Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Surgical Endoscopy 11/2003

01-11-2003 | Review article

Minimal-access approaches to complications of acute pancreatitis and benign neoplasms of the pancreas

Authors: T. A. Kellogg, K. D. Horvath

Published in: Surgical Endoscopy | Issue 11/2003

Login to get access

Excerpt

As the surgical management of pancreatic diseases has evolved over the past 20 years, there has been a notable trend toward the use of minimally invasive approaches. Open surgery, percutaneous catheters, endoscopic procedures, and videoscopic surgery are now included in the general surgeon’s armamentarium, but the question remains of which option to choose and when to use it. The combined development of minimally invasive approaches, a better understanding of the disease processes, and higher standards of care in the intensive care unit (ICU) have led to marked improvements in morbidity and mortality. This review will discuss the evolution of procedures for the treatment of complications of acute pancreatitis as well as providing an overview of the current status of the laparoscopic approach to pancreatic resection for benign disease and a critical appraisal of the relevant literature. …
Literature
1.
go back to reference Baron, TH, Morgan, DE 1999Acute necrotizing pancreatitis.N Engl J Med34014121417[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460] Baron, TH, Morgan, DE 1999Acute necrotizing pancreatitis.N Engl J Med34014121417[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460]
2.
go back to reference Balthazar, EJ, Freeny, PC, van Sonnenberg, E 1994Imaging and intervention in acute pancreatitis.Radiology193297306[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460]PubMed Balthazar, EJ, Freeny, PC, van Sonnenberg, E 1994Imaging and intervention in acute pancreatitis.Radiology193297306[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460]PubMed
3.
go back to reference Bradley, EL, Clements Jr, JL, Gonzalez, AC 1979The natural history of pancreatic pseudocysts: a unified concept of management.Am J Surg137135141[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460]PubMed Bradley, EL, Clements Jr, JL, Gonzalez, AC 1979The natural history of pancreatic pseudocysts: a unified concept of management.Am J Surg137135141[Erratum in N Engl J Med 1999 341: 460]PubMed
4.
go back to reference Traverso, LW, Kozarek, RA 1999Interventional management of peripancreatic fluid collections.Surg Clin North Am79745757viii–ix Traverso, LW, Kozarek, RA 1999Interventional management of peripancreatic fluid collections.Surg Clin North Am79745757viii–ix
5.
go back to reference Adams, DB, Anderson, MC 1992Percutaneous catheter drainage compared with internal drainage in the management of pancreatic pseudocyst.Ann Surg215571576discussion 576–578PubMed Adams, DB, Anderson, MC 1992Percutaneous catheter drainage compared with internal drainage in the management of pancreatic pseudocyst.Ann Surg215571576discussion 576–578PubMed
6.
go back to reference Karlson, KB, Martin, EC, Fankuchen, EI, Mattern, RF, Schultz, RW, Casarella, WJ 1982Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and abscesses.Radiology142619624discussion 576–578PubMed Karlson, KB, Martin, EC, Fankuchen, EI, Mattern, RF, Schultz, RW, Casarella, WJ 1982Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and abscesses.Radiology142619624discussion 576–578PubMed
7.
go back to reference Freeny, PC, Hauptmann, E, Althaus, SJ, Traverso, LW, Sinanan, M 1998Percutaneous CT-guided catheter drainage of infected acute necrotizing pancreatitis: techniques and results [see Comments].AJR Am J Roentgenol170969975discussion 576–578 Freeny, PC, Hauptmann, E, Althaus, SJ, Traverso, LW, Sinanan, M 1998Percutaneous CT-guided catheter drainage of infected acute necrotizing pancreatitis: techniques and results [see Comments].AJR Am J Roentgenol170969975discussion 576–578
8.
go back to reference Bradley III, EL 1993A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis: summary of the International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, GA, September 11–13, 1992.Arch Surg128586590discussion 576–578PubMed Bradley III, EL 1993A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis: summary of the International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, GA, September 11–13, 1992.Arch Surg128586590discussion 576–578PubMed
9.
go back to reference Simchuk, EJ, Traverso, LW, Nukui, Y, Kozarek, RA 2000Computed tomography severity index is a predictor of outcomes for severe pancreatitis.Am J Surg179352355discussion 576–578PubMed Simchuk, EJ, Traverso, LW, Nukui, Y, Kozarek, RA 2000Computed tomography severity index is a predictor of outcomes for severe pancreatitis.Am J Surg179352355discussion 576–578PubMed
10.
go back to reference Balthazar, EJ, Robinson, DL, Megibow, AJ, Ranson, JH 1990Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis.Radiology174331336discussion 576–578PubMed Balthazar, EJ, Robinson, DL, Megibow, AJ, Ranson, JH 1990Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis.Radiology174331336discussion 576–578PubMed
11.
go back to reference Nealon, WH, Townsend Jr, CM, Thompson, JC 1989Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with pancreatic pseudocyst associated with resolving acute and chronic pancreatitis.Ann Surg209532538discussion 538–540PubMed Nealon, WH, Townsend Jr, CM, Thompson, JC 1989Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with pancreatic pseudocyst associated with resolving acute and chronic pancreatitis.Ann Surg209532538discussion 538–540PubMed
12.
go back to reference Nealon, WH, Walser, E 2002Main pancreatic ductal anatomy can direct choice of modality for treating pancreatic pseudocysts (surgery versus percutaneous drainage).Ann Surg235751758discussion 538–540CrossRefPubMed Nealon, WH, Walser, E 2002Main pancreatic ductal anatomy can direct choice of modality for treating pancreatic pseudocysts (surgery versus percutaneous drainage).Ann Surg235751758discussion 538–540CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Ahearne, PM, Baillie, JM, Cotton, PB, Baker, ME, Meyers, WC, Pappas, TN 1992An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-based algorithm for the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Surg163111115discussion 115–116PubMed Ahearne, PM, Baillie, JM, Cotton, PB, Baker, ME, Meyers, WC, Pappas, TN 1992An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-based algorithm for the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Surg163111115discussion 115–116PubMed
14.
go back to reference Sankaran, S, Walt, AJ 1975The natural and unnatural history of pancreatic pseudocysts.Br J Surg623744discussion 115–116PubMed Sankaran, S, Walt, AJ 1975The natural and unnatural history of pancreatic pseudocysts.Br J Surg623744discussion 115–116PubMed
15.
go back to reference Wade, JW 1985Twenty-five year experience with pancreatic pseudocysts: are we making progress?Am J Surg149705708discussion 115–116PubMed Wade, JW 1985Twenty-five year experience with pancreatic pseudocysts: are we making progress?Am J Surg149705708discussion 115–116PubMed
16.
go back to reference Joyce, LD, Toledo-Pereyra, LH, Humphrey, EW 1979Pancreatic pseudocyst: a clinical review.Am Surg45453461discussion 115–116PubMed Joyce, LD, Toledo-Pereyra, LH, Humphrey, EW 1979Pancreatic pseudocyst: a clinical review.Am Surg45453461discussion 115–116PubMed
17.
go back to reference Martin Jr, EW, Catalano, P, Cooperman, M, Hecht, C, Carey, LC 1979Surgical decision-making in the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts: internal versus external drainage.Am J Surg138821824discussion 115–116PubMed Martin Jr, EW, Catalano, P, Cooperman, M, Hecht, C, Carey, LC 1979Surgical decision-making in the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts: internal versus external drainage.Am J Surg138821824discussion 115–116PubMed
18.
