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Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2/2016

01-06-2016 | Original Article

Influence of bone density and implant drill diameter on the resulting axial force and temperature development in implant burs and artificial bone: an in vitro study

Authors: Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich, Mustapha Abouridouane, Nicole Heussen, Ali Modabber, Fritz Klocke, Frank Hölzle

Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Issue 2/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine how the bone density affects the temperature development in artificial bone and drill.

Methods

Ten single drills with diameters of 2.2, 2.8, 3.5, and 4.2 mm were used on four artificial bone blocks (density I–IV), with constant speed and external irrigation. Temperature measurement in blocks and drills was done by infrared camera. The resultant axial force was measured, and light microscopic examinations of the drills were performed before and after preparation.

Results

The block density has a greater influence on resulting axial force than the drill diameter (D1 = 2.2 mm, 4.11 ± 0.64 N; 4.2 mm, 9.69 ± 0.78 N vs. D4 = 2.2 mm, 0.5 ± 0.18 N; 4.2 mm, 1.23 ± 0.08 N). For the narrowest drill, a decrease in bone density caused a significant temperature increase in the bone and drill. However, for the thickest drill, no thermal differences were found in the bone but were seen in the drill itself (D1 = 2.8 mm vs. D4 = 2.8 mm; bone p < 0.0001, drill p < 0.0001; D1 = 4.2 mm vs. D4 = 4.2 mm; bone p = 0.5366, drill p = 0.0411). An increase in the drill diameter in the highest bone density led to a significant thermal increase in the bone and drill. However, for the lowest bone density, thermal changes were observed only in the bone (D1 = 2.8 mm vs. D1 = 4.2 mm; bone p < 0.0001, drill p < 0.0001; D4 = 2.8 mm vs. D4 = 4.2 mm; bone p < 0.0102, drill p = 0.1784).

Conclusions

Thermal development depends on bone density with increasing density causing a temperature rise. However, this effect is reduced with increasing drill diameter. This may be important with regard to bone reactions and also in terms of tool wear.
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Metadata
Title
Influence of bone density and implant drill diameter on the resulting axial force and temperature development in implant burs and artificial bone: an in vitro study
Authors
Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich
Mustapha Abouridouane
Nicole Heussen
Ali Modabber
Fritz Klocke
Frank Hölzle
Publication date
01-06-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 1865-1550
Electronic ISSN: 1865-1569
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-015-0536-z

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