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Open Access 01-08-2018 | Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review Article

The serotonergic system in Parkinson’s patients with dyskinesia: evidence from imaging studies

Authors: Gennaro Pagano, Flavia Niccolini, Marios Politis

Published in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Issue 8/2018

ABSTRACT

The purpose of review is to review the current status of positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging of serotonergic system in Parkinson’s patients who experience levodopa-induced (LIDs) and graft-induced dyskinesias (GIDs). PET imaging studies have shown that Parkinson’s disease is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. Parkinson’s patients who experienced LIDs and GIDs have an aberrant spreading of serotonergic terminals, which lead to an increased serotonergic/dopaminergic terminals ratio within the putamen. Serotonergic terminals convert exogenous levodopa into dopamine in a non-physiological manner and release an abnormal amount of dopamine without an auto-regulatory feedback. This results in higher swings in synaptic levels of dopamine, which leads to the development of LIDs and GIDs. The modulation of serotonergic terminals with 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_1B receptors agonists partially reduced these motor complications. In vivo PET studies confirmed that abnormal spreading of serotonergic terminals within the putamen has a pivotal role in the development of LIDs and GIDs. However, glutamatergic, adenosinergic, opioid systems, and phosphodiesterases 10A may also play a role in the development of these motor complications. An integrative multimodal imaging approach combining PET and MRI imaging techniques is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the development of LIDs and GIDs.

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Title: The serotonergic system in Parkinson’s patients with dyskinesia: evidence from imaging studies
Authors: Gennaro Pagano
Flavia Niccolini
Marios Politis
Publication date: 01-08-2018
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Published in: Journal of Neural Transmission / Issue 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1823-7

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