Top

Published in:

01-08-2017 | Original Article

Mesenchymal stromal cell and osteoblast responses to oxidized titanium surfaces pre-treated with λ = 808 nm GaAlAs diode laser or chlorhexidine: in vitro study

Authors: Flaminia Chellini, Marco Giannelli, Alessia Tani, Lara Ballerini, Larissa Vallone, Daniele Nosi, Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini, Chiara Sassoli

Published in: Lasers in Medical Science | Issue 6/2017

Abstract

Preservation of implant biocompatibility following peri-implantitis treatments is a crucial issue in odontostomatological practice, being closely linked to implant re-osseointegration. Our aim was to assess the responses of osteoblast-like Saos2 cells and adult human bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to oxidized titanium surfaces (TiUnite^®, TiU) pre-treated with a 808 ± 10 nm GaAlAs diode laser operating in non-contact mode, in continuous (2 W, 400 J/cm²; CW) or pulsed (20 kHz, 7 μs, 0.44 W, 88 J/cm²; PW) wave, previously demonstrated to have a strong bactericidal effect and proposed as optional treatment for peri-implantitis. The biocompatibility of TiU surfaces pre-treated with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) was also evaluated. In particular, in order to mimic the in vivo approach, TiU surfaces were pre-treated with CHX (0.2%, 5 min); CHX and rinse; and CHX, rinse and air drying. In some experiments, the cells were cultured on untreated TiU before being exposed to CHX. Cell viability (MTS assay), proliferation (EdU incorporation assay; Ki67 confocal immunofluorescence analysis), adhesion (morphological analysis of actin cytoskeleton organization), and osteogenic differentiation (osteopontin confocal immunofluorescence analysis; mineralized bone-like nodule formation) analyses were performed. CHX resulted cytotoxic in all experimental conditions. Diode laser irradiation preserved TiU surface biocompatibility. Notably, laser treatment appeared even to improve the known osteoconductive properties of TiU surfaces. Within the limitations of an in vitro experimentation, this study contributes to provide additional experimental basis to support the potential use of 808 ± 10 nm GaAlAs diode laser at the indicated irradiation setting, in the treatment of peri-implantitis and to discourage the use of CHX.

Albrektsson T, Canullo L, Cochran D, De Bruyn H (2016) “Peri-Implantitis”: a complication of a foreign body or a man-made “disease”. Facts and fiction. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 18:840–849. doi:10.1111/cid.12427 CrossRefPubMed

Sousa V, Nibali L, Spratt D, Dopico J, Mardas N, Petrie A, Donos N (2016) Peri-implant and periodontal microbiome diversity in aggressive periodontitis patients: a pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res. doi:10.1111/clr.12834

Valderrama P, Blansett J, Gonzalez MG, Cantu MG, Wilson TG (2014) Detoxification of implant surfaces affected by peri-implant disease: an overview of non-surgical methods. Open Dental Journal 8:77–84. doi:10.2174/1874210601408010077 CrossRef

Yuan K, Chan YJ, Kung KC, Lee TM (2014) Comparison of osseointegration on various implant surfaces after bacterial contamination and cleaning: a rabbit study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 29:32–40. doi:10.11607/jomi.2436 CrossRefPubMed

Froum SJ, Dagba AS, Shi Y, Perez-Asenjo A, Rosen PS, Wang WC (2016) Successful surgical protocols in the treatment of peri-implantitis: a narrative review of the literature. Implant Dent 25:416–426. doi:10.1097/ID.0000000000000428 CrossRefPubMed

Htet M, Madi M, Zakaria O, Miyahara T, Xin W, Lin Z, Aoki K, Kasugai S (2016) Decontamination of anodized implant surface with different modalities for peri-implantitis treatment: lasers and mechanical debridement with citric acid. J Periodontol 87:953–961. doi:10.1902/jop.2016.150615 CrossRefPubMed

Lang MS, Cerutis DR, Miyamoto T, Nunn ME (2016) Cell attachment following instrumentation with titanium and plastic instruments, diode laser, and titanium brush on titanium, titanium-zirconium, and zirconia surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 31:799–806. doi:10.11607/jomi.4440 CrossRefPubMed

Ouanounou A, Hassanpour S, Glogauer M (2016) The influence of systemic medications on osseointegration of dental implants. J Can Dent Assoc 82:g7PubMed

Romanos G (2015) Current concepts in the use of lasers in periodontal and implant dentistry. J Indian Soc Periodontol 19:490–494. doi:10.4103/0972-124X.153471 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Romeo U, Nardi GM, Libotte F, Sabatini S, Palaia G, Grassi FR (2016) The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Int J Dent. doi:10.1155/2016/7692387

11.

Natto ZS, Aladmawy M, Levi PA Jr, Wang HL (2015) Comparison of the efficacy of different types of lasers for the treatment of peri-implantitis: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 30:338–345. doi:10.11607/jomi.3846 CrossRefPubMed

12.

