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Supportive Care in Cancer
Published in: Supportive Care in Cancer 12/2007

01-12-2007 | Review Article

Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients

Author: Harry Raftopoulos

Published in: Supportive Care in Cancer | Issue 12/2007

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Abstract

Background

Hyponatremia is among the metabolic disturbances encountered in oncology. Risk factors for hyponatremia include chemotherapy, treatment-induced nausea and vomiting, hydration, pain, narcotic drugs, and physical and emotional stress. A common cause of hyponatremia in patients with cancer is the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which may result from ectopic production of arginine vasopressin (AVP) by the tumor tissue.

Treatment

The AVP-receptor antagonists, a new class of agents, correct hyponatremia by directly blocking the binding of AVP with its receptors. In clinical trials, conivaptan, lixivaptan, tolvaptan, and satavaptan have increased serum osmolality and normalized the serum [Na+] in hyponatremia associated with SIADH, cirrhosis, or congestive heart failure. These drugs may have a potential in cancer-related hyponatremia as well.
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Metadata
Title
Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients
Author
Harry Raftopoulos
Publication date
01-12-2007
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Supportive Care in Cancer / Issue 12/2007
Print ISSN: 0941-4355
Electronic ISSN: 1433-7339
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-007-0309-9

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