Endoscopic balloon dilatation without fluoroscopy for treating gastric outlet obstruction because of benign etiologies

Over 4 years, 25 patients with benign GOO were treated by endoscopic balloon dilatation done with through-the-scope controlled radial expansion (CRE) balloon dilators. Dilatation was repeated every 2 weeks with the end point being dilation of 15 mm or the need for surgery. Helicobacter pylori, when present, was eradicated.

Etiology of benign GOO was peptic ulcer (11), corrosive ingestion (7), chronic pancreatitis (4, groove pancreatitis in 1), tuberculosis (2), and Crohn’s disease (1). Endoscopic balloon dilatation was successful in 21/25 (84%) patients. Patients required one to six sessions of endoscopic dilatation (mean = 2.2 ± 1.2). Corrosive-induced GOO required more dilatation sessions (3.83 ± 0.75) compared to peptic GOO (2.1 ± 0.56; p < 0.05). Balloon dilatation was also effective in patients with GOO due to gastroduodenal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease. Patients with chronic pancreatitis-related GOO had poor response to dilatation, with two patients (50%) requiring surgery and the remaining two with recurrence of symptoms requiring repeat dilatation. None of the other patients with successful treatment had recurrence of symptoms. Complication in the form of perforation was noted in two patients (8%).