Normalization of glomerular filtration rate in obese children

go back to reference Savino A, Pelliccia P, Chiarelli F, Mohn A (2010) Obesity-related renal injury in childhood. Horm Res Paediatr 73:303–311CrossRefPubMed Savino A, Pelliccia P, Chiarelli F, Mohn A (2010) Obesity-related renal injury in childhood. Horm Res Paediatr 73:303–311CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Levey AS, Kramer H (2010) Obesity, glomerular hyperfiltration, and the surface area correction. Am J Kidney Dis 56:255–258CrossRefPubMed Levey AS, Kramer H (2010) Obesity, glomerular hyperfiltration, and the surface area correction. Am J Kidney Dis 56:255–258CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference McIntosh JF, Möller E, Van Slyke DD (1928) Studies of urea excretion. III: The influence of body size on urea output. J Clin Invest 6:467–483CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral McIntosh JF, Möller E, Van Slyke DD (1928) Studies of urea excretion. III: The influence of body size on urea output. J Clin Invest 6:467–483CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Delanaye P, Mariat C, Cavalier E, Krzesinski J-M (2009) Errors induced by indexing glomerular filtration rate for body surface area: reductio ad absurdum. Nephrol Dial Transpl 24:3593–3596CrossRef Delanaye P, Mariat C, Cavalier E, Krzesinski J-M (2009) Errors induced by indexing glomerular filtration rate for body surface area: reductio ad absurdum. Nephrol Dial Transpl 24:3593–3596CrossRef

go back to reference Heaf JG (2007) The origin of the 1 x 73-m2 body surface area normalization: problems and implications. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 27:135–137CrossRefPubMed Heaf JG (2007) The origin of the 1 x 73-m2 body surface area normalization: problems and implications. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 27:135–137CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Hallynck TH, Soep HH, Thomis JA, Boelaert J, Daneels R, Dettli L (1981) Should clearance be normalised to body surface or to lean body mass? Br J Clin Pharmacol 11:523–526CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hallynck TH, Soep HH, Thomis JA, Boelaert J, Daneels R, Dettli L (1981) Should clearance be normalised to body surface or to lean body mass? Br J Clin Pharmacol 11:523–526CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Delanaye P, Krzesinski J-M (2011) Indexing of renal function parameters by body surface area: intelligence or folly? Nephron Clin Pract 119:c289–292CrossRefPubMed Delanaye P, Krzesinski J-M (2011) Indexing of renal function parameters by body surface area: intelligence or folly? Nephron Clin Pract 119:c289–292CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Ruggieri G, Rocca AR (2010) Analysis of past and present methods of measuring and estimating body surface area and the resulting evaluation of its doubtful suitability to universal application. Blood Purif 30:296–305CrossRefPubMed Ruggieri G, Rocca AR (2010) Analysis of past and present methods of measuring and estimating body surface area and the resulting evaluation of its doubtful suitability to universal application. Blood Purif 30:296–305CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Wuerzner G, Bochud M, Giusti V, Burnier M (2011) Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in obese patients: pitfalls and potential consequences on drug therapy. Obes Facts 4:238–243CrossRefPubMed Wuerzner G, Bochud M, Giusti V, Burnier M (2011) Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in obese patients: pitfalls and potential consequences on drug therapy. Obes Facts 4:238–243CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Soares AA, Prates AB, Weinert LS, Veronese FV, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP (2013) Reference values for glomerular filtration rate in healthy Brazilian adults. BMC Nephrol 14:54CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Soares AA, Prates AB, Weinert LS, Veronese FV, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP (2013) Reference values for glomerular filtration rate in healthy Brazilian adults. BMC Nephrol 14:54CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Peters AM, Perry L, Hooker CA, Howard B, Neilly MDJ, Seshadri N, Sobnack R, Irwin A, Snelling H, Gruning T, Patel NH, Lawson RS, Shabo G, Williams N, Dave S, Barnfield MC (2012) Extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate in 1878 healthy potential renal transplant donors: effects of age, gender, obesity and scaling. Nephrol Dial Transpl 27:1429–1437CrossRef Peters AM, Perry L, Hooker CA, Howard B, Neilly MDJ, Seshadri N, Sobnack R, Irwin A, Snelling H, Gruning T, Patel NH, Lawson RS, Shabo G, Williams N, Dave S, Barnfield MC (2012) Extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate in 1878 healthy potential renal transplant donors: effects of age, gender, obesity and scaling. Nephrol Dial Transpl 27:1429–1437CrossRef

