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Inflammopharmacology
Published in: Inflammopharmacology 2/2019

01-04-2019 | Original Article

Preventive effects of guanosine on intestinal inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats

Authors: Maria Grazia Zizzo, Gaetano Caldara, Annalisa Bellanca, Domenico Nuzzo, Marta Di Carlo, Rosa Serio

Published in: Inflammopharmacology | Issue 2/2019

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Abstract

Background

Guanosine, a guanine-based purine, is an extracellular signaling molecule exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in several in vivo and in vitro injury models. We aimed to investigate its protective effects on 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rat.

Methods

Rats were divided into five groups and colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of DNBS (15 mg/rat). Guanosine (4 or 8 mg/kg) was administered for 6 days i.p. starting the day of the colitis induction. Body weight loss, stool consistency, colon weight/length, histological analysis, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed. Immunoblotting of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein levels and detection of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers were also performed.

Results

Guanosine, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly ameliorated the severity of DNBS-induced colitis, reducing body weight loss and diarrhea incidence, preventing the DNBS-induced macroscopic and microscopic damage to the colonic mucosa, and the MPO increase. Guanosine treatment also lowered interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels. Importantly, guanosine in DNBS rats down-regulated the expression of NF-κB p65 and the levels of reactive oxygen species and nitrite.

Conclusions

In conclusion, guanosine exerts beneficial effects in DNBS-induced colitis in rats, through modulation of colonic inflammation, downregulating of NFκB-mediated signaling.
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Metadata
Title
Preventive effects of guanosine on intestinal inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats
Authors
Maria Grazia Zizzo
Gaetano Caldara
Annalisa Bellanca
Domenico Nuzzo
Marta Di Carlo
Rosa Serio
Publication date
01-04-2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Inflammopharmacology / Issue 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0925-4692
Electronic ISSN: 1568-5608
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-018-0506-9

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