Top

Published in:

01-12-2016 | Original Article

Environmental risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome in Japan

Authors: Masako Hirabayashi, Masao Yoshinaga, Yuichi Nomura, Hiroya Ushinohama, Seiichi Sato, Nobuo Tauchi, Hitoshi Horigome, Hideto Takahashi, Naokata Sumitomo, Hirohiko Shiraishi, Masami Nagashima

Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 12/2016

Abstract

While the prevalence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has decreased worldwide, this decline has plateaued recently. Strategies are needed to resume the constant decrease of SIDS in Japan. A prospective electrocardiographic screening program for infants was performed between July 2010 and March 2011. Parents of 4319 infants were asked about environmental factors related to SIDS through questionnaires at a one-month medical checkup and one year. Parental awareness of prone position, smoke exposure, and breast feeding as environmental factors were 81.4 %, 69.0 %, and 47.8 %, respectively. The prevalence of laying infants exclusively in a supine position was 96.7 %. At the one-month medical checkup, smoking prevalence was 41.7 % in fathers and 2.1 % in mothers. Maternal smoking prevalence was significantly increased at one year after (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that risk factors for new or continued maternal smoking habits were maternal smoking habits at one month (p < 0.001), paternal smoking habits one year later (p < 0.001), and younger maternal age (p = 0.02).

Conclusion: Most parents already avoid laying infants in the prone position, and parental smoking is still a SIDS risk concern in Japan. Smoking cessation programs should be further implemented for parents to decrease risks of SIDS in Japan.

What is Known:

• The prevalence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has decreased worldwide, however, this decline has plateaued recently.

What is New:

• Most infants were laid sleeping in the supine position (96.7 %) and were fed breast milk or a mix of expressed milk and formula (92.7 %), and 2.1 % of mothers smoked at the one-month medical checkup.

• Maternal smoking prevalence significantly increased from the one-month medical checkup to one year later, and smoking mothers were more likely to feed infants by formula rather than breast milk.

• Independent risk factors for new or continued maternal smoking habits included younger maternal age, maternal smoking habits at one month, and paternal smoking habits one year later.

Alm B, Milerad J, Wennergren G, Skjaerven R, Oyen N, Norvenius G, Daltveit AK, Helweg-Larsen K, Markestad T, Irgens LM (1998) A case-control study of smoking and sudden infant death syndrome in the Scandinavian countries, 1992 to1995. Arch Dis Child 78:329–334CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Almanac of data on Japanese children. Japan Child and Family Research Institute (JCFRI). http://www.aiiku.or.jp/index.htm (in Japanese, accessed on September 9, 2014).

Bahadori B, Riediger ND, Farrell SM, Uitz E, Moghadasian MF (2013) Hypothesis: smoking decreases breast feeding duration by suppressing prolactin secretion. Med Hypotheses 81:582–586CrossRefPubMed

Brown CR, Dodds L, Attenborough R, Bryanton J, Rose AE, Flowerdew G, Langille D, Lauzon L, Semenic S (2013) Rates and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in first 6 months among women in Nova Scotia: a population-based cohort study. CMAJ OPEN 16:E9–E17CrossRef

Carpenter R, McGarvey C, Mitchell EA, Tappin DM, Vennemann MM, Smuk M, Carpenter JR (2013) Bed sharing when parents do not smoke: is there a risk of SIDS? An individual level analysis of five major case-control studies BMJ Open 3:e002299PubMed

Gilbert R, Salanti G, Harden M, See S (2005) Infant sleeping position and the sudden infant death syndrome: systematic review of observational studies and historical review of recommendations from 1940 to 2002. Int J Epidemiol 34:874–887CrossRefPubMed

Hauck FR, Thompson JM, Tanabe KO, Moon RY, Vennemann MM (2011) Breastfeeding and reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 128:103–110CrossRefPubMed

Health promotion strategies: Smoking. In: Journal of Health and Welfare Statistics. Health, Labour, and Welfare Statistics Association. Tokyo, 2014: 107–110

Huang Y, Hauck FR, Signore C, Yu A, Raju TN, Huang TT, Fein SB (2013) Influence of bedsharing activity on breastfeeding duration among US mothers. JAMA Pediatr 167:1038–1044CrossRefPubMed

10.

Hunt CE, Hauck FR (2011) Sudden infant death syndrome. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme III JW, Schor NF, Behrman RE (eds) Nelson textbook of pediatrics, 19th edn. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 1421–1429CrossRef

11.

Lauria L, Lamberti A, Grandolfo M (2012) Smoking behaviour before, during, and after pregnancy: the effect of breastfeeding. ScientificWorldJournal 2012:154910CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Liebrechts-Akkerman G, Lao O, Liu F, van Sleuwen BE, Engelberts AC, L’hoir MP, Tiemeier HW, Kayser M (2011) Postnatal parental smoking: an important risk factor for SIDS. Eur J Pediatr 170:1281–1291CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Matsumura T, Taniguchi C, Hamagashira N (2009) Current state of smoking and alcohol drinking among pregnant women in Kyoto City. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 56:655–661 [in Japanese, English abstract]PubMed

14.

Mitchell EA, Ford RPK, Stewart AW, Taylor BJ, Becroft DMO, Thompson JMD, Scragg R, Hassall IB, Barry DMJ, Allen EM, Roberts AP (1993) Smoking and the sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics 91:893–896PubMed

15.

Moon RY, Horne RS, Hauck FR (2007) Sudden infant death syndrome. Lancet 370:1578–1587CrossRefPubMed

16.

Moon RY, Sprague BM, Patel KM (2005) Stable prevalence but changing risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome in child care settings in 2001. Pediatrics 116:972–977CrossRefPubMed

17.

Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Moon RY (2011) SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: expansion of recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment. Pediatrics 128:1030–1039CrossRef

18.

Vennemann MM, Bajanowski T, Brinkmann B, Jorch G, Sauerland C, Mitchell EA (2009) Sleep environment risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome: the German sudden infant death syndrome study. Pediatrics 123:1162–1170CrossRefPubMed

19.

Willinger M, James LS, Catz C (1991) Defining the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): deliberations of an expert panel convened by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Pediatr Pathol 11:677–684CrossRefPubMed

20.

Yoshinaga M, Ushinohama H, Sato S, Tauchi N, Horigome H, Takahashi H, Sumitomo N, Kucho Y, Shiraishi H, Nomura Y, Shimizu W, Nagashima M (2013) Electrocardiographic screening of 1-month-old infants for identifying prolonged QT intervals. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 6:932–938CrossRefPubMed

21.

Yoshinaga M (2013) Prevalence of sudden death and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in infants, children, and adolescents; what does it imply? Circ J 77:2475–2476CrossRefPubMed

Title: Environmental risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome in Japan
Authors: Masako Hirabayashi
Masao Yoshinaga
Yuichi Nomura
Hiroya Ushinohama
Seiichi Sato
Nobuo Tauchi
Hitoshi Horigome
Hideto Takahashi
Naokata Sumitomo
Hirohiko Shiraishi
Masami Nagashima
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 12/2016
Print ISSN: 0340-6199
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-016-2786-7

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Environmental risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome in Japan

Abstract

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 12/2016

Autologous transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue to induce puberty—the endocrinologists’ view

Utility of near-infrared light devices for pediatric peripheral intravenous cannulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Does psychosocial competency training for junior physicians working in pediatric medicine improve individual skills and perceived job stress

Mitochondrial diabetes in Germany and Austria

Direct cardiac involvement in childhood hemolytic-uremic syndrome: case report and review of the literature

Noradrenaline in preterm infants with cardiovascular compromise