go back to reference Si H, Lei Z, Li S, Liu J, Geng J, Chen S (2013) Lean body mass is better than body surface area in correcting GFR. Clin Nucl Med 38:e210–215CrossRefPubMed Si H, Lei Z, Li S, Liu J, Geng J, Chen S (2013) Lean body mass is better than body surface area in correcting GFR. Clin Nucl Med 38:e210–215CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Redal-Baigorri B, Rasmussen K, Heaf JG (2013) The use of absolute values improves performance of estimation formulae: a retrospective cross sectional study. BMC Nephrol 14:271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Redal-Baigorri B, Rasmussen K, Heaf JG (2013) The use of absolute values improves performance of estimation formulae: a retrospective cross sectional study. BMC Nephrol 14:271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Anastasio P, Spitali L, Frangiosa A, Molino D, Stellato D, Cirillo E, Pollastro RM, Capodicasa L, Sepe J, Federico P, Gaspare De Santo N (2000) Glomerular filtration rate in severely overweight normotensive humans. Am J Kidney Dis 35:1144–1148CrossRefPubMed Anastasio P, Spitali L, Frangiosa A, Molino D, Stellato D, Cirillo E, Pollastro RM, Capodicasa L, Sepe J, Federico P, Gaspare De Santo N (2000) Glomerular filtration rate in severely overweight normotensive humans. Am J Kidney Dis 35:1144–1148CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Wuerzner G, Pruijm M, Maillard M, Bovet P, Renaud C, Burnier M, Bochud M (2010) Marked association between obesity and glomerular hyperfiltration: a cross-sectional study in an African population. Am J Kidney Dis 56:303–312CrossRefPubMed Wuerzner G, Pruijm M, Maillard M, Bovet P, Renaud C, Burnier M, Bochud M (2010) Marked association between obesity and glomerular hyperfiltration: a cross-sectional study in an African population. Am J Kidney Dis 56:303–312CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Janmahasatian S, Duffull SB, Chagnac A, Kirkpatrick CMJ, Green B (2008) Lean body mass normalizes the effect of obesity on renal function. Br J Clin Pharmacol 65:964–965CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Janmahasatian S, Duffull SB, Chagnac A, Kirkpatrick CMJ, Green B (2008) Lean body mass normalizes the effect of obesity on renal function. Br J Clin Pharmacol 65:964–965CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Duffull SB, Dooley MJ, Green B, Poole SG, Kirkpatrick CMJ (2004) A standard weight descriptor for dose adjustment in the obese patient. Clin Pharmacokinet 43:1167–1178CrossRefPubMed Duffull SB, Dooley MJ, Green B, Poole SG, Kirkpatrick CMJ (2004) A standard weight descriptor for dose adjustment in the obese patient. Clin Pharmacokinet 43:1167–1178CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Eriksen BO, Melsom T, Mathisen UD, Jenssen TG, Solbu MD, Toft I (2011) GFR normalized to total body water allows comparisons across genders and body sizes. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:1517–1525CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Eriksen BO, Melsom T, Mathisen UD, Jenssen TG, Solbu MD, Toft I (2011) GFR normalized to total body water allows comparisons across genders and body sizes. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:1517–1525CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Delanaye P, Radermecker RP, Rorive M, Depas G, Krzesinski JM (2005) Indexing glomerular filtration rate for body surface area in obese patients is misleading: concept and example. Nephrol Dial Transpl 20:2024–2028CrossRef Delanaye P, Radermecker RP, Rorive M, Depas G, Krzesinski JM (2005) Indexing glomerular filtration rate for body surface area in obese patients is misleading: concept and example. Nephrol Dial Transpl 20:2024–2028CrossRef

go back to reference Peters AM, Glass DM (2010) Use of body surface area for assessing extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate in obesity. Am J Nephrol 31:209–213CrossRefPubMed Peters AM, Glass DM (2010) Use of body surface area for assessing extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate in obesity. Am J Nephrol 31:209–213CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Bird NJ, Henderson BL, Lui D, Ballinger JR, Peters AM (2003) Indexing glomerular filtration rate to suit children. J Nucl Med 44:1037–1043PubMed Bird NJ, Henderson BL, Lui D, Ballinger JR, Peters AM (2003) Indexing glomerular filtration rate to suit children. J Nucl Med 44:1037–1043PubMed