go back to reference Hastings, PR, Nance, FC, Decker, WF 1975Changing patterns in the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Ann Surg181546551discussion 115–116PubMed Hastings, PR, Nance, FC, Decker, WF 1975Changing patterns in the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Ann Surg181546551discussion 115–116PubMed
19.
go back to reference Frey, CF 1978Pancreatic pseudocyst—operative strategy.Ann Surg188652662discussion 115–116PubMed Frey, CF 1978Pancreatic pseudocyst—operative strategy.Ann Surg188652662discussion 115–116PubMed
20.
go back to reference Vitas, GJ, Sarr, MG 1992Selected management of pancreatic pseudocysts: operative versus expectant management.Surgery111123130discussion 115–116PubMed Vitas, GJ, Sarr, MG 1992Selected management of pancreatic pseudocysts: operative versus expectant management.Surgery111123130discussion 115–116PubMed
21.
go back to reference Yeo, CJ, Bastidas, JA, Lynch-Nyhan, A, Fishman, EK, Zinner, MJ, Cameron, JL 1990The natural history of pancreatic pseudocysts documented by computed tomography.Surg Gynecol Obstet170411417discussion 115–116 Yeo, CJ, Bastidas, JA, Lynch-Nyhan, A, Fishman, EK, Zinner, MJ, Cameron, JL 1990The natural history of pancreatic pseudocysts documented by computed tomography.Surg Gynecol Obstet170411417discussion 115–116
22.
go back to reference Ombredanne, M 1911Sur les kystes der pancreas.Bull Soc Med Chir37977discussion 115–116 Ombredanne, M 1911Sur les kystes der pancreas.Bull Soc Med Chir37977discussion 115–116
23.
go back to reference Jedlicka, R 1923.Zentrabl Chir50132discussion 115–116 Jedlicka, R 1923.Zentrabl Chir50132discussion 115–116
24.
go back to reference Hillis, W 1963Surgical management of pseudocysts of pancreas.Am J Surg105651658discussion 115–116 Hillis, W 1963Surgical management of pseudocysts of pancreas.Am J Surg105651658discussion 115–116
25.
go back to reference Hoxworth, PI, et al. 1963Internal drainage of pseudocyst and pancreas.Surg Gynecol Obstet117327333discussion 115–116 Hoxworth, PI,  et al. 1963Internal drainage of pseudocyst and pancreas.Surg Gynecol Obstet117327333discussion 115–116
26.
go back to reference Hillson, RF, Taube, RR 1975Surgical management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am Surgxx492496discussion 115–116 Hillson, RF, Taube, RR 1975Surgical management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am Surgxx492496discussion 115–116
27.
go back to reference Gumaste, UV, Dave, PB 1991Pancreatic pseudocyst drainage—the needle or the scalpel?J Clin Gastroenterol13500505discussion 115–116PubMed Gumaste, UV, Dave, PB 1991Pancreatic pseudocyst drainage—the needle or the scalpel?J Clin Gastroenterol13500505discussion 115–116PubMed
28.
go back to reference Shatney, CH, Lillehei, RC 1979Surgical treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts: analysis of 119 cases.Arm Surg189386394discussion 115–116 Shatney, CH, Lillehei, RC 1979Surgical treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts: analysis of 119 cases.Arm Surg189386394discussion 115–116
29.
go back to reference Bumpers, HL, Bradley, ELI 1998Treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts.Howard, JIdezuki, YIhse, I eds. Surgical diseases of the pancreas.Williams & WilkinsBatlimore424432discussion 115–116 Bumpers, HL, Bradley, ELI 1998Treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts.Howard, JIdezuki, YIhse, I eds. Surgical diseases of the pancreas.Williams & WilkinsBatlimore424432discussion 115–116
30.
go back to reference Bottger, T 2001[Surgical treatment and outcome in insulinoma].Zentralbl Chir126273278discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed Bottger, T 2001[Surgical treatment and outcome in insulinoma].Zentralbl Chir126273278discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Frantzides, CT, Ludwig, KA, Redlich, PN 1994Laparoscopic management of a pancreatic pseudocyst.J Laparoendosc Surg45559discussion 115–116PubMed Frantzides, CT, Ludwig, KA, Redlich, PN 1994Laparoscopic management of a pancreatic pseudocyst.J Laparoendosc Surg45559discussion 115–116PubMed
32.
go back to reference Way, LW, Bhoyrul, S, Mori, T 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy: the first operation in the new field of endoluminal laparoscopic surgery.Surg Endosc8448discussion 115–116 Way, LW, Bhoyrul, S, Mori, T 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy: the first operation in the new field of endoluminal laparoscopic surgery.Surg Endosc8448discussion 115–116
33.
go back to reference Gagner, M 1994Laparoscopic transgastric cystgastrostomy for pancreatic pseudocyst.Surg Endosc8239discussion 115–116 Gagner, M 1994Laparoscopic transgastric cystgastrostomy for pancreatic pseudocyst.Surg Endosc8239discussion 115–116
34.
go back to reference Petelin, JB 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic pseudocyst-gastrostomy.Surg Endosc8448discussion 115–116 Petelin, JB 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic pseudocyst-gastrostomy.Surg Endosc8448discussion 115–116
35.
go back to reference Ibrahim, IM 1994Laparoscopic cyst-gastrostomy.Surg Endosc8975discussion 115–116 Ibrahim, IM 1994Laparoscopic cyst-gastrostomy.Surg Endosc8975discussion 115–116
36.
go back to reference Meltzer, RC, Amaral, JF 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic cystogastrostomy.Min Invas Ther3289294discussion 115–116 Meltzer, RC, Amaral, JF 1994Laparoscopic pancreatic cystogastrostomy.Min Invas Ther3289294discussion 115–116
37.
go back to reference Park, AE, Heniford, BT 2002Therapeutic laparoscopy of the pancreas.Ann Surg236149158discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed Park, AE, Heniford, BT 2002Therapeutic laparoscopy of the pancreas.Ann Surg236149158discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Atabek, U, Mayer, D, Amin, A, Camishion, RC 1993Pancreatic cystogastrostomy by combined upper endoscopy and percutaneous transgastric instrumentation.J Laparoendosc Surg3501504discussion 115–116 Atabek, U, Mayer, D, Amin, A, Camishion, RC 1993Pancreatic cystogastrostomy by combined upper endoscopy and percutaneous transgastric instrumentation.J Laparoendosc Surg3501504discussion 115–116
39.
go back to reference Trias, M, Targarona, EM, Balague, C, Cifuentes, A, Taura, P 1995Intraluminal stapled laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst.Br J Surg82403discussion 115–116PubMed Trias, M, Targarona, EM, Balague, C, Cifuentes, A, Taura, P 1995Intraluminal stapled laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst.Br J Surg82403discussion 115–116PubMed
40.
go back to reference Park, A, Schwartz, R, Tandan, V, Anvari, M 1999Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.Am J Surg177158163discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed Park, A, Schwartz, R, Tandan, V, Anvari, M 1999Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.Am J Surg177158163discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Roth, JS, Park, AE 2001Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy: the lesser sac technique.Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech11201203discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed Roth, JS, Park, AE 2001Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy: the lesser sac technique.Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech11201203discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Mori, T, Abe, N, Sugiyama, M, Atomi, Y, Way, LW 2000Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy.J Hepatobil Pancreat Surg72834discussion 115–116CrossRef Mori, T, Abe, N, Sugiyama, M, Atomi, Y, Way, LW 2000Laparoscopic pancreatic cystgastrostomy.J Hepatobil Pancreat Surg72834discussion 115–116CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Luche, A, Klebs, I 1867Beitrag yur ovanotome und zur kermitnis der abdominal geschwulste.Virchows Arch [A]141discussion 115–116 Luche, A, Klebs, I 1867Beitrag yur ovanotome und zur kermitnis der abdominal geschwulste.Virchows Arch [A]141discussion 115–116
44.
