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Dysphagia
Published in: Dysphagia 2/2013

01-06-2013 | Original Article

The Influence of Age, Sex, Bulb Position, Visual Feedback, and the Order of Testing on Maximum Anterior and Posterior Tongue Strength and Endurance in Healthy Belgian Adults

Authors: Jan Vanderwegen, Cindy Guns, Gwen Van Nuffelen, Rik Elen, Marc De Bodt

Published in: Dysphagia | Issue 2/2013

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Abstract

This study collected data on the maximum anterior and posterior tongue strength and endurance in 420 healthy Belgians across the adult life span to explore the influence of age, sex, bulb position, visual feedback, and order of testing. Measures were obtained using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Older participants (more than 70 years old) demonstrated significantly lower strength than younger persons at the anterior and the posterior tongue. Endurance remains stable throughout the major part of life. Gender influence remains significant but minor throughout life, with males showing higher pressures and longer endurance. The anterior part of the tongue has both higher strength and longer endurance than the posterior part. Mean maximum tongue pressures in this European population seem to be lower than American values and are closer to Asian results. The normative data can be used for objective assessment of tongue weakness and subsequent therapy planning of dysphagic patients.
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Metadata
Title
The Influence of Age, Sex, Bulb Position, Visual Feedback, and the Order of Testing on Maximum Anterior and Posterior Tongue Strength and Endurance in Healthy Belgian Adults
Authors
Jan Vanderwegen
Cindy Guns
Gwen Van Nuffelen
Rik Elen
Marc De Bodt
Publication date
01-06-2013
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Dysphagia / Issue 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0179-051X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0460
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-012-9425-x

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