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Clinical & Experimental Metastasis
Published in: Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 6/2015

01-08-2015 | Research Paper

Targeting geranylgeranylation reduces adrenal gland tumor burden in a murine model of prostate cancer metastasis

Authors: Jacqueline E. Reilly, Jeffrey D. Neighbors, Huaxiang Tong, Michael D. Henry, Raymond J. Hohl

Published in: Clinical & Experimental Metastasis | Issue 6/2015

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Abstract

The isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway (IBP) is critical for providing substrates for the post-translational modification of proteins key in regulating malignant cell properties, including proliferation, invasion, and migration. Inhibitors of the IBP, including statins and nitrogenous bisphosphonates, are used clinically for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and bone disease respectively. The statins work predominantly in the liver, while the nitrogenous bisphosphonates are highly sequestered to bone. Inhibition of the entire IBP is limited by organ specificity and side effects resulting from depletion of all isoprenoids. We have developed a novel compound, disodium [(6Z,11E,15E)-9-[bis(sodiooxy)phosphoryl]-17-hydroxy-2,6,12,16-tetramethyheptadeca-2,6,11,15-tetraen-9-yl]phosphonate (GGOHBP), which selectively targets geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, reducing post-translational protein geranylgeranylation. Intracardiac injection of luciferase-expressing human-derived 22Rv1 PCa cells into SCID mice resulted in tumor development in bone (100 %), adrenal glands (72 %), mesentery (22 %), liver (17 %), and the thoracic cavity (6 %). Three weeks after tumor inoculation, daily subcutaneous (SQ) injections of 1.5 mg/kg GGOHBP or the vehicle were given for one month. Dissected tumors revealed a reduction in adrenal gland tumors corresponding to a 54 % (P < 0.005) reduction in total adrenal gland tumor weight of the treated mice as compared to vehicle-treated controls. Western blot analysis of the harvested tissues showed a reduction in Rap1A geranylgeranylation in adrenal glands and mesenteric tumors of the treated mice while non-tumorous tissues and control mice showed no Rap1A alteration. Our findings detail a novel bisphosphonate compound capable of preferentially altering the IBP in tumor-burdened adrenal glands of a murine model of PCa metastasis.
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Metadata
Title
Targeting geranylgeranylation reduces adrenal gland tumor burden in a murine model of prostate cancer metastasis
Authors
Jacqueline E. Reilly
Jeffrey D. Neighbors
Huaxiang Tong
Michael D. Henry
Raymond J. Hohl
Publication date
01-08-2015
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Clinical & Experimental Metastasis / Issue 6/2015
Print ISSN: 0262-0898
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7276
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-015-9727-0

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