go back to reference Adams, DB, Anderson, MC 1992Changing concepts in the surgical management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am Surg58173180discussion 115–116PubMed Adams, DB, Anderson, MC 1992Changing concepts in the surgical management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am Surg58173180discussion 115–116PubMed
45.
go back to reference Hancke, S, Pedersen, JF 1976Percutaneous puncture of pancreatic cysts guided by ultrasound.Surg Gynecol Obstet142551552discussion 115–116 Hancke, S, Pedersen, JF 1976Percutaneous puncture of pancreatic cysts guided by ultrasound.Surg Gynecol Obstet142551552discussion 115–116
46.
go back to reference Freeny, PC, Lewis, GP, Traverso, LW, Ryan, JA 1988Infected pancreatic fluid collections: percutaneous catheter drainage.Radiology167435441discussion 115–116PubMed Freeny, PC, Lewis, GP, Traverso, LW, Ryan, JA 1988Infected pancreatic fluid collections: percutaneous catheter drainage.Radiology167435441discussion 115–116PubMed
47.
go back to reference van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Casola, G, Stauffer, AE, Polansky, AD, Coons, HG, Cabrera, OA, Gerver, PS 1985Complicated pancreatic inflammatory disease: diagnostic and therapeutic role of interventional radiology.Radiology155335340discussion 115–116PubMed van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Casola, G, Stauffer, AE, Polansky, AD, Coons, HG, Cabrera, OA, Gerver, PS 1985Complicated pancreatic inflammatory disease: diagnostic and therapeutic role of interventional radiology.Radiology155335340discussion 115–116PubMed
48.
go back to reference Aranha, GV, Prinz, RA, Esguerra, AC, Greenlee, HB 1983The nature and course of cystic pancreatic lesions diagnosed by ultrasound.Arch Surg118486488discussion 115–116PubMed Aranha, GV, Prinz, RA, Esguerra, AC, Greenlee, HB 1983The nature and course of cystic pancreatic lesions diagnosed by ultrasound.Arch Surg118486488discussion 115–116PubMed
49.
go back to reference Beebe, DS, Bubrick, MP, Onstad, GR, Hitchcock, CR 1984Management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Surg Gynecol Obstet159562564discussion 115–116PubMed Beebe, DS, Bubrick, MP, Onstad, GR, Hitchcock, CR 1984Management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Surg Gynecol Obstet159562564discussion 115–116PubMed
50.
go back to reference Lang, EK, Paolini, RM, Pottmeyer, A 1991The efficacy of palliative and definitive percutaneous versus surgical drainage of pancreatic abscesses and pseudocysts: a prospective study of 85 patients.South Med J845564discussion 115–116PubMed Lang, EK, Paolini, RM, Pottmeyer, A 1991The efficacy of palliative and definitive percutaneous versus surgical drainage of pancreatic abscesses and pseudocysts: a prospective study of 85 patients.South Med J845564discussion 115–116PubMed
51.
go back to reference van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Casola, G, Brannigan, TC, Karnel, F, Stabile, BE, Varney, RR, Christensen, RR 1989Percutaneous drainage of infected and noninfected pancreatic pseudocysts: experience in 101 cases.Radiology170757761discussion 115–116PubMed van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Casola, G, Brannigan, TC, Karnel, F, Stabile, BE, Varney, RR, Christensen, RR 1989Percutaneous drainage of infected and noninfected pancreatic pseudocysts: experience in 101 cases.Radiology170757761discussion 115–116PubMed
52.
go back to reference D’Egidio, A, Schein, M 1991Surgical strategies in the treatment of pancreatic necrosis and infection.Br J Surg78133137discussion 115–116PubMed D’Egidio, A, Schein, M 1991Surgical strategies in the treatment of pancreatic necrosis and infection.Br J Surg78133137discussion 115–116PubMed
53.
go back to reference Grosso, M, Gandini, G, Cassinis, MC, Regge, D, Righi, D, Rossi, P 1989Percutaneous treatment (including pseudocystogastrostomy) of 74 pancreatic pseudocysts.Radiology173493497discussion 115–116PubMed Grosso, M, Gandini, G, Cassinis, MC, Regge, D, Righi, D, Rossi, P 1989Percutaneous treatment (including pseudocystogastrostomy) of 74 pancreatic pseudocysts.Radiology173493497discussion 115–116PubMed
54.
go back to reference Aurell, Y, Forsberg, L, Hederstrom, E, Andersson, R 1990Percutaneous puncture and drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: a retrospective study.Acta Radiol31177180discussion 115–116PubMed Aurell, Y, Forsberg, L, Hederstrom, E, Andersson, R 1990Percutaneous puncture and drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: a retrospective study.Acta Radiol31177180discussion 115–116PubMed
55.
go back to reference Stanley, JH, Gobien, RP, Schabel, SI, Andriole, JG, Anderson, MC, Smith, RW 1988Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic and peripancreatic fluid collections.Cardiovasc Interv Radiol112125discussion 115–116 Stanley, JH, Gobien, RP, Schabel, SI, Andriole, JG, Anderson, MC, Smith, RW 1988Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic and peripancreatic fluid collections.Cardiovasc Interv Radiol112125discussion 115–116
56.
go back to reference van Sonnenberg, E, Casola, G, Varney, RR, Wittich, GR 1989Imaging and interventional radiology for pancreatitis and its complications.Radiol Clin North Am276572discussion 115–116 van Sonnenberg, E, Casola, G, Varney, RR, Wittich, GR 1989Imaging and interventional radiology for pancreatitis and its complications.Radiol Clin North Am276572discussion 115–116
57.
go back to reference Civardi, G, Fornari, F, Cavanna, L, Sbolli, G, Di Stasi, M, Buscarini, L 1990Ultrasonically guided percutaneous drainage of abdominal fluid collections: a long-term study of its therapeutic efficacy.Gastrointest Radiol15245250discussion 115–116PubMed Civardi, G, Fornari, F, Cavanna, L, Sbolli, G, Di Stasi, M, Buscarini, L 1990Ultrasonically guided percutaneous drainage of abdominal fluid collections: a long-term study of its therapeutic efficacy.Gastrointest Radiol15245250discussion 115–116PubMed
58.
go back to reference Spivak, H, Galloway, JR, Amerson, JR, Fink, AS, Branum, GD, Redvanly, RD, Richardson, WS, Mauren, SJ, Waring, JP, Hunter, JG 1998Management of pancreatic pseudocysts.J Am Coll Surg186507511discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed Spivak, H, Galloway, JR, Amerson, JR, Fink, AS, Branum, GD, Redvanly, RD, Richardson, WS, Mauren, SJ, Waring, JP, Hunter, JG 1998Management of pancreatic pseudocysts.J Am Coll Surg186507511discussion 115–116CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Sanfey, H, Aguilar, M, Jones, RS 1994Pseudocysts of the pancreas, a review of 97 cases.Am Surg60661668discussion 115–116PubMed Sanfey, H, Aguilar, M, Jones, RS 1994Pseudocysts of the pancreas, a review of 97 cases.Am Surg60661668discussion 115–116PubMed
60.
