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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 12/2012

01-12-2012 | Original Contribution

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adaptation night as determinants of sleep patterns in children

Authors: Roumen Kirov, Henrik Uebel, Bjoern Albrecht, Tobias Banaschewski, Juliana Yordanova, Aribert Rothenberger

Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry | Issue 12/2012

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Abstract

Sleep problems are a prominent feature in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but their relationships to sleep structure are not consistent across studies. We aimed at further examining the sleep architecture in children with ADHD, while considering the role of the first-night effect (FNE) as a possible confounder. Twenty unmedicated children with ADHD combined type (8–15 years old; mean 11.24, SD 2.31) and 19 healthy controls, matched for age and gender, underwent polysomnography during an adaptation and a consecutive second night. ADHD and controls displayed a typical FNE without group differences. Independently of testing night, children with ADHD spent more time in sleep and had shortened rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency and a greater amount of REM sleep relative to controls. However, the increased REM sleep amount in ADHD children was more expressed in the second night when it was also significantly related to scores of inattention and hyperactivity. Our results (1) document similar sleep adaptation processes in children with ADHD and typically developing children, (2) reveal that REM sleep changes in association with ADHD-specific psychopathology may characterize sleep in ADHD children, which is evident only when the FNE is accounted for, (3) indicate that ADHD psychopathology and adaptation night may exert opposite effects on REM sleep in children. These results may prompt the awareness of clinicians about the importance of actual sleep alterations and their precise evaluation in children with ADHD, which could significantly contribute to better diagnostic, treatment and early prevention strategies.
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Metadata
Title
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adaptation night as determinants of sleep patterns in children
Authors
Roumen Kirov
Henrik Uebel
Bjoern Albrecht
Tobias Banaschewski
Juliana Yordanova
Aribert Rothenberger
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry / Issue 12/2012
Print ISSN: 1018-8827
Electronic ISSN: 1435-165X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-012-0308-3

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