Top

Published in:

01-12-2009 | Original Contribution

Validation of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale for adolescent mothers

Authors: M. Cynthia Logsdon, Wayne M. Usui, Michael Nering

Published in: Archives of Women's Mental Health | Issue 6/2009

Abstract

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale has widespread use internationally with adult women, but few psychometric properties have been described for samples of adolescent mothers. The purpose of this paper is to validate the psychometric properties of the EPDS in a sample of adolescent mothers (n = 149) in a southern, urban area of the United States. Internal consistency reliability was .88. Principal components analysis supported a two factor structure accounting for 60% of variance. Results of item response theory analysis suggest that the EPDS and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale have similar psychometric properties. This data can be used to provide evidence of construct validity of the EPDS. The study provides a foundation for further psychometric testing of the instrument.

Allen Guttmacher Institute. US Teenage Pregnancy Statistics. Available at: www.agi-usa.org/teen-preg/special report.html. Retrieved April 29, 2008.

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. American Psychiatric Association.

Beck AT (1973) The diagnosis and management of depression. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia

Beck CT, Gable RK (2001) Further validation of the postpartum depression screening scale. Nurs Res 50:155–164CrossRefPubMed

Bernstein IH, Rush AJ, Yonkers K, Carmody TJ, Woo A, McConnell K, Trivedi MH (2008) Symptom features of postpartum depression: Are they distinct? Depress Anxiety 25:20–26CrossRefPubMed

Birkeland R, Thompson JK, Phares V (2005) Adolescent motherhood and postpartum depression. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 34:292–300CrossRef

Brouwers EP, van Baar AL, Pop VJ (2001) Does the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale measure anxiety? J Psychosom Res 51:659–663CrossRefPubMed

Carmines EG, Zeller RA (1979) Reliability and validity assessment. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA

Carpenter JS, Andrykowski MA, Wilson J, Hall LA, Rayens MK, Sachs B, Cunningham LLC (1998) Psychometrics for two short forms of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Issues Ment Health Nurs 19:481–494CrossRefPubMed

Cassidy B, Zoccolillo M, Hughes S (1996) Psychopathology in adolescent mothers and its effects on mother-infant interactions: A pilot study. Can J Psychiatry 41:379–384PubMed

Clemmens D (2003) Adolescent motherhood: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Am J Matern Child Nurs 28:93–99CrossRef

Clemmens D (2002) Adolescent mother’s depression after the birth of their babies: Weathering the storm. Adolescence 37:551–565PubMed

Cox JL, Chapman G, Murray D, Jones P (1996) Validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) in non-postnatal women. J Affect Disord 39:185–189CrossRefPubMed

Cox JL, Holden JM (2003) Perinatal mental health: A guide to the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. The Royal College of Psychiatrists, London

Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R (1987) Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Br J Psychiatry 150:782–786CrossRefPubMed

De Rosa N, Logsdon MC (2006) A comparison of screening instruments for depression in postpartum adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 19:13–20CrossRef

DeVon HA, Block ME, Moyle-Wright P, Ernst DM, Hayden SJ, Lazzara DJ, Savoy SM, Kostas-Polston E (2007) A psychometric toolbox for testing validity and reliability. J Nurs Scholarship 39:155–164CrossRef

Eshbaugh EM (2006) Predictors of depressive symptomatology among low income adolescent mothers. Arch Women’s Ment Health 9:339–342CrossRef

Evins GG, Theofrastous JP, Galvin SL (2000) Postpartum depression: A comparison of screening and routine clinical evaluation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 182:1080–1082CrossRefPubMed

Figueiredo B, Pacheco A, Costa R (2007) Depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period in adolescent and adult Portugese mothers. Arch Women’s Ment Health 10:103–110CrossRef

Flanagan PJ, McGrath MM, Meyer EC, Garcia Coll CT (1995) Adolescent development and transitions to motherhood. Pediatrics 96:273–277PubMed

Garrison CZ, Addy A, Jackson KL, McKeown R, Waller JL (1991) The CES-D as a screen for depression and other psychiatric disorders in adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 30:636–41PubMed

Gaynes, B.N., Gavin, N., Meltzer-Brody, S., Lohr, K.N., Swinson, T.G., Brody, S. & Miller, W.C. (2005). Perinal depression: Prevalence, screening accuracy, and screening outcomes. Evidence Report. Assessment number 119. (Prepared by the RTI-University of North Carolina Evidence Based Practice Center, under contract no. 290-02-0016.) Rockville, Md: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Hambleton RK, Swaminathan H (1985) Item Response Theory: Principles and Applications. Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing, Boston

Harrington AR, Greene-Harrington CC (2007) Health Start screens for depression among urban pregnant, postpartum, and interconceptual women. J Natl Med Assoc 99:226–231PubMed

Koniak-Griffin D, Walker DS, de Traversay J (1996) Predictors of depression symptoms in pregnant adolescents. J Perinatol 16:1–6

Lesser J, Anderson NL, Koniak-Griffin D (1998) “Sometimes you just don’t feel ready to be an adult or a Mom”: the experience of adolescent pregnancy. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nur 11:7–16CrossRef

Lesser J, Koniak-Griffin D, Anderson N (1999) Depressed adolescent mothers’ perceptions of their own maternal role. Issues Ment Health Nurs 20:131–149CrossRefPubMed

Letourneau N (2001) Improving adolescent parent-infant interactions: A pilot study. J Pediatr Nurs 16:53–62CrossRefPubMed

Lewinsohn PM, Rohde P, Seeley JR, Klein DN, Gotlib IH (2000) Natural course of adolescent major depressive disorder in a community sample: Predictors of recurrence in young adults. Am J Psychiatry 157:154–1591CrossRef

Linacre, M. (2009). WINSTSEPS: Multiple-choice, rating scale, and partial credit Rasch analysis (www.winsteps.com).

