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01-11-2015 | Original Article

Neonatal outcome after fetal anemia managed by intrauterine transfusion

Authors: C. Garabedian, T. Rakza, D. Thomas, B. Wibaut, P. Vaast, D. Subtil, V. Houfflin-Debarge

Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 11/2015

Abstract

In-utero transfusion is now well under control and improves the survival of foetuses monitored for fetal anemia with a survival rate of more than 80 %. The aim was to evaluate short-term neonatal outcome after fetal severe anemia managed by intrauterine transfusions. We did a retrospective study of all neonates born after management of severe fetal anemia (n = 93) between January 1999 and January 2013 in our regional center. The two main causes of anemia were maternal red blood cell alloimmunization (N = 81, 87 %) and Parvovirus B19 infection (N = 10, 10.8 %). In the alloimmunization group, phototherapy was implemented in 85.2 % of cases with a maximum level of bilirubin of 114.4 ± 60.7 (mg/dl). Transfusion and exchange transfusion were, respectively, required in 51.9 % and in 34.6 % of cases. One neonate presented a convulsive episode, and we observed three neonatal deaths. In the parvovirus group, none of the child had anemia at birth and no management was necessary.

Conclusion: Contemporary management of Rhesus disease is associated with encouraging neonatal outcomes. In case of Parvovirus infection, no specific management is necessary at. But, in all cases of fetal anemia, children should be followed up with particular attention to neurologic development.

What is Known:

• In-utero transfusion is now well under control and improves the survival of fetuses monitored for fetal anemia.

• Limited studies are available on the effect of IUT on postnatal outcome in infants with a history of fetal anemia.

What is New:

• Contemporary management of severe Rhesus disease is associated with encouraging neonatal outcomes.

• The majority of infants can be managed with phototherapy and a limited number of top-up transfusions and exchange transfusions. In case of Parvovirus infection, the short-term neonatal outcome is excellent.

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Title: Neonatal outcome after fetal anemia managed by intrauterine transfusion
Authors: C. Garabedian
T. Rakza
D. Thomas
B. Wibaut
P. Vaast
D. Subtil
V. Houfflin-Debarge
Publication date: 01-11-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 11/2015
Print ISSN: 0340-6199
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-015-2573-x

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Neonatal outcome after fetal anemia managed by intrauterine transfusion

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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