go back to reference Criado, E, De Stefano, AA, Weiner, TM, Jaques , PF 1992Long term results of percutaneous catheter drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Surg Gynecol Obstet175293298discussion 115–116 Criado, E, De Stefano, AA, Weiner, TM, Jaques , PF 1992Long term results of percutaneous catheter drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Surg Gynecol Obstet175293298discussion 115–116
61.
go back to reference Rao, R, Fedorak, I, Prinz, RA 1993Effect of failed computed tomography-guided and endoscopic drainage on pancreatic pseudocyst management.Surgery114843847discussion 847–849PubMed Rao, R, Fedorak, I, Prinz, RA 1993Effect of failed computed tomography-guided and endoscopic drainage on pancreatic pseudocyst management.Surgery114843847discussion 847–849PubMed
62.
go back to reference Heider, R, Meyer, AA, Galanko, JA, Behrns, KE 1999Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts is associated with a higher failure rate than surgical treatment in unselected patients.Ann Surg229781787discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Heider, R, Meyer, AA, Galanko, JA, Behrns, KE 1999Percutaneous drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts is associated with a higher failure rate than surgical treatment in unselected patients.Ann Surg229781787discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
63.
go back to reference Aranha, GV, Prinz, RA, Freeark, RJ, Kruss, DM, Greenlee, HB 1982Evaluation of therapeutic options for pancreatic pseudocysts.Arch Surg117717721discussion 787–789PubMed Aranha, GV, Prinz, RA, Freeark, RJ, Kruss, DM, Greenlee, HB 1982Evaluation of therapeutic options for pancreatic pseudocysts.Arch Surg117717721discussion 787–789PubMed
64.
go back to reference Kozarek, RA 1983Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc29171discussion 787–789 Kozarek, RA 1983Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc29171discussion 787–789
65.
go back to reference Barkin, J, Hyder, S 1989Changing concepts in the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc356264discussion 787–789PubMed Barkin, J, Hyder, S 1989Changing concepts in the management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc356264discussion 787–789PubMed
66.
go back to reference Liguory, C, Lefebvre, J, Vitale, G 1990Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Can J Gastroenterol4568571discussion 787–789 Liguory, C, Lefebvre, J, Vitale, G 1990Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Can J Gastroenterol4568571discussion 787–789
67.
go back to reference Kolars, J, O’Conor, M, Ansel, H, Silvis, S, Vennes, J 1989Pancreatic pseudocysts: clinical and endoscopic experience.Am J Gastroenterol84259263discussion 787–789PubMed Kolars, J, O’Conor, M, Ansel, H, Silvis, S, Vennes, J 1989Pancreatic pseudocysts: clinical and endoscopic experience.Am J Gastroenterol84259263discussion 787–789PubMed
68.
go back to reference Barthet, M, Sahel, J, Bodiou-Bertei, C, Bernard, J 1995Endoscopic transpapillary drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42208213discussion 787–789PubMed Barthet, M, Sahel, J, Bodiou-Bertei, C, Bernard, J 1995Endoscopic transpapillary drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42208213discussion 787–789PubMed
69.
go back to reference Smits, ME, Rauws, EA, Tytgat, GN, Huibregtse, K 1995The efficacy of endoscopic treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42202207discussion 787–789PubMed Smits, ME, Rauws, EA, Tytgat, GN, Huibregtse, K 1995The efficacy of endoscopic treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42202207discussion 787–789PubMed
70.
go back to reference Binmoeller, K, Seifert, H, Walter, A, Soehendra, N 1995Transpapillary and transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42219224discussion 787–789PubMed Binmoeller, K, Seifert, H, Walter, A, Soehendra, N 1995Transpapillary and transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc42219224discussion 787–789PubMed
71.
go back to reference Kozarek, RA, Brayko, C, Harlan, J, Sanowski, R, Cintora, I, Kovac, A 1985Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc31322327discussion 787–789 Kozarek, RA, Brayko, C, Harlan, J, Sanowski, R, Cintora, I, Kovac, A 1985Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Gastrointest Endosc31322327discussion 787–789
72.
go back to reference Dohmoto, M, Rupp, K 1994Endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Endoscopy12935discussion 787–789 Dohmoto, M, Rupp, K 1994Endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Endoscopy12935discussion 787–789
73.
go back to reference Catalano, M, Geenan, J, Schmalz, M, Johnson, G, Dean, R, Hogan, W 1995Treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts with ductal communication by transpapillary pancreatic duct endoprosthesis.Gastrointest Endosc42214218discussion 787–789PubMed Catalano, M, Geenan, J, Schmalz, M, Johnson, G, Dean, R, Hogan, W 1995Treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts with ductal communication by transpapillary pancreatic duct endoprosthesis.Gastrointest Endosc42214218discussion 787–789PubMed
74.
go back to reference Etzkorn, KP, DeGuzman, LJ, Holderman, WH, Abu-Hammour, A, Schlesinger, PK, Harig, JM, Watkins, JL 1995Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: patient selection and evaluation of the outcome by endoscopic ultrasonography.Endoscopy27329333discussion 787–789PubMed Etzkorn, KP, DeGuzman, LJ, Holderman, WH, Abu-Hammour, A, Schlesinger, PK, Harig, JM, Watkins, JL 1995Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: patient selection and evaluation of the outcome by endoscopic ultrasonography.Endoscopy27329333discussion 787–789PubMed
75.
go back to reference Beckingham, IJ, Krige, JE, Bornman, PC, Terblanche, J 1997Endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Br J Surg8416381645discussion 787–789PubMed Beckingham, IJ, Krige, JE, Bornman, PC, Terblanche, J 1997Endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts.Br J Surg8416381645discussion 787–789PubMed
76.
go back to reference Beckingham, IJ, Krige, JE, Bornman, PC, Terblanche, J 1999Long-term outcome of endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Gastroenterol947174discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Beckingham, IJ, Krige, JE, Bornman, PC, Terblanche, J 1999Long-term outcome of endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Gastroenterol947174discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
77.
go back to reference Howell, D, Holbrook, R, Bosco, J, Muggia, R, Biber, B 1993Endoscopic needle localization of pancreatic pseudocysts before transmural drainage.Gastrointest Endosc39693698discussion 787–789PubMed Howell, D, Holbrook, R, Bosco, J, Muggia, R, Biber, B 1993Endoscopic needle localization of pancreatic pseudocysts before transmural drainage.Gastrointest Endosc39693698discussion 787–789PubMed
78.
go back to reference Cremer, M, Deviere, J, Engelholm, L 1989Endoscopic management of cysts and pseudocysts in chronic pancreatitis: long-term follow-up after 7 years of experience.Gastrointest Endosc35l9discussion 787–789 Cremer, M, Deviere, J, Engelholm, L 1989Endoscopic management of cysts and pseudocysts in chronic pancreatitis: long-term follow-up after 7 years of experience.Gastrointest Endosc35l9discussion 787–789
79.
go back to reference Funnell, I, Bornman, PC, Krige, JE, Beningfield, S 1994Endoscopic drainage of traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst.Br J Surg81879881discussion 787–789PubMed Funnell, I, Bornman, PC, Krige, JE, Beningfield, S 1994Endoscopic drainage of traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst.Br J Surg81879881discussion 787–789PubMed
80.