go back to reference Larsen PS, Kamper-Jorgensen M, Adamson A, Barros H, Bonde JP, Brescianini S, Brophy S, Casas M, Charles M-AA, Devereux G, Eggesbo M, Fantini MP, Frey U, Gehring U, Grazuleviciene R, Henriksen TB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Heude B, Hryhorczuk DO, Inskip H, Jaddoe VWV, Lawlor DA, Ludvigsson J, Kelleher C, Kiess W, Koletzko B, Kuehni CE, Kull I, Kyhl HB, Magnus P, Momas I, Murray D, Pekkanen J, Polanska K, Porta D, Poulsen G, Richiardi L, Roeleveld N, Skovgaard AM, Sram RJ, Strandberg-Larsen K, Thijs C, Van Eijsden M, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Andersen A-MNM, Kamper-Jørgensen M, Adamson A, Barros H, Bonde JP, Brescianini S, Brophy S, Casas M, Charles M-AA, Devereux G, Eggesbø M, Fantini MP, Frey U, Gehring U, Grazuleviciene R, Henriksen TB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Heude B, Hryhorczuk DO, Inskip H, Jaddoe VWV, Lawlor DA, Ludvigsson J, Kelleher C, Kiess W, Koletzko B, Kuehni CE, Kull I, Kyhl HB, Magnus P, Momas I, Murray D, Pekkanen J, Polanska K, Porta D, Poulsen G, Richiardi L, Roeleveld N, Skovgaard AM, Sram RJ, Strandberg-Larsen K, Thijs C, Van Eijsden M, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Andersen A-MNM (2013) Pregnancy and birth cohort resources in europe: a large opportunity for aetiological child health research. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 27:393–414CrossRefPubMed Larsen PS, Kamper-Jorgensen M, Adamson A, Barros H, Bonde JP, Brescianini S, Brophy S, Casas M, Charles M-AA, Devereux G, Eggesbo M, Fantini MP, Frey U, Gehring U, Grazuleviciene R, Henriksen TB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Heude B, Hryhorczuk DO, Inskip H, Jaddoe VWV, Lawlor DA, Ludvigsson J, Kelleher C, Kiess W, Koletzko B, Kuehni CE, Kull I, Kyhl HB, Magnus P, Momas I, Murray D, Pekkanen J, Polanska K, Porta D, Poulsen G, Richiardi L, Roeleveld N, Skovgaard AM, Sram RJ, Strandberg-Larsen K, Thijs C, Van Eijsden M, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Andersen A-MNM, Kamper-Jørgensen M, Adamson A, Barros H, Bonde JP, Brescianini S, Brophy S, Casas M, Charles M-AA, Devereux G, Eggesbø M, Fantini MP, Frey U, Gehring U, Grazuleviciene R, Henriksen TB, Hertz-Picciotto I, Heude B, Hryhorczuk DO, Inskip H, Jaddoe VWV, Lawlor DA, Ludvigsson J, Kelleher C, Kiess W, Koletzko B, Kuehni CE, Kull I, Kyhl HB, Magnus P, Momas I, Murray D, Pekkanen J, Polanska K, Porta D, Poulsen G, Richiardi L, Roeleveld N, Skovgaard AM, Sram RJ, Strandberg-Larsen K, Thijs C, Van Eijsden M, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Andersen A-MNM (2013) Pregnancy and birth cohort resources in europe: a large opportunity for aetiological child health research. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 27:393–414CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Durão C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Moreira P, Guerra A, Barros H, Lopes C, Durao C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Moreira P, Guerra A, Barros H, Lopes C (2014) Evaluating the effect of energy-dense foods consumption on preschool children’s body mass index: a prospective analysis from 2 to 4 years of age. Eur J Nutr 54:835–843CrossRefPubMed Durão C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Moreira P, Guerra A, Barros H, Lopes C, Durao C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Moreira P, Guerra A, Barros H, Lopes C (2014) Evaluating the effect of energy-dense foods consumption on preschool children’s body mass index: a prospective analysis from 2 to 4 years of age. Eur J Nutr 54:835–843CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J (2007) Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Heal Organ 85:660–667CrossRef de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J (2007) Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Heal Organ 85:660–667CrossRef

