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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 3/2013

01-03-2013 | Original paper

Risk factors for primary lung cancer among never smokers by gender in a matched case–control study

Authors: Yen-Li Lo, Chin-Fu Hsiao, Gee-Chen Chang, Ying-Huang Tsai, Ming-Shyan Huang, Wu-Chou Su, Yuh-Min Chen, Che-Wei Hsin, Chin-Hao Chang, Pan-Chyr Yang, Chien-Jen Chen, Chao A. Hsiung

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 3/2013

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Abstract

Objective

Lung cancers that occur in never smokers differ from those that occur in smokers. We performed an analysis of potential epidemiological risk factors for lung cancer among never smokers.

Methods

In this hospital-based matched case–control study, all 1,540 matched case–control pairs were Han Chinese in Taiwan. The data on demographic characteristics, smoking habit, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, medical history of lung diseases, family history of lung cancer, and female characteristics were collected from a structured questionnaire. A multiple conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals after adjusting for possible confounders.

Results

Overall, several epidemiological factors of lung cancer in never smokers were different between males and females. For the female population, subjects who were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (OR = 1.39, 95 % CI = 1.17–1.67) with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and with family history of lung cancer in first-degree relatives (OR = 2.44, 95 % CI = 1.79–3.32) had higher risk of lung cancer, while subjects with a history of hormone replacement therapy and using fume extractors for those who cooked were protective. For the male population, only subjects with family history of lung cancer in first-degree relatives (OR = 2.77, 95 % CI = 1.53–5.01) were significantly associated with risk of lung cancer.

Conclusion

This study provides insights about the epidemiological factors of lung cancer in never smokers, adding to existing evidence that family history of lung cancer and environmental tobacco smoke may moderate lung cancer risk.
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Metadata
Title
Risk factors for primary lung cancer among never smokers by gender in a matched case–control study
Authors
Yen-Li Lo
Chin-Fu Hsiao
Gee-Chen Chang
Ying-Huang Tsai
Ming-Shyan Huang
Wu-Chou Su
Yuh-Min Chen
Che-Wei Hsin
Chin-Hao Chang
Pan-Chyr Yang
Chien-Jen Chen
Chao A. Hsiung
Publication date
01-03-2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-9994-x

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