: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed., pp. 500–517). Hoboken: Wiley.
go back to reference Loganbill, C., Hardy, E., & Delworth, U. (1982). Supervision: A conceptual tool. The Counseling Psychologist, 10(1), 3–42. Loganbill, C., Hardy, E., & Delworth, U. (1982). Supervision: A conceptual tool. The Counseling Psychologist, 10(1), 3–42.
go back to reference Rodenhauser, P. (1994). Toward a multidimensional model for psychotherapy supervision based on developmental stages. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 3, 1–15.PubMedPubMedCentral Rodenhauser, P. (1994). Toward a multidimensional model for psychotherapy supervision based on developmental stages. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 3, 1–15.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Ronnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselors. New York: Routledge. Ronnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselors. New York: Routledge.
go back to reference Russell, R. K., & Petrie, T. (1994). Issues in training effective supervisors. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 3, 27–42.CrossRef Russell, R. K., & Petrie, T. (1994). Issues in training effective supervisors. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 3, 27–42.CrossRef
go back to reference Scott, K. J., Ingram, K. M., Vitanza, S. A., & Smith, N. G. (2000). Training in supervision: A survey of current practices. The Counseling Psychologist, 28, 403–422.CrossRef Scott, K. J., Ingram, K. M., Vitanza, S. A., & Smith, N. G. (2000). Training in supervision: A survey of current practices. The Counseling Psychologist, 28, 403–422.CrossRef
go back to reference Stoltenberg, C. D. (1981). Approaching supervision from a developmental perspective: The counselor complexity model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 59–65.CrossRef Stoltenberg, C. D. (1981). Approaching supervision from a developmental perspective: The counselor complexity model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 59–65.CrossRef
go back to reference Stoltenberg, C. D., & Delworth, U. (1987). Supervising counselors and therapists. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Stoltenberg, C. D., & Delworth, U. (1987). Supervising counselors and therapists. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
go back to reference Stoltenberg, C. D., & McNeill, B. W. (2010). IDM supervision: An integrated developmental model for supervising counselors and therapists (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Stoltenberg, C. D., & McNeill, B. W. (2010). IDM supervision: An integrated developmental model for supervising counselors and therapists (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1992). Reflections on the preparation of psychotherapy supervisors. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47, 145–147.CrossRef Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1992). Reflections on the preparation of psychotherapy supervisors. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47, 145–147.CrossRef
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1993). Development of the psychotherapy supervisor: Concepts, assumptions, and hypotheses of the Supervisor Complexity Model. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 47, 58–74.PubMed Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1993). Development of the psychotherapy supervisor: Concepts, assumptions, and hypotheses of the Supervisor Complexity Model. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 47, 58–74.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1994). The supervision of psychotherapy supervisor trainees. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 48, 417–431.PubMed Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1994). The supervision of psychotherapy supervisor trainees. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 48, 417–431.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1995). Psychotherapy supervisor and supervisee: Developmental models and research nine years later. Clinical Psychology Review, 15, 647–680.CrossRef Watkins, C. E., Jr. (1995). Psychotherapy supervisor and supervisee: Developmental models and research nine years later. Clinical Psychology Review, 15, 647–680.CrossRef
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (Ed.). (1997). Handbook of psychotherapy supervision. New York: Wiley. Watkins, C. E., Jr. (Ed.). (1997). Handbook of psychotherapy supervision. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2011). Psychotherapy supervision since 1909: Some friendly observations about its first century. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 41, 57–67.CrossRef Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2011). Psychotherapy supervision since 1909: Some friendly observations about its first century. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 41, 57–67.CrossRef
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012a). Development of the psychotherapy supervisor: Review of and reflections on 30 years of theory and research. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 66, 45–83.PubMed Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012a). Development of the psychotherapy supervisor: Review of and reflections on 30 years of theory and research. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 66, 45–83.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012b). Educating psychotherapy supervisors. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 66, 279–307.PubMed Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012b). Educating psychotherapy supervisors. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 66, 279–307.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012c). On demoralization, therapist identity development, and persuasion and healing in psychotherapy supervision. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 22, 187–205.CrossRef Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2012c). On demoralization, therapist identity development, and persuasion and healing in psychotherapy supervision. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 22, 187–205.CrossRef
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2013). Being and becoming a psychotherapy supervisor: The crucial triad of learning difficulties. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 67, 135–151.PubMed Watkins, C. E., Jr. (2013). Being and becoming a psychotherapy supervisor: The crucial triad of learning difficulties. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 67, 135–151.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr., & Milne, D. (Eds.). (2014). Wiley-Blackwell international handbook of clinical supervision. Oxford, UK: Wiley. Watkins, C. E., Jr., & Milne, D. (Eds.). (2014). Wiley-Blackwell international handbook of clinical supervision. Oxford, UK: Wiley.
go back to reference Watkins, C. E., Jr., & Wang, C. (2014). On the education of clinical supervisors. In C. E. Watkins Jr. & D. Milne (Eds.), Wiley-Blackwell international handbook of clinical supervision (pp. 177–203). Oxford, UK: Wiley.CrossRef Watkins, C. E., Jr., & Wang, C. (2014). On the education of clinical supervisors. In C. E. Watkins Jr. & D. Milne (Eds.), Wiley-Blackwell international handbook of clinical supervision (pp. 177–203). Oxford, UK: Wiley.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Leading and Learning in the Psychotherapy Supervision Seminar: Some Thoughts on the Beginnings of Supervisor Development
Author
C. Edward Watkins Jr.
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy / Issue 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0022-0116
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3564
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-014-9268-x

Other articles of this Issue 4/2014

Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 4/2014 Go to the issue