go back to reference Bejanin, H, Liguory, C, Ink, O 1993Endoscopic drainage of pseudocysts of the pancreas: study of 26 cases.Gastroenterol Clin Biol17804810discussion 787–789PubMed Bejanin, H, Liguory, C, Ink, O 1993Endoscopic drainage of pseudocysts of the pancreas: study of 26 cases.Gastroenterol Clin Biol17804810discussion 787–789PubMed
81.
go back to reference Sahel, J, Bastid, C, Pellat, P, Schurgers, P, Sarles, H 1987Endoscopic cystoduodenostomy of cysts of chronic calcifying pancreatitis: a report of 20 cases.Pancreas2447453discussion 787–789PubMed Sahel, J, Bastid, C, Pellat, P, Schurgers, P, Sarles, H 1987Endoscopic cystoduodenostomy of cysts of chronic calcifying pancreatitis: a report of 20 cases.Pancreas2447453discussion 787–789PubMed
82.
go back to reference Prinz, RA 1993Pancreatic pseudocysts: late results after surgical treatment.Beger, HGBuchler, MMalfertheiner, P eds. Standards in pancreatic surgery.Springer-VerlagBerlin, Heidelberg, New York554564discussion 787–789 Prinz, RA 1993Pancreatic pseudocysts: late results after surgical treatment.Beger, HGBuchler, MMalfertheiner, P eds. Standards in pancreatic surgery.Springer-VerlagBerlin, Heidelberg, New York554564discussion 787–789
83.
go back to reference Beger, HG 1989Surgical management of necrotizing pancreatitis.Surg Clin North Am69529549discussion 787–789 Beger, HG 1989Surgical management of necrotizing pancreatitis.Surg Clin North Am69529549discussion 787–789
84.
go back to reference Schutz, SM, Leung, JW 2002Pancreatic endotherapy for pseudocysts and fluid collections.Gastrointest Endosc56150152discussion 787–789PubMed Schutz, SM, Leung, JW 2002Pancreatic endotherapy for pseudocysts and fluid collections.Gastrointest Endosc56150152discussion 787–789PubMed
85.
go back to reference De Palma, GD, Galloro, G, Puzziello, A, Masone, S, Persico, G 2002Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: a long-term follow-up study of 49 patients.Hepatogastroenterology4911131115discussion 787–789PubMed De Palma, GD, Galloro, G, Puzziello, A, Masone, S, Persico, G 2002Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts: a long-term follow-up study of 49 patients.Hepatogastroenterology4911131115discussion 787–789PubMed
86.
go back to reference Thompson, NW, Eckhauser, FE, Vinik, AI, Lloyd, RV, Fiddian-Green, RG, Strodel, WE 1984Cystic neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas and liver.Ann Surg199158164discussion 787–789PubMed Thompson, NW, Eckhauser, FE, Vinik, AI, Lloyd, RV, Fiddian-Green, RG, Strodel, WE 1984Cystic neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas and liver.Ann Surg199158164discussion 787–789PubMed
87.
go back to reference Warshaw, AL 1989Pancreatic cysts and pseudocysts: new rules for a new game.Br J Surg76533534discussion 787–789PubMed Warshaw, AL 1989Pancreatic cysts and pseudocysts: new rules for a new game.Br J Surg76533534discussion 787–789PubMed
88.
go back to reference Fedorak, IJ, Rao, R, Prinz, RA 1994The clinical challenge of multiple pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Surg1682228discussion 787–789PubMed Fedorak, IJ, Rao, R, Prinz, RA 1994The clinical challenge of multiple pancreatic pseudocysts.Am J Surg1682228discussion 787–789PubMed
89.
go back to reference Rau, B, Uhl, W, Buchler, MW, Beger, HG 1997Surgical treatment of infected necrosis.World J Surg21155161discussion 787–789PubMed Rau, B, Uhl, W, Buchler, MW, Beger, HG 1997Surgical treatment of infected necrosis.World J Surg21155161discussion 787–789PubMed
90.
go back to reference Gerzof, SG, Banks, PA, Robbins, AH, Johnson, WC, Spechler, SJ, Wetzner, SM, Snider, JM, Langevin, RE, Jay, ME 1987Early diagnosis of pancreatic infection by computed tomography–guided aspiration.Gastroenterology9313151320discussion 787–789PubMed Gerzof, SG, Banks, PA, Robbins, AH, Johnson, WC, Spechler, SJ, Wetzner, SM, Snider, JM, Langevin, RE, Jay, ME 1987Early diagnosis of pancreatic infection by computed tomography–guided aspiration.Gastroenterology9313151320discussion 787–789PubMed
91.
go back to reference Beger, HG, Isenmann, R 1999Surgical management of necrotizing pancreatitis.Surg Clin North Am79783800, ixdiscussion 787–789 Beger, HG, Isenmann, R 1999Surgical management of necrotizing pancreatitis.Surg Clin North Am79783800, ixdiscussion 787–789
92.
go back to reference Pederzoli, P, Bassi, C, Vesentini, S, Campedelli, A 1993A randomized multicenter clinical trial of antibiotic prophylaxis of septic complications in acute necrotizing pancreatitis with imipenem.Surg Gynecol Obstet176480483discussion 787–789 Pederzoli, P, Bassi, C, Vesentini, S, Campedelli, A 1993A randomized multicenter clinical trial of antibiotic prophylaxis of septic complications in acute necrotizing pancreatitis with imipenem.Surg Gynecol Obstet176480483discussion 787–789
93.
go back to reference Isenmann, R, Rau, B, Beger, HG 1999Bacterial infection and extent of necrosis are determinants of organ failure in patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Br J Surg8610201024discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Isenmann, R, Rau, B, Beger, HG 1999Bacterial infection and extent of necrosis are determinants of organ failure in patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Br J Surg8610201024discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
94.
go back to reference Isenmann, R, Beger, HG 1999Natural history of acute pancreatitis and the role of infection [In Process Citation] .Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroentero13291301discussion 787–789CrossRef Isenmann, R, Beger, HG 1999Natural history of acute pancreatitis and the role of infection [In Process Citation] .Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroentero13291301discussion 787–789CrossRef
95.
go back to reference Banks, PA 1991Infected necrosis: morbidity and therapeutic consequences.Hepatogastroenterology38116119discussion 787–789PubMed Banks, PA 1991Infected necrosis: morbidity and therapeutic consequences.Hepatogastroenterology38116119discussion 787–789PubMed
96.
go back to reference Mier, J, Leon, EL, Castillo, A, Robledo, F, Blanco, R 1997Early versus late necrosectomy in severe necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Am J Surg1737175discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Mier, J, Leon, EL, Castillo, A, Robledo, F, Blanco, R 1997Early versus late necrosectomy in severe necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Am J Surg1737175discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
97.
go back to reference Fernandez-Del Castillo, C, Rattner, DW, Makary, MA, Mostafavi, A, McGrath, D, Warshaw, AL 1998Debridement and closed packing for the treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Ann Surg228676684discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Fernandez-Del Castillo, C, Rattner, DW, Makary, MA, Mostafavi, A, McGrath, D, Warshaw, AL 1998Debridement and closed packing for the treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis [see Comments].Ann Surg228676684discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
98.
go back to reference Beger, HG, Rau, B, Isenmann, R, Mayer, J 1998Surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis.Ann Chir Gynaecol87183189discussion 787–789 Beger, HG, Rau, B, Isenmann, R, Mayer, J 1998Surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis.Ann Chir Gynaecol87183189discussion 787–789
99.
