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Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology

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Open Access 01-10-2013 | Research Article

Characterization and Inflammatory Response of Perivascular-Resident Macrophage-Like Melanocytes in the Vestibular System

Authors: Fei Zhang, Jinhui Zhang, Lingling Neng, Xiaorui Shi

Published in: Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology | Issue 5/2013

Abstract

A large number of perivascular cells expressing both macrophage and melanocyte characteristics (named perivascular-resident macrophage-like melanocytes, PVM/Ms), previously found in the intra-strial fluid–blood barrier, are also found in the blood–labyrinth barrier area of the vestibular system in normal adult cochlea, including in the three ampullae of the semicircular canals (posterior, superior, and horizontal), utricle, and saccule. The cells were identified as PVM/Ms, positive for the macrophage and melanocyte marker proteins F4/80 and GSTα4. Similar to PVM/Ms present in the stria vascularis, the PVM/Ms in the vestibular system are closely associated with microvessels and structurally intertwined with endothelial cells and pericytes, with a density in normal (unstimulated) utricle of 225 ± 43/mm²; saccule 191 ± 25/mm²; horizontal ampullae 212 ± 36/mm²; anterior ampullae 238 ± 36/mm²; and posterior ampullae 223 ± 64/mm². Injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide into the middle ear through the tympanic membrane causes the PVM/Ms to activate and arrange in an irregular pattern along capillary walls in all regions within a 48-h period. The inflammatory response significantly increases vascular permeability and leakage. The results underscore the morphological complexity of the blood barrier in the vestibular system, with its surrounding basal lamina, pericytes, as well as second line of defense in PVM/Ms. PVM/Ms may be important to maintain blood barrier integrity and initiating local inflammatory response in the vestibular system.

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Title: Characterization and Inflammatory Response of Perivascular-Resident Macrophage-Like Melanocytes in the Vestibular System
Authors: Fei Zhang
Jinhui Zhang
Lingling Neng
Xiaorui Shi
Publication date: 01-10-2013
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1525-3961
Electronic ISSN: 1438-7573
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10162-013-0403-2

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Characterization and Inflammatory Response of Perivascular-Resident Macrophage-Like Melanocytes in the Vestibular System

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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