go back to reference Fenton TR, Kim JH (2013) A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr 13:59CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Fenton TR, Kim JH (2013) A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr 13:59CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Peters AM, Snelling HLR, Glass DM, Bird NJ (2011) Estimation of lean body mass in children. Br J Anaesth 106:719–723CrossRefPubMed Peters AM, Snelling HLR, Glass DM, Bird NJ (2011) Estimation of lean body mass in children. Br J Anaesth 106:719–723CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Schaefer F, Georgi M, Zieger A, Schärer K (1994) Usefulness of bioelectric impedance and skinfold measurements in predicting fat-free mass derived from total body potassium in children. Pediatr Res 35:617–624CrossRefPubMed Schaefer F, Georgi M, Zieger A, Schärer K (1994) Usefulness of bioelectric impedance and skinfold measurements in predicting fat-free mass derived from total body potassium in children. Pediatr Res 35:617–624CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Haycock GB, Schwartz GJ, Wisotsky DH (1978) Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height–weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults. J Pediatr 93:62–66CrossRefPubMed Haycock GB, Schwartz GJ, Wisotsky DH (1978) Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height–weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults. J Pediatr 93:62–66CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Ross EL, Jorgensen J, DeWitt PE, Okada C, Porter R, Haemer M, Reiter PD (2014) Comparison of 3 body size descriptors in critically ill obese children and adolescents: implications for medication dosing. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 19:103–110PubMedPubMedCentral Ross EL, Jorgensen J, DeWitt PE, Okada C, Porter R, Haemer M, Reiter PD (2014) Comparison of 3 body size descriptors in critically ill obese children and adolescents: implications for medication dosing. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 19:103–110PubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Myers GL, Miller WG, Coresh J, Fleming J, Greenberg N, Greene T, Hostetter T, Levey AS, Panteghini M, Welch M, Eckfeldt JH (2006) Recommendations for improving serum creatinine measurement: a report from the Laboratory Working Group of the National Kidney Disease Education Program. Clin Chem 52:5–18CrossRefPubMed Myers GL, Miller WG, Coresh J, Fleming J, Greenberg N, Greene T, Hostetter T, Levey AS, Panteghini M, Welch M, Eckfeldt JH (2006) Recommendations for improving serum creatinine measurement: a report from the Laboratory Working Group of the National Kidney Disease Education Program. Clin Chem 52:5–18CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Grubb A, Blirup-Jensen S, Lindström V, Schmidt C, Althaus H, Zegers I (2010) First certified reference material for cystatin C in human serum ERM-DA471/IFCC. Clin Chem Lab Med 48:1619–1621CrossRefPubMed Grubb A, Blirup-Jensen S, Lindström V, Schmidt C, Althaus H, Zegers I (2010) First certified reference material for cystatin C in human serum ERM-DA471/IFCC. Clin Chem Lab Med 48:1619–1621CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Zappitelli M, Parvex P, Joseph L, Paradis G, Grey V, Lau S, Bell L (2006) Derivation and validation of cystatin C-based prediction equations for GFR in children. Am J Kidney Dis 48:221–230CrossRefPubMed Zappitelli M, Parvex P, Joseph L, Paradis G, Grey V, Lau S, Bell L (2006) Derivation and validation of cystatin C-based prediction equations for GFR in children. Am J Kidney Dis 48:221–230CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Schwartz GJ, Munoz A, Schneider MF, Mak RH, Kaskel F, Warady BA, Furth SL (2009) New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 20:629–637CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Schwartz GJ, Munoz A, Schneider MF, Mak RH, Kaskel F, Warady BA, Furth SL (2009) New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 20:629–637CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Remer T, Neubert A, Maser-Gluth C (2002) Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and nutritional research. Am J Clin Nutr 75:561–569PubMed Remer T, Neubert A, Maser-Gluth C (2002) Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and nutritional research. Am J Clin Nutr 75:561–569PubMed

go back to reference Tomaszewski M, Charchar FJ, Maric C, McClure J, Crawford L, Grzeszczak W, Sattar N, Zukowska-Szczechowska E, Dominiczak AF (2007) Glomerular hyperfiltration: a new marker of metabolic risk. Kidney Int 71:816–821CrossRefPubMed Tomaszewski M, Charchar FJ, Maric C, McClure J, Crawford L, Grzeszczak W, Sattar N, Zukowska-Szczechowska E, Dominiczak AF (2007) Glomerular hyperfiltration: a new marker of metabolic risk. Kidney Int 71:816–821CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Chagnac A, Weinstein T, Korzets A, Ramadan E, Hirsch J, Gafter U (2000) Glomerular hemodynamics in severe obesity. Am J Physiol Ren Physiol 278:F817–822 Chagnac A, Weinstein T, Korzets A, Ramadan E, Hirsch J, Gafter U (2000) Glomerular hemodynamics in severe obesity. Am J Physiol Ren Physiol 278:F817–822