go back to reference Tsiotos, GG, Luque-De Leon, E, Soreide, JA, Bannon, MP, Zietlow, SP, Baerga-Varela, Y, Sarr, MG 1998Management of necrotizing pancreatitis by repeated operative necrosectomy using a zipper technique.Am J Surg1759198discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Tsiotos, GG, Luque-De Leon, E, Soreide, JA, Bannon, MP, Zietlow, SP, Baerga-Varela, Y, Sarr, MG 1998Management of necrotizing pancreatitis by repeated operative necrosectomy using a zipper technique.Am J Surg1759198discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
100.
go back to reference Tsiotos, GG, Luque-De Leon, E, Sarr, MG 1998Long-term outcome of necrotizing pancreatitis treated by necrosectomy.Br J Surg8516501653discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Tsiotos, GG, Luque-De Leon, E, Sarr, MG 1998Long-term outcome of necrotizing pancreatitis treated by necrosectomy.Br J Surg8516501653discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
101.
go back to reference Mithofer, K, Mueller, PR, Warshaw, AL 1997Interventional and surgical treatment of pancreatic abscess.World J Surg21162168discussion 787–789PubMed Mithofer, K, Mueller, PR, Warshaw, AL 1997Interventional and surgical treatment of pancreatic abscess.World J Surg21162168discussion 787–789PubMed
102.
go back to reference van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Chon, KS, D’Agostino, HB, Casola, G, Easter, D, Morgan, RG, Walser, EM, Nealon, WH, Goodacre, B, et al. 1997Percutaneous radiologic drainage of pancreatic abscesses.AJR Am J Roentgenol168979984discussion 787–789 van Sonnenberg, E, Wittich, GR, Chon, KS, D’Agostino, HB, Casola, G, Easter, D, Morgan, RG, Walser, EM, Nealon, WH, Goodacre, B,  et al. 1997Percutaneous radiologic drainage of pancreatic abscesses.AJR Am J Roentgenol168979984discussion 787–789
103.
go back to reference Echenique, AM, Sleeman, D, Yrizarry, J, Scagnelli, T, Guerra Jr, JL, Casillas, VJ, Huson, H, Russell, E 1998Percutaneous catheter-directed debridement of infected pancreatic necrosis: results in 20 patients.J Vasc Interv Radiol9565571discussion 787–789PubMed Echenique, AM, Sleeman, D, Yrizarry, J, Scagnelli, T, Guerra Jr, JL, Casillas, VJ, Huson, H, Russell, E 1998Percutaneous catheter-directed debridement of infected pancreatic necrosis: results in 20 patients.J Vasc Interv Radiol9565571discussion 787–789PubMed
104.
go back to reference Gagner, M 1996Laparoscopic treatment of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.Semin Laparosc Surg32128discussion 787–789 Gagner, M 1996Laparoscopic treatment of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.Semin Laparosc Surg32128discussion 787–789
105.
go back to reference Gambiez, LP, Denimal, FA, Porte, HL, Saudemont, A, Chambon, JP, Quandalle, PA 1998Retroperitoneal approach and endoscopic management of peripancreatic necrosis collections.Arch Surg1336672discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Gambiez, LP, Denimal, FA, Porte, HL, Saudemont, A, Chambon, JP, Quandalle, PA 1998Retroperitoneal approach and endoscopic management of peripancreatic necrosis collections.Arch Surg1336672discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
106.
go back to reference Alverdy, J, Vargish, T, Desai, T, Frawley, B, Rosen, B 2000Laparoscopic intracavitary debridement of peripancreatic necrosis: preliminary report and description of the technique.Surgery127112114discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Alverdy, J, Vargish, T, Desai, T, Frawley, B, Rosen, B 2000Laparoscopic intracavitary debridement of peripancreatic necrosis: preliminary report and description of the technique.Surgery127112114discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
107.
go back to reference Carter, CR, McKay, CJ, Imrie, CW 2000Percutaneous necrosectomy and sinus tract endoscopy in the management of infected pancreatic necrosis: an initial experience.Ann Surg232175180discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Carter, CR, McKay, CJ, Imrie, CW 2000Percutaneous necrosectomy and sinus tract endoscopy in the management of infected pancreatic necrosis: an initial experience.Ann Surg232175180discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
108.
go back to reference Horvath, KD, Kao, LS, Wherry, KL, Pellegrini, CA, Sinanan, MN 2001A technique for laparoscopic-assisted percutaneous drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis and pancreatic abscess.Surg Endosc1512211225discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Horvath, KD, Kao, LS, Wherry, KL, Pellegrini, CA, Sinanan, MN 2001A technique for laparoscopic-assisted percutaneous drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis and pancreatic abscess.Surg Endosc1512211225discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
109.
go back to reference Bradley, EL III 1999Operative vs Nonoperative therapy in necrotizing pancreatitis.Digestion60(Suppl 1)1921CrossRef Bradley, EL III 1999Operative vs Nonoperative therapy in necrotizing pancreatitis.Digestion60(Suppl 1)1921CrossRef
110.
go back to reference Horvath, KD, Kao, LS, Ali, A, Wherry, KL, Pellegrini, CA, Sinanan, MN 2001Laparoscopic assisted percutaneous drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis.Surg Endosc15677682discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Horvath, KD, Kao, LS, Ali, A, Wherry, KL, Pellegrini, CA, Sinanan, MN 2001Laparoscopic assisted percutaneous drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis.Surg Endosc15677682discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
111.
go back to reference Bradley, EL III, Austin, H 1982Multiple pancreatic pseudocysts: the principle of internal cystocystostomy in surgical management.Surgery92111116PubMed Bradley, EL III, Austin, H 1982Multiple pancreatic pseudocysts: the principle of internal cystocystostomy in surgical management.Surgery92111116PubMed
112.
go back to reference Meyer-Burg, J 1972[Laparoscopy, palapation and biopsy of the pancreas].Leber Magen Darm29394discussion 787–789PubMed Meyer-Burg, J 1972[Laparoscopy, palapation and biopsy of the pancreas].Leber Magen Darm29394discussion 787–789PubMed
113.
go back to reference Meyer-Burg, J 1972[Laparoscopic examination of the pancreas].Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig38697704discussion 787–789PubMed Meyer-Burg, J 1972[Laparoscopic examination of the pancreas].Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig38697704discussion 787–789PubMed
114.
go back to reference Ishida, H, Furukawa, Y, Kuroda, H, Kobayashi, M, Tsuneoka, K 1981Laparoscopic observation and biopsy of the pancrease.Endoscopy136873discussion 787–789 Ishida, H, Furukawa, Y, Kuroda, H, Kobayashi, M, Tsuneoka, K 1981Laparoscopic observation and biopsy of the pancrease.Endoscopy136873discussion 787–789
115.
go back to reference Salky, BA, Bauer, JJ, Gelernt, IM, Kreel, I 1988The use of laparoscopy in retroperitoneal pathology.Gastrointest Endosc34227230discussion 787–789PubMed Salky, BA, Bauer, JJ, Gelernt, IM, Kreel, I 1988The use of laparoscopy in retroperitoneal pathology.Gastrointest Endosc34227230discussion 787–789PubMed
116.
go back to reference Huang, JJ, Yeo, CJ, Sohn, TA, Lillemoe, KD, Sauter, PK, Coleman, J, Hruban, RH, Cameron, JL 2000Quality of life and outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Ann Surg231890898discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed Huang, JJ, Yeo, CJ, Sohn, TA, Lillemoe, KD, Sauter, PK, Coleman, J, Hruban, RH, Cameron, JL 2000Quality of life and outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Ann Surg231890898discussion 787–789CrossRefPubMed
117.