Logsdon MC, Birkimer JC, Simpson T, Looney S (2005) Postpartum depression and social support in adolescents. Journal Obstet Gynecol, Neonatal Nur 34:46–54CrossRef

Logsdon MC, Cross R, Williams B, Simpson T (2004) Predictors of postpartum social support and symptoms of depression in pregnant adolescents: A pilot study. J Sch Nurs 20:36–42CrossRefPubMed

Mercer R (1985) The process of maternal role attainment over the first year. Nurs Res 34:198–204CrossRefPubMed

Miller L (1998) Depression among pregnant adolescents. Psychiatr Serv 49:970PubMed

Morris-Rush JK, Freda MC, Bernstein PS (2003) Screening for postpartum depression in an inner city population. Am J Obst Gynecol 188:1217–1219CrossRef

Munro BH (2005) Statistical methods for health care research, 4th edn. Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins, Philadelphia

Nunnally JC, Bernstein LH (1994) Psychometric theory, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York

Ostini R, Nering M (2006) Polytomous item response theory models. Sage, Thousand Oaks, Ca

Pallant JF, Miller RL, Tennant A (2006) Evaluation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Using Rasch Analysis. BMC Psychiatry 6:28–38CrossRefPubMed

Panzarine S, Slater E, Sharps P (1995) Coping, social support, and depressive symptoms in adolescent mothers. J Adolesc Health 17:113–119CrossRefPubMed

Paskewicz L (2001) Pregnant adolescents and their mothers: A shared experience of mothering. Am J Matern Child Nursing 26:33–38CrossRef

Prescott CA, McArdle JJ, Hishinuma ES, Johnson RC, Miyamoto RH, Andrade NN, Edman JL, Makini GK Jr, Nahulu LB, Yuen NYC, Carlton BS (2004) Prediction of major depression and dysthymia from CES-D scores among ethnic minority adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 37:495–503

Quinlivan JA, Luehr B, Evans SF (2004) Teenage mother’s predictions of their support levels before and actual support levels after having a child. J Pediatr Adolesc. Gynecol 17:273–278CrossRefPubMed

Radloff LS (1977) The CES-D Scale: A sef-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1:385–401CrossRef

Radloff LS, Locke BZ (1986) The community mental health assessment survey and the CES-D scale. In: Weissmann MM, Myers JK, Ross CE (eds) Community surveys of psychiatric disorders. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ, pp 177–189

Reckase MD (1985) The difficulty of test items that measure more than one ability. Appl Psychol Meas 9:401–412CrossRef

Reid V, Meadows-Oliver M (2007) Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers: An integrative review of the literature. J Pediatr Health Care 21:289–298CrossRefPubMed

Roberts RE, Lewinsohn PM, Seeley JR (1991) Screening for adolescent depression: A comparison of depression scales. Journal of American Academy of Adolescent Psychiatry 30:58–66CrossRef

Ross LE, Gilbert Evans SE, Sellers EM, Romach MK (2003) Measurement issues in postpartum depression Part 1: Anxiety as a feature of postpartum depression. Archives of Women’s Mental Health 6:51–57CrossRefPubMed

Schmidt RM, Wiemann CM, Rickert VI, Smith EO (2006) Moderate to severe depressive symptoms among adolescent mothers followed four years postpartum. J Adolesc Health 38:712–718CrossRefPubMed

Shanok AF, Miller L (2005) Fighting and depression among poor pregnant adolescents. J Reprod Infant Psychol 23:207–218CrossRef

Steer RA, Scholl TO, Beck AT (1990) Revised Beck Depression Inventory scores of inner-city adolescents. Pre-and postpartum. Psychol Rep 66:315–320CrossRefPubMed

United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2000). Healthy People 2010. 2nd ed. With understanding and improving health and objectives for improving health. 2 vols. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Wenzel A, Haugen EN, Jackson LC, Robinson K (2003) Prevalence of generalized anxiety at eight weeks postpartum. Archives of Women’s Mental Health 6:43–49CrossRefPubMed

Title: Validation of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale for adolescent mothers
Authors: M. Cynthia Logsdon
Wayne M. Usui
Michael Nering
Publication date: 01-12-2009
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Published in: Archives of Women's Mental Health / Issue 6/2009
Print ISSN: 1434-1816
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1102
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-009-0096-z

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Validation of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale for adolescent mothers

Abstract

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 6/2009

PTSD and postpartum mental health in a sample of Caucasian, Asian, and Pacific Islander women

Population-specific functional variant of the TPH2 gene 2755C>A polymorphism contributes risk association to major depression and anxiety in Chinese peripartum women

Reasons women give for abortion: a review of the literature

Zolpidem (Ambien®) in pregnancy: placental passage and outcome

Introducing abortion patients to a culture of support: a pilot study

Maternally focused worry