Ashnagar S, Nowzari H, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H, Yaghoub Zadeh B, Chiniforush N, Choukhachi ZN (2014) Laser treatment of peri-implantitis: a literature review. J Lasers Med Sci 5:153–162PubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Kreisler M, Götz H, Duschne H (2002) Effect of Nd:YAG, Ho:YAG, Er:YAG, CO2, and GaAIAs laser irradiation on surface properties of endosseous dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 17:202–211PubMed

14.

Giannelli M, Lasagni M, Bani D (2015) Thermal effects of λ=808 nm GaAlAs diode laser irradiation on different titanium surfaces. Lasers Med Sci 30:2341–2352. doi:10.1007/s10103-015-1801-y CrossRefPubMed

15.

Rios FG, Viana ER, Ribeiro GM, González JC, Abelenda A, Peruzzo DC (2016) Temperature evaluation of dental implant surface irradiated with high-power diode laser. Lasers Med Sci 31:1309–1316. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1974-z CrossRefPubMed

16.

Gittens RA, Olivares-Navarrete R, McLachlan T, Cai Y, Hyzy SL, Schneider JM, Schwartz Z, Sandhage KH, Boyan BD (2012) Differential responses of osteoblast lineage cells to nanotopographically-modified, microroughened titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy surfaces. Biomaterials 33:8986–8994. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

17.

Kohal RJ, Bächle M, Att W, Chaar S, Altmann B, Renz A, Butz F (2013) Osteoblast and bone tissue response to surface modified zirconia and titanium implant materials. Dent Mater 29:763–776. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2013.04.003 CrossRefPubMed

18.

Feller L, Jadwat Y, Khammissa RA, Meyerov R, Schechter I, Lemmer J (2015) Cellular responses evoked by different surface characteristics of intraosseous titanium implants. Biomed Res Int. doi:10.1155/2015/171945

19.

Mailoa J, Lin GH, Chan HL, MacEachern M, Wang HL (2014) Clinical outcomes of using lasers for peri-implantitis surface detoxification: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 85:1194–1202. doi:10.1902/jop.2014.130620 CrossRefPubMed

20.

Mettraux GR, Sculean A, Bürgin WB, Salvi GE (2016) Two-year clinical outcomes following non-surgical mechanical therapy of peri-implantitis with adjunctive diode laser application. Clin Oral Implants Res 27:845–849. doi:10.1111/clr.12689 CrossRefPubMed

21.

Giannelli M, Landini G, Materassi F, Chellini F, Antonelli A, Tani A, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Rossolini GM, Bani D (2016) The effects of diode laser on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide adherent to titanium oxide surface of dental implants. An in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 31:1613–1619CrossRefPubMed

22.

Sharma A, McQuillan AJ, Sharma LA, Waddell JN, Shibata Y, Duncan WJ (2015) Spark anodization of titanium-zirconium alloy: surface characterization and bioactivity assessment. J Mater Sci Mater Med 26:221. doi:10.1007/s10856-015-5555-7 CrossRefPubMed

23.

Giannelli M, Pini A, Formigli L, Bani D (2011) Comparative in vitro study among the effects of different laser and LED irradiation protocols and conventional chlorhexidine treatment for deactivation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide adherent to titanium surface. Photomed Laser Surg 29:573–580. doi:10.1089/pho.2010.2958 CrossRefPubMed

24.

Ryu HS, Kim YI, Lim BS, Lim YJ, Ahn SJ (2015) Chlorhexidine uptake and release from modified titanium surfaces and its antimicrobial activity. J Periodontol 86:1268–1275. doi:10.1902/jop.2015.150075 CrossRefPubMed

25.

Urbani S, Caporale R, Lombardini L, Bosi A, Saccardi R (2006) Use of CFDA-SE for evaluating the in vitro proliferation pattern of human mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotherapy 8:243–253CrossRefPubMed

26.

Sassoli C, Chellini F, Squecco R, Tani A, Idrizaj E, Nosi D, Giannelli M, Zecchi-Orlandini S (2016) Low intensity 635 nm diode laser irradiation inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition reducing TRPC1 channel expression/activity: new perspectives for tissue fibrosis treatment. Lasers Surg Med 48:318–332. doi:10.1002/lsm.22441 CrossRefPubMed

27.

Giannelli M, Chellini F, Margheri M, Tonelli P, Tani A (2008) Effect of chlorhexidine digluconate on different cell types: a molecular and ultrastructural investigation. Toxicol in Vitro 22:308–317CrossRefPubMed

28.

Fujihara S, Yokozeki M, Oba Y, Higashibata Y, Nomura S, Moriyama K (2006) Function and regulation of osteopontin in response to mechanical stress. J Bone Miner Res 21:956–964CrossRefPubMed

29.

Davies JE (2003) Understanding peri-implant endosseous healing. J Dent Educ 67:932–949PubMed

30.

Subramani K, Wismeijer D (2012) Decontamination of titanium implant surface and re-osseointegration to treat peri-implantitis: a literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 27:1043–1054PubMed

31.

