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International Ophthalmology

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Open Access 01-02-2020 | Glaucoma | Review

Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review

Authors: Marta P. Wiącek, Monika Modrzejewska, Daniel Zaborski

Published in: International Ophthalmology | Issue 2/2020

Abstract

Introduction

The advances in research methods used in ophthalmology allow for an increasingly accurate examination of the eyes, as well as the morphology and function of the vessels. Colour Doppler imaging is still the first-line method for the analysis of parameters of retrobulbar circulation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to present the current state of knowledge about anatomical and functional age-related changes in retrobulbar arteries.

Methods

A literature search was performed mainly based on the PubMed database.

Results

The anatomy of retrobulbar arteries, histological background of age-related vascular changes, age-related changes in retrobulbar blood flow in the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, short posterior ciliary arteries, and the reference values for the age-dependent retrobulbar circulation parameters measured by colour Doppler imaging are discussed in this review.

Conclusion

The age of the subject should always be taken into account when interpreting the parameters of retrobulbar blood flow measured by colour Doppler imaging.

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Title: Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review
Authors: Marta P. Wiącek
Monika Modrzejewska
Daniel Zaborski
Publication date: 01-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Keyword: Glaucoma
Published in: International Ophthalmology / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0165-5701
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2630
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-019-01176-8

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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