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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

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01-07-2007 | ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION

Comorbidity of tic disorders & ADHD

Conceptual and methodological considerations

Authors: Prof. Dr. Dr. Tobias Banaschewski, Benjamin M. Neale, Aribert Rothenberger, Veit Roessner

Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry | Special Issue 1/2007

Abstract

Background

The causes and pathophysiological mechanisms of the common comorbidity of tic disorders and Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (TD + ADHD; about 50% of TD, about 20% of ADHD) still remain unclear. Studies with a 2 × 2 design comparing groups of children with TD, ADHD, TD + ADHD and healthy controls are in need and may disentangle the influences of TD versus ADHD in the case of comorbidity. Unfortunately, conceptual and methodological problems can restrain possible conclusions from these studies.

Method

A review of the literature on artifactual and non-artifactual models of comorbidity in general and specially for TD + ADHD was conducted.

Results

The first section describes various possible models of comorbidity and their corresponding hypotheses concerning expected patterns of findings comparing groups of children with TD, ADHD, TD + ADHD and healthy controls. In the second part research results concerning psychopathological, neuropsychological, neurophysiological, structural and functional imaging, as well as genetic characteristics are summarized. In the third section possible conclusions and their limitations due to conceptual and methodological problems possibly contributing to the ambiguous results are discussed. Finally, future research strategies and the need for full causal models are outlined.

Conclusion

Some components of the etiological pathways of TD + ADHD may well be shared with the ‘pure’ conditions while others may be unique.

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Title: Comorbidity of tic disorders & ADHD
Conceptual and methodological considerations
Authors: Prof. Dr. Dr. Tobias Banaschewski
Benjamin M. Neale
Aribert Rothenberger
Veit Roessner
Publication date: 01-07-2007
Publisher: Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry / Issue Special Issue 1/2007
Print ISSN: 1018-8827
Electronic ISSN: 1435-165X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-007-1002-8

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

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Comorbidity of tic disorders & ADHD

Conceptual and methodological considerations

Abstract

Background

Method

Results

Conclusion

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Abstract

Background

Method

Results

Conclusion

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