Meyle J (2012) Mechanical, chemical and laser treatments of the implant surface in the presence of marginal bone loss around implants. Eur J Oral Implantol 5:S71–S81PubMed

32.

Naddeo P, Laino L, La Noce M, Piattelli A, De Rosa A, Iezzi G, Laino G, Paino F, Papaccio G, Tirino V (2015) Surface biocompatibility of differently textured titanium implants with mesenchymal stem cells. Dent Mater 31:235–243. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2014.12.015 CrossRefPubMed

33.

Romanos GE, Everts H, Nentwig GH (2000) Effects of diode and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on titanium discs: a scanning electron microscope examination. J Periodontol 71:810–815CrossRefPubMed

34.

Terriza A, Díaz-Cuenca A, Yubero F, Barranco A, González-Elipe AR, Gonzalez Caballero JL, Vilches J, Salido M (2013) Light induced hydrophilicity and osteoblast adhesion promotion on amorphous TiO2. J Biomed Mater Res 101:1026–1035. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.34405 CrossRef

35.

Allegrini S Jr, Yoshimoto M, Salles MB, de Almeida Bressiani AH (2014) Biologic response to titanium implants with laser-treated surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 29:63–70. doi:10.11607/jomi.3213 CrossRefPubMed

36.

Lorenzetti M, Dakischew O, Trinkaus K, Lips KS, Schnettler R, Kobe S, Novak S (2015) Enhanced osteogenesis on titanium implants by UVB photofunctionalization of hydrothermally grown TiO₂ coatings. J Biomater Appl 30:71–84. doi:10.1177/0885328215569091 CrossRefPubMed

37.

Flanagan D (2016) Photofunctionalization of dental implants. J Oral Implantol 42:445–450CrossRefPubMed

38.

John G, Becker J, Schwarz F (2014) Effects of taurolidine and chlorhexidine on SaOS-2 cells and human gingival fibroblasts grown on implant surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 29:728–734. doi:10.11607/jomi.2956 CrossRefPubMed

39.

Park JB, Lee G, Yun BG, Kim CH, Ko Y (2014) Comparative effects of chlorhexidine and essential oils containing mouth rinse on stem cells cultured on a titanium surface. Mol Med Rep 9:1249–1253. doi:10.3892/mmr.2014.1971 PubMed

40.

Vörös P, Dobrindt O, Perka C, Windisch C, Matziolis G, Röhner E (2014) Human osteoblast damage after antiseptic treatment. Int Orthop 38:177–182CrossRefPubMed

41.

Kozlovsky A, Artzi Z, Moses O, Kamin-Belsky N, Greenstein RB (2006) Interaction of chlorhexidine with smooth and rough types of titanium surfaces. J Periodontol 77:1194–1200CrossRefPubMed

42.

Cline NV, Layman DL (1992) The effects of chlorhexidine on the attachment and growth of cultured human periodontal cells. J Periodontol 63:598–602CrossRefPubMed

43.

Röhner E, Hoff P, Gaber T, Lang A, Vörös P, Buttgereit F, Perka C, Windisch C, Matziolis G (2015) Cytokine expression in human osteoblasts after antiseptic treatment: a comparative study between polyhexanide and chlorhexidine. J Investig Surg 28:1–7. doi:10.3109/08941939.2014.941445 CrossRef

44.

Ellepola AN, Chandy R, Khan ZU (2016) In vitro impact of limited exposure to subtherapeutic concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate on the adhesion-associated attributes of oral Candida species. Med Princ Pract 25:355–362. doi:10.1159/000445688 CrossRefPubMed

45.

Balloni S, Locci P, Lumare A, Marinucci L (2016) Cytotoxicity of three commercial mouthrinses on extracellular matrix metabolism and human gingival cell behaviour. Toxicol in Vitro 34:88–96. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2016.03.015 CrossRefPubMed

Title: Mesenchymal stromal cell and osteoblast responses to oxidized titanium surfaces pre-treated with λ = 808 nm GaAlAs diode laser or chlorhexidine: in vitro study
Authors: Flaminia Chellini
Marco Giannelli
Alessia Tani
Lara Ballerini
Larissa Vallone
Daniele Nosi
Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
Chiara Sassoli
Publication date: 01-08-2017
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Lasers in Medical Science / Issue 6/2017
Print ISSN: 0268-8921
Electronic ISSN: 1435-604X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2243-5

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Mesenchymal stromal cell and osteoblast responses to oxidized titanium surfaces pre-treated with λ = 808 nm GaAlAs diode laser or chlorhexidine: in vitro study

Abstract

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 6/2017

BMLA Abstracts 2017

Photodynamic therapy controls of Staphylococcus aureus intradermal infection in mice

Endoluminal laser-assisted vascular anastomosis—an in vivo study in a pig model

Digital imaging information technology for biospeckle activity assessment relative to bacteria and parasites

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of combined bipolar radiofrequency and optical energies vs. optical energy alone for the treatment of aging hands

Preclinical study of a cost-effective photodynamic therapy protocol for treating oral candidoses