GlideScope video laryngoscopy use tracheal intubation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a series of four cases and literature review

Airway management in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a challenging problem for anesthesiologists. The GlideScope video laryngoscope (GVL) is designed to assist tracheal intubation for patients with a difficult airway. The aim of the study was to report the successful intubation by GVL of four AS patients, and to discuss the use of GVL for tracheal intubation in patients with AS by performing a review of the literature. Four patients with chronic, severe AS were evaluated preoperatively; all had features associated with a difficult direct laryngoscopy. We performed the necessary preparations for difficult airway and intubation. Patients were kept in supine position, with their head and neck supported on pillows. Following sufficient preoxygenation, patients received i.v. remifentanil at 1 μg kg⁻¹, propofol at 2 mg kg⁻¹, and succinylcholine at 1 mg kg⁻¹. GVL intubation was provided after full muscle relaxation. GVL is reasonable alternative to awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy or any other device, as it appears that less training and skill is involved in the actual intubation process. Adequate laryngeal exposure was obtained in all patients were successfully intubated in the first attempt. As with any challenging airway management, it is essential to have a rescue strategy. We believe that GVL can be a good alternative for oral endotracheal intubation in patients with AS. This series is very small and the reader should be very cautious about drawing broad conclusions regarding the GVL and patients with AS.