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International Journal of Clinical Oncology

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01-02-2017 | Original Article

The utility of neoadjuvant gemcitabine plus carboplatin followed by immediate radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy

Authors: Hiromi Murasawa, Takuya Koie, Chikara Ohyama, Hayato Yamamoto, Atsushi Imai, Shingo Hatakeyama, Takahiro Yoneyama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Ikuya Iwabuchi, Masaru Ogasawara, Toshiaki Kawaguchi

Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

There are currently no data supporting carboplatin-based regimens in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients who are unsuitable for neoadjuvant cisplatin treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of carboplatin-based regimens in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were unsuitable for cisplatin.

Methods

We focused on 171 patients ineligible for cisplatin, including 98 patients who received neoadjuvant gemcitabine and carboplatin (GCarbo) followed by immediate radical cystectomy (GCarbo cohort) and 73 patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC alone cohort) at Hiroaki University or Aomori Prefectural Hospital. In the neoadjuvant GCarbo cohort, patients underwent two 21-day cycles of GCarbo the two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were followed by radical cystectomy at an interval of 1 month.

Results

Of the enrolled patients, 165 (95.3 %) had renal impairment. The median age of the enrolled patients was 71 years, and the median follow-up period was 63 months. The 5-year overall survival rates for the GCarbo and the RC-alone cohorts were 79.5 and 53.8 %, respectively (P < 0.001), while the 5-year disease-free survival rates were 75.5 and 55.4 %, respectively (P = 0.013). Surgical specimens of 16 (16.3 %) patients in the GCarbo cohort indicated stage pT0 disease. The rate of positive surgical margins in the RC-alone cohort was significantly higher than that in the GCarbo cohort (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

In this study, the oncological outcomes were significantly improved in cisplatin-unfit patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who received neoadjuvant GCarbo chemotherapy, compared with those in patients who underwent RC alone. The standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, especially for patients who are unfit for cisplatin, may include neoadjuvant carboplatin chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy.

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Title: The utility of neoadjuvant gemcitabine plus carboplatin followed by immediate radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy
Authors: Hiromi Murasawa
Takuya Koie
Chikara Ohyama
Hayato Yamamoto
Atsushi Imai
Shingo Hatakeyama
Takahiro Yoneyama
Yasuhiro Hashimoto
Ikuya Iwabuchi
Masaru Ogasawara
Toshiaki Kawaguchi
Publication date: 01-02-2017
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1341-9625
Electronic ISSN: 1437-7772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-016-1029-2

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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