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Pediatric Nephrology
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 1/2019

Open Access 01-01-2019 | Review

Exosomes and microvesicles in normal physiology, pathophysiology, and renal diseases

Authors: Anne-lie Ståhl, Karl Johansson, Maria Mossberg, Robin Kahn, Diana Karpman

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived membrane particles ranging from 30 to 5,000 nm in size, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. They are released under physiological conditions, but also upon cellular activation, senescence, and apoptosis. They play an important role in intercellular communication. Their release may also maintain cellular integrity by ridding the cell of damaging substances. This review describes the biogenesis, uptake, and detection of extracellular vesicles in addition to the impact that they have on recipient cells, focusing on mechanisms important in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases, such as thrombosis, angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, immune modulation, and inflammation. In kidney diseases, extracellular vesicles may be utilized as biomarkers, as they are detected in both blood and urine. Furthermore, they may contribute to the pathophysiology of renal disease while also having beneficial effects associated with tissue repair. Because of their role in the promotion of thrombosis, inflammation, and immune-mediated disease, they could be the target of drug therapy, whereas their favorable effects could be utilized therapeutically in acute and chronic kidney injury.
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Metadata
Title
Exosomes and microvesicles in normal physiology, pathophysiology, and renal diseases
Authors
Anne-lie Ståhl
Karl Johansson
Maria Mossberg
Robin Kahn
Diana Karpman
Publication date
01-01-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3816-z

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