go back to reference Vickers, SM, Chan, C, Heslin, MJ, Bartolucci, A, Aldrete, JS 1999The role of pancreaticoduodenectomy in the treatment of severe chronic pancreatitis.Am Surg6511081111discussion 1111–1112PubMed Vickers, SM, Chan, C, Heslin, MJ, Bartolucci, A, Aldrete, JS 1999The role of pancreaticoduodenectomy in the treatment of severe chronic pancreatitis.Am Surg6511081111discussion 1111–1112PubMed
118.
go back to reference Rios, G, Conrad, A, Cole, D, Adams, D, Leveen, M, O’Brien, P, Baron, P 1999Trends in indications and outcomes in the Whipple procedure over a 40-year period.Am Surg65889893discussion 1111–1112PubMed Rios, G, Conrad, A, Cole, D, Adams, D, Leveen, M, O’Brien, P, Baron, P 1999Trends in indications and outcomes in the Whipple procedure over a 40-year period.Am Surg65889893discussion 1111–1112PubMed
119.
go back to reference Gagner, M, Pomp, A 1994Laparoscopic pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy.Surg Endosc8408410discussion 1111–1112PubMed Gagner, M, Pomp, A 1994Laparoscopic pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy.Surg Endosc8408410discussion 1111–1112PubMed
120.
go back to reference Yeo, CJ, Wang, BH, Anthone, GJ, Cameron, JL 1993Surgical experience with pancreatic islet-cell tumors.Arch Surg12811431148discussion 1111–1112PubMed Yeo, CJ, Wang, BH, Anthone, GJ, Cameron, JL 1993Surgical experience with pancreatic islet-cell tumors.Arch Surg12811431148discussion 1111–1112PubMed
121.
go back to reference Gagner, M, Pomp, A, Herrera, MF 1996Early experience with laparoscopic resections of islet cell tumors.Surgery12010511054discussion 1111–1112PubMed Gagner, M, Pomp, A, Herrera, MF 1996Early experience with laparoscopic resections of islet cell tumors.Surgery12010511054discussion 1111–1112PubMed
122.
go back to reference Talamini, MA, Moesinger, R, Yeo, CJ, Poulose, B, Hruban, RH, Cameron, JL, Pitt, HA 1998Cystadenomas of the pancreas: is enucleation an adequate operation?Ann Surg227896903discussion 1111–1112PubMed Talamini, MA, Moesinger, R, Yeo, CJ, Poulose, B, Hruban, RH, Cameron, JL, Pitt, HA 1998Cystadenomas of the pancreas: is enucleation an adequate operation?Ann Surg227896903discussion 1111–1112PubMed
123.
go back to reference Broughan, TA, Leslie, JD, Soto, JM, Hermann, RE 1986Pancreatic islet cell tumors.Surgery99671678discussion 1111–1112PubMed Broughan, TA, Leslie, JD, Soto, JM, Hermann, RE 1986Pancreatic islet cell tumors.Surgery99671678discussion 1111–1112PubMed
124.
go back to reference Cuschieri, SA, Jakimowicz, JJ 1998Laparoscopic pancreatic resections.Semin Laparosc Surg5168179discussion 1111–1112PubMed Cuschieri, SA, Jakimowicz, JJ 1998Laparoscopic pancreatic resections.Semin Laparosc Surg5168179discussion 1111–1112PubMed
125.
go back to reference Rothmund, M, Angelini, L, Brunt, LM, Farndon, JR, Geelhoed, G, Grama, D, Herfarth, C, Kaplan, EL, Largiader, F, Morino, F, et al. 1990Surgery for benign insulinoma: an international review.World J Surg14393398discussion 398–399PubMed Rothmund, M, Angelini, L, Brunt, LM, Farndon, JR, Geelhoed, G, Grama, D, Herfarth, C, Kaplan, EL, Largiader, F, Morino, F,  et al. 1990Surgery for benign insulinoma: an international review.World J Surg14393398discussion 398–399PubMed
126.
go back to reference Geoghegan, JG, Jackson, JE, Lewis, MP, Owen, ER, Bloom, SR, Lynn, JA, Williamson, RC 1994Localization and surgical management of insulinoma.Br J Surg8110251028discussion 398–399PubMed Geoghegan, JG, Jackson, JE, Lewis, MP, Owen, ER, Bloom, SR, Lynn, JA, Williamson, RC 1994Localization and surgical management of insulinoma.Br J Surg8110251028discussion 398–399PubMed
127.
go back to reference Schumacher, B, Lubke, HJ, Frieling, T, Strohmeyer, G, Starke, AA 1996Prospective study on the detection of insulinomas by endoscopic ultrasonography.Endoscopy28273276discussion 398–399PubMed Schumacher, B, Lubke, HJ, Frieling, T, Strohmeyer, G, Starke, AA 1996Prospective study on the detection of insulinomas by endoscopic ultrasonography.Endoscopy28273276discussion 398–399PubMed
128.
go back to reference Finney, J 1910Resections of the pancreas.Trans Am Surg Assoc16869discussion 398–399 Finney, J 1910Resections of the pancreas.Trans Am Surg Assoc16869discussion 398–399
129.
go back to reference Gudjonsson, B 1987Cancer of the pancreas: 50 years of surgery.Cancer6022842303discussion 398–399PubMed Gudjonsson, B 1987Cancer of the pancreas: 50 years of surgery.Cancer6022842303discussion 398–399PubMed
130.
go back to reference Lillemoe, KD, Kaushal, S, Cameron, JL, Sohn, TA, Pitt, HA, Yeo, CJ 1999Distal pancreatectomy: indications and outcomes in 235 patients.Ann Surg229693698discussion 698–700CrossRefPubMed Lillemoe, KD, Kaushal, S, Cameron, JL, Sohn, TA, Pitt, HA, Yeo, CJ 1999Distal pancreatectomy: indications and outcomes in 235 patients.Ann Surg229693698discussion 698–700CrossRefPubMed
131.
go back to reference Fernandez-del Castillo, C, Rattner, DW, Warshaw, AL 1995Standards for pancreatic resection in the 1990s.Arch Surg130295299discussion 299–300PubMed Fernandez-del Castillo, C, Rattner, DW, Warshaw, AL 1995Standards for pancreatic resection in the 1990s.Arch Surg130295299discussion 299–300PubMed
132.
go back to reference Aldridge, MC, Williamson, RC 1991Distal pancreatectomy with and without splenectomy.Br J Surg78976979discussion 299–300PubMed Aldridge, MC, Williamson, RC 1991Distal pancreatectomy with and without splenectomy.Br J Surg78976979discussion 299–300PubMed
133.
go back to reference da Cunha, JE, Machado, MC, Penteado, S, Bacchella, T, Jukemura, J 2000Distal pancreatectomy without splenectomy and with preservation of splenic vessels.Hepatogastroenterology4714441446discussion 299–300PubMed da Cunha, JE, Machado, MC, Penteado, S, Bacchella, T, Jukemura, J 2000Distal pancreatectomy without splenectomy and with preservation of splenic vessels.Hepatogastroenterology4714441446discussion 299–300PubMed
134.
go back to reference Cuschieri, A, Jakimowicz, JJ, van Spreeuwel, J 1996Laparoscopic distal 70% pancreatectomy and splenectomy for chronic pancreatitis.Ann Surg223280285discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Cuschieri, A, Jakimowicz, JJ, van Spreeuwel, J 1996Laparoscopic distal 70% pancreatectomy and splenectomy for chronic pancreatitis.Ann Surg223280285discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
135.
