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Pediatric Nephrology
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 6/2006

01-06-2006 | Original Article

Left ventricular hypertrophy and arterial wall thickening in children with essential hypertension

Authors: Mieczysław Litwin, Anna Niemirska, Joanna Śladowska, Jolanta Antoniewicz, Joanna Daszkowska, Aldona Wierzbicka, Zbigniew T. Wawer, Ryszard Grenda

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 6/2006

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Abstract

Objective

Our aim was to determine the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and increased intima-media thickness (IMT) in Caucasian children with newly diagnosed, untreated essential hypertension (EH).

Participants

Our study cohort consisted of 72 children with EH (mean age: 14.5 years; range: 5–18 years). The control groups consisted of 103 age-matched, healthy children.

Methods

We evaluated the left ventricular mass (LVM), intima-media thickness in the carotid (cIMT) and superficial femoral (fIMT) arteries, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, and biochemical cardiovascular risk factors.

Results

Of the hypertensive children examined, 41.6% had LVM above the 95th percentile, and 13.2% had LVM above 51 g/m2.7. Of the hypertensive subjects, the cIMT was above 2 SDS of normal values in 38.8%, and the flMT was above 2 SDS of normal values in 17.5%. Patients with LVM above 51 g/m2.7 had a higher birth weight than other patients. LVM, cIMT, and fIMT correlated with 24-h SBP and pulse pressure; LVM also correlated with homocysteine and serum uric acid concentrations. fIMT correlated with low Aprotein A1 (ApoA1), higher ApoB and C reactive protein, and daily sodium excretion. Step-wise regression analysis revealed that serum uric acid and higher birth weight were predictors for LVM, pulse pressure was a predictor for cIMT, and ApoB was a predictor for fIMT.

Conclusions

A significant number of adolescents with EH already had cardiovascular damage at diagnosis. LVM and markers of arterial injury correlate with SBP, biochemical, and perinatal cardiovascular risk factors. Serum uric acid and higher birth weight are predictors of LVM.
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Metadata
Title
Left ventricular hypertrophy and arterial wall thickening in children with essential hypertension
Authors
Mieczysław Litwin
Anna Niemirska
Joanna Śladowska
Jolanta Antoniewicz
Joanna Daszkowska
Aldona Wierzbicka
Zbigniew T. Wawer
Ryszard Grenda
Publication date
01-06-2006
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 6/2006
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-006-0068-8

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