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International Journal of Clinical Oncology
Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology 1/2016

01-02-2016 | Original Article

Gender differences in colorectal cancer survival in Japan

Authors: Kenjiro Kotake, Michio Asano, Heita Ozawa, Hirotoshi Kobayashi, Kenichi Sugihara

Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

A gender difference in survival has been documented in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, although the underlying mechanism remains undefined. This study aimed to gain improved insight into this difference, with a special focus on improved cancer-specific survival.

Methods

The study population consisted of 82,402 patients with invasive CRC who had undergone surgery in Japan between 1985 and 2004. To estimate improved survival, multivariate adjustment using patient demographics and tumor characteristics was performed.

Results

Patient characteristics changed over time. The 5-year survival rates increased from 66.5 to 76.3 % during the study period. Higher survival rates persisted in women over time (multivariate-adjustment model—hazard ratio [HR] 0.87, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.85–0.90). Patients who received surgery during the period 2000–2004 had significantly longer survival than those during the period 1985–1989 (men: HR 0.70, 95 % CI 0.67–0.74; women: HR 0.72, 95 % CI 0.67–0.76). However, there was no gender difference regarding improved survival.

Conclusions

A reduced risk of cancer-specific death for women relative to men persisted over time; however, enhancement of survival was equally observed in both genders. Identification of factors associated with gender differences and changes over time in CRC survival may serve as targets for further improvement.
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Metadata
Title
Gender differences in colorectal cancer survival in Japan
Authors
Kenjiro Kotake
Michio Asano
Heita Ozawa
Hirotoshi Kobayashi
Kenichi Sugihara
Publication date
01-02-2016
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
International Journal of Clinical Oncology / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 1341-9625
Electronic ISSN: 1437-7772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-015-0868-6

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