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International Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Open Access 01-04-2017 | Invited Review Article

Recent progress and perspectives on prostate cancer biomarkers

Authors: Shingo Hatakeyama, Tohru Yoneyama, Yuki Tobisawa, Chikara Ohyama

Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology | Issue 2/2017

Abstract

The application of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer (PC) screening, diagnosis, and prognosis has improved the clinical management of PC patients. However, the PSA assay has been faced with criticism due to its potential association with over-diagnosis and subsequent overtreatment of patients with indolent disease. The United States Preventive Services Task Force incited much debate over PSA-based screening in 2012 by recommending against this approach. However, the PSA assay remains the first-line tool for the early detection of PC. This debate highlights the unmet need for non-invasive PC biomarkers with greater sensitivity and specificity that are capable of distinguishing aggressive disease from indolent disease, predicting treatment response, and guiding treatment decisions. Recent investigations into putative PC biomarkers have focused on PSA isoform assays (prostate health index, 4-kallikurein panel), PC-associated genes in the urine (PCA3 and TMPRSS2-ERG), glycan-associated biomarkers (S2, 3PSA, GCNT1, and tri- and tetra-antennary serum N-glycans), and circulating tumor cells. Although substantial efforts to identify novel PC biomarkers that might replace PSA have been put forth, the majority of the putative PC biomarkers reported in the last few years are still under investigation or validation. This review provides an overview of the current state of PC biomarker research and focuses on a few promising PC biomarkers in development.

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Title: Recent progress and perspectives on prostate cancer biomarkers
Authors: Shingo Hatakeyama
Tohru Yoneyama
Yuki Tobisawa
Chikara Ohyama
Publication date: 01-04-2017
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1341-9625
Electronic ISSN: 1437-7772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-016-1049-y

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