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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 4/2016

01-04-2016 | Original paper

Glycemic index and glycemic load and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort study (JPHC Study)

Authors: Sarah Krull Abe, Manami Inoue, Norie Sawada, Junko Ishihara, Motoki Iwasaki, Taiki Yamaji, Taichi Shimazu, Shizuka Sasazuki, Shoichiro Tsugane

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 4/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was for the first time to assess the association between glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and colorectal cancer using a prospective Japanese population-based cohort.

Methods

In our study participants aged 40–69 at baseline of the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study (JPHC Study) in 10 prefectural public health centers (PHC) were included. Subjects responding to the five-year follow-up survey (1995–1999) without previous history of cancer and missing data were included in the current analysis n = 73,501 (men n = 34,560 and women n = 38,941). We reported results as hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) by Cox proportional hazards modeling.

Results

The average follow-up time was 12.5 years (919,276 person-years). A total of 1,468 colorectal cancer cases were detected. Overall, no significant results were observed; however, GL was inversely nonsignificantly associated with colon cancer in men HR = 0.74 (95 % CI 0.51–1.09) and rectal cancer in women 0.52 (95 % CI 0.24–1.14). The GL tended to be inversely associated with proximal colon cancer among men 0.62 (95 % CI 0.36–1.08), while a positive association with the GI was observed among women 1.37 (95 % CI 0.88–2.14). Sensitivity analyses excluding the first three years of observation showed similar results. Results stratified by diabetes status, BMI, smoking and red meat were nonsignificant.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the prospective JPHC Study suggests that the GI and GL do not have a substantial impact on the risk of colorectal cancer in Japanese adults.
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Metadata
Title
Glycemic index and glycemic load and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort study (JPHC Study)
Authors
Sarah Krull Abe
Manami Inoue
Norie Sawada
Junko Ishihara
Motoki Iwasaki
Taiki Yamaji
Taichi Shimazu
Shizuka Sasazuki
Shoichiro Tsugane
Publication date
01-04-2016
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 4/2016
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-016-0733-6

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