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Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 3/2004

01-05-2004 | Übersicht

Rechnergestützte Modellbauverfahren zur Planung ausgedehnter Rekonstruktionseingriffe im Schädelbereich

Übersicht und Indikationsevaluation zum klinischen Einsatz

Authors: Priv. Doz. Dr. Dr. J. S. Bill, J. F. Reuther

Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Issue 3/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Fragestellung

Aus dem Gesamtgut von Patienten, die mit Unterstützung rechnergesteuert hergestellter Schädelmodelle behandelt worden sind, soll der Indikationsbereich der dargestellten Planungsverfahren definiert werden.

Patientengut, Material und Methode

An der Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg werden seit 1987 Verfahren des rechnergesteuerten Organmodellbaus in der Planung und Durchführung operativer Eingriffe entwickelt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Untersuchung erfolgte zunächst die Bestimmung der statistisch belegbaren und reproduzierbaren anatomisch-metrischen Präzision von medizinischen Organmodellen am Schweineschädelmodell in Abhängigkeit von den CT-Parametern und dem Modellbauverfahren.

Ergebnisse

Messungen am Stereolithographiemodell und am Lasersintermodell bestätigen eine Dimensionsabweichung unabhängig von der Datenerfassungsart und des Modellbauverfahrens durchschnittlich unterhalb von ±0,88 mm bzw. 2,7% (max. Gesamtabweichung −3,0 mm bis +3,2 mm). Bei gleicher Präzision der Modelle ist die Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT der konventionellen Spiral-CT in der Datenakquisition für den Organmodellbau aufgrund der höheren Datenerfassungsrate vorzuziehen. Im Zeitraum von 1990 bis 2002 wurden für insgesamt 122 Patienten 127 Organmodelle angefertigt: Bei 112 Patienten wurden Stereolithographiemodelle hergestellt, bei zwei Patienten ein weiteres Stereolithographiemodell, bei zwei Patienten zusätzlich ein Lasersintermodell, bei einem Patienten zusätzlich ein Fräsmodell sowie bei zehn Patienten alleinig ein Lasersintermodell.

Schlussfolgerung

Insbesondere in der Rekonstruktionschirurgie, der Distraktionsosteogenese—auch im Mittelgesichtsbereich—und der dentalen Implantologie wird das in der vorliegenden Untersuchung vorgestellte Indikationsspektrum im praktischen Einsatz und in der Literatur bestätigt. Die Operationsplanung am Organmodell sollte aufgrund der Strahlenbelastung und der hohen Kosten grundsätzlich nur im Einzelfall begründet indiziert sein. Ein routinemäßiger Einsatz dieser Technik scheint nur in der Rekonstruktion von Schädeldach- und Gesichtsschädeldefekten und in der Distraktionsosteogenese sinnvoll.
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Metadata
Title
Rechnergestützte Modellbauverfahren zur Planung ausgedehnter Rekonstruktionseingriffe im Schädelbereich
Übersicht und Indikationsevaluation zum klinischen Einsatz
Authors
Priv. Doz. Dr. Dr. J. S. Bill
J. F. Reuther
Publication date
01-05-2004
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Issue 3/2004
Print ISSN: 1865-1550
Electronic ISSN: 1865-1569
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-004-0541-0

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