go back to reference Rattner, DW, Fernandez-del Castillo, C, Warshaw, AL 1999Cystic pancreatic neoplasms.Ann Oncol10104106discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Rattner, DW, Fernandez-del Castillo, C, Warshaw, AL 1999Cystic pancreatic neoplasms.Ann Oncol10104106discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
136.
go back to reference Pyke, CM, van Heerden, JA, Colby, TV, Sarr, MG, Weaver, AL 1992The spectrum of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas: clinical, pathologic, and surgical aspects.Ann Surg215132139discussion 299–300PubMed Pyke, CM, van Heerden, JA, Colby, TV, Sarr, MG, Weaver, AL 1992The spectrum of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas: clinical, pathologic, and surgical aspects.Ann Surg215132139discussion 299–300PubMed
137.
go back to reference Sarr, MG, Murr, M, Smyrk, TC, Yeo, CJ, Fernandez-del-Castillo, C, Hawes, RH, Freeny, PC 2003Primary cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: neoplastic disorders of emerging importance—current state-of-the-art and unanswered questions.J Gastrointest Surg7417428discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Sarr, MG, Murr, M, Smyrk, TC, Yeo, CJ, Fernandez-del-Castillo, C, Hawes, RH, Freeny, PC 2003Primary cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: neoplastic disorders of emerging importance—current state-of-the-art and unanswered questions.J Gastrointest Surg7417428discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
138.
go back to reference Sarr, MG, Carpenter, HA, Prabhakar, LP, Orchard, TF, Hughes, S, van Heerden, JA, DiMagno, EP 2000Clinical and pathologic correlation of 84 mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: can one reliably differentiate benign from malignant (or premalignant) neoplasms?Ann Surg231205212discussion 299–300PubMed Sarr, MG, Carpenter, HA, Prabhakar, LP, Orchard, TF, Hughes, S, van Heerden, JA, DiMagno, EP 2000Clinical and pathologic correlation of 84 mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: can one reliably differentiate benign from malignant (or premalignant) neoplasms?Ann Surg231205212discussion 299–300PubMed
139.
go back to reference Shima, Y, Mori, M, Takakura, N, Kimura, T, Yagi, T, Tanaka, N 2000Diagnosis and management of cystic pancreatic tumours with mucin production.Br J Surg8710411047discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Shima, Y, Mori, M, Takakura, N, Kimura, T, Yagi, T, Tanaka, N 2000Diagnosis and management of cystic pancreatic tumours with mucin production.Br J Surg8710411047discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
140.
go back to reference Box, JC, Douglas, HO 2000Management of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.Am Surg66495501discussion 299–300PubMed Box, JC, Douglas, HO 2000Management of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.Am Surg66495501discussion 299–300PubMed
141.
go back to reference Patterson, EJ, Gagner, M, Salky, B, Inabnet, WB, Brower, S, Edye, M, Gurland, B, Reiner, M, Pertsemlides, D 2001Laparoscopic pancreatic resection: single-institution experience of 19 patients.J Am Coll Surg193281287discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Patterson, EJ, Gagner, M, Salky, B, Inabnet, WB, Brower, S, Edye, M, Gurland, B, Reiner, M, Pertsemlides, D 2001Laparoscopic pancreatic resection: single-institution experience of 19 patients.J Am Coll Surg193281287discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
142.
go back to reference Fernandez-Cruz, L, Saenz, A, Astudillo, E, Pantoja, JP, Uzcategui, E, Navarro, S 2002Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery in patients with chronic pancreatitis.Surg Endosc169961003discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Fernandez-Cruz, L, Saenz, A, Astudillo, E, Pantoja, JP, Uzcategui, E, Navarro, S 2002Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery in patients with chronic pancreatitis.Surg Endosc169961003discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
143.
go back to reference Fernandez-Cruz, L, Saenz, A, Astudillo, E, Martinez, I, Hoyos, S, Pantoja, JP, Navarro, S 2002Outcome of laparoscopic pancreatic surgery: endocrine and nonendocrine tumors.World J Surg2610571065discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Fernandez-Cruz, L, Saenz, A, Astudillo, E, Martinez, I, Hoyos, S, Pantoja, JP, Navarro, S 2002Outcome of laparoscopic pancreatic surgery: endocrine and nonendocrine tumors.World J Surg2610571065discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
144.
go back to reference Vezakis, A, Davides, D, Larvin, M, McMahon, MJ 1999Laparoscopic surgery combined with preservation of the spleen for distal pancreatic tumors.Surg Endosc132629discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Vezakis, A, Davides, D, Larvin, M, McMahon, MJ 1999Laparoscopic surgery combined with preservation of the spleen for distal pancreatic tumors.Surg Endosc132629discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
145.
go back to reference Gramatica Jr, L, Herrera, MF, Mercado-Luna, A, Sierra, M, Verasay, G, Brunner, N 2002Videolaparoscopic resection of insulinomas: experience in two institutions.World J Surg2612971300discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Gramatica Jr, L, Herrera, MF, Mercado-Luna, A, Sierra, M, Verasay, G, Brunner, N 2002Videolaparoscopic resection of insulinomas: experience in two institutions.World J Surg2612971300discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
146.
go back to reference Lo, CY, Lo, CM, Fan, ST 2000Role of laparoscopic ultrasonography in intraoperative localization of pancreatic insulinoma.Surg Endosc1411311135discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Lo, CY, Lo, CM, Fan, ST 2000Role of laparoscopic ultrasonography in intraoperative localization of pancreatic insulinoma.Surg Endosc1411311135discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
147.
go back to reference Iihara, M, Kanbe, M, Okamoto, T, Ito, Y, Obara, T 2001Laparoscopic ultrasonography for resection of insulinomas.Surgery13010861091discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Iihara, M, Kanbe, M, Okamoto, T, Ito, Y, Obara, T 2001Laparoscopic ultrasonography for resection of insulinomas.Surgery13010861091discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
148.
go back to reference Spitz, JD, Lilly, MC, Tetik, C, Arregui, ME 2000Ultrasound-guided laparoscopic resection of pancreatic islet cell tumors.Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech10168173discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed Spitz, JD, Lilly, MC, Tetik, C, Arregui, ME 2000Ultrasound-guided laparoscopic resection of pancreatic islet cell tumors.Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech10168173discussion 299–300CrossRefPubMed
149.
go back to reference Berends, FJ, Cuesta, MA, Kazemier, G, van Eijck, CH, de Herder, WW, van Muiswinkel, JM, Bruining, HA, Bonjer, HJ 2000Laparoscopic detection and resection of insulinomas.Surgery128386391discussion 299–300 Berends, FJ, Cuesta, MA, Kazemier, G, van Eijck, CH, de Herder, WW, van Muiswinkel, JM, Bruining, HA, Bonjer, HJ 2000Laparoscopic detection and resection of insulinomas.Surgery128386391discussion 299–300
Metadata
Title
Minimal-access approaches to complications of acute pancreatitis and benign neoplasms of the pancreas
Authors
T. A. Kellogg
K. D. Horvath
Publication date
01-11-2003
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Surgical Endoscopy / Issue 11/2003
Print ISSN: 0930-2794
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-003-8188-8

Other articles of this Issue 11/2003

Surgical Endoscopy 11/2003 Go to the issue

Letter to the editor

The author replies