go back to reference Naour N, Fellahi S, Renucci J-F, Poitou C, Rouault C, Basdevant A, Dutour A, Alessi M-C, Bastard J-P, Clément K, Guerre-Millo M (2009) Potential contribution of adipose tissue to elevated serum cystatin C in human obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:2121–2126CrossRef Naour N, Fellahi S, Renucci J-F, Poitou C, Rouault C, Basdevant A, Dutour A, Alessi M-C, Bastard J-P, Clément K, Guerre-Millo M (2009) Potential contribution of adipose tissue to elevated serum cystatin C in human obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:2121–2126CrossRef

go back to reference Roos JF, Doust J, Tett SE, Kirkpatrick CMJ (2007) Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children–a meta-analysis. Clin Biochem 40:383–391CrossRefPubMed Roos JF, Doust J, Tett SE, Kirkpatrick CMJ (2007) Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children–a meta-analysis. Clin Biochem 40:383–391CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Piepsz A, Tondeur M, Ham H (2008) Escaping the correction for body surface area when calculating glomerular filtration rate in children. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35:1669–1672CrossRefPubMed Piepsz A, Tondeur M, Ham H (2008) Escaping the correction for body surface area when calculating glomerular filtration rate in children. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35:1669–1672CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Lemoine S, Guebre-Egziabher F, Sens F, Nguyen-Tu M-S, Juillard L, Dubourg L, Hadj-Aissa A (2014) Accuracy of GFR estimation in obese patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9:720–727CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lemoine S, Guebre-Egziabher F, Sens F, Nguyen-Tu M-S, Juillard L, Dubourg L, Hadj-Aissa A (2014) Accuracy of GFR estimation in obese patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9:720–727CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Pai MP, Cojutti P, Pea F (2014) Levofloxacin dosing regimen in severely morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥40 kg/m(2)) should be guided by creatinine clearance estimates based on ideal body weight and optimized by therapeutic drug monitoring. Clin Pharmacokinet 53:753–762CrossRefPubMed Pai MP, Cojutti P, Pea F (2014) Levofloxacin dosing regimen in severely morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥40 kg/m(2)) should be guided by creatinine clearance estimates based on ideal body weight and optimized by therapeutic drug monitoring. Clin Pharmacokinet 53:753–762CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Maskatia SA, Spinner JA, Nutting AC, Slesnick TC, Krishnamurthy R, Morris SA (2013) Impact of obesity on ventricular size and function in children, adolescents and adults with Tetralogy of Fallot after initial repair. Am J Cardiol 112:594–598CrossRefPubMed Maskatia SA, Spinner JA, Nutting AC, Slesnick TC, Krishnamurthy R, Morris SA (2013) Impact of obesity on ventricular size and function in children, adolescents and adults with Tetralogy of Fallot after initial repair. Am J Cardiol 112:594–598CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Schwartz GJ, Work DF (2009) Measurement and estimation of GFR in children and adolescents. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4:1832–1843CrossRefPubMed Schwartz GJ, Work DF (2009) Measurement and estimation of GFR in children and adolescents. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4:1832–1843CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Hellerstein S, Berenbom M, Alon US, Warady BA (1998) Creatinine clearance following cimetidine for estimation of glomerular filtration rate. Pediatr Nephrol 12:49–54CrossRefPubMed Hellerstein S, Berenbom M, Alon US, Warady BA (1998) Creatinine clearance following cimetidine for estimation of glomerular filtration rate. Pediatr Nephrol 12:49–54CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Correia-Costa L, Afonso AC, Schaefer F, Guimarães JT, Bustorff M, Guerra A, Barros H, Azevedo A (2015) Decreased renal function in overweight and obese prepubertal children. Pediatr Res 78:436–444CrossRefPubMed Correia-Costa L, Afonso AC, Schaefer F, Guimarães JT, Bustorff M, Guerra A, Barros H, Azevedo A (2015) Decreased renal function in overweight and obese prepubertal children. Pediatr Res 78:436–444CrossRefPubMed