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Open Access 01-10-2011 | Review

Cardiovascular and metabolic influences of fetal smoke exposure

Authors: Hanneke Bakker, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe

Published in: European Journal of Epidemiology | Issue 10/2011

Abstract

Many epidemiological studies showed associations of low birth weight with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity. The associations seem to be consistent and stronger among subjects with a postnatal catch up growth. It has been suggested that developmental changes in response to adverse fetal exposures might lead to changes in the fetal anatomy and physiology. These adaptations may be beneficial for short term, but may lead to common diseases in adulthood. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is one of the most important adverse fetal exposures in Western countries, and is known to be associated with a 150–200 g lower birth weight. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy might be involved in pathways leading to both low birth weight and common diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity, in adulthood. In this review, we discuss epidemiological studies focused on the associations of maternal smoking with fetal growth and development and cardiovascular and metabolic disease in later life. We also discuss potential biological mechanisms, and challenges for future epidemiological studies.

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Title: Cardiovascular and metabolic influences of fetal smoke exposure
Authors: Hanneke Bakker
Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Publication date: 01-10-2011
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: European Journal of Epidemiology / Issue 10/2011
Print ISSN: 0393-2990
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7284
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-011-9621-2

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Cardiovascular and metabolic influences of fetal smoke exposure

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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Maternal weight change before pregnancy in relation to birthweight and risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes

The Rotterdam Scan Study: design and update up to 2012

Early age at menarche associated with increased all-cause mortality

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STrengthening the reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology—Molecular Epidemiology (STROBE-ME): an extension of the STROBE statement

Prognostic value of haemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose for incident diabetes and implications for screening