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01-07-2017 | Original Article

The telencephalon of the Göttingen minipig, cytoarchitecture and cortical surface anatomy

Authors: Carsten R. Bjarkam, Andreas N. Glud, Dariusz Orlowski, Jens Christian H. Sørensen, Nicola Palomero-Gallagher

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 5/2017

Abstract

During the last 20 years pigs have become increasingly popular in large animal translational neuroscience research as an economical and ethical feasible substitute to non-human primates. The anatomy of the pig telencephalon is, however, not well known. We present, accordingly, a detailed description of the surface anatomy and cytoarchitecture of the Göttingen minipig telencephalon based on macrophotos and consecutive high-power microphotographs of 15 μm thick paraffin embedded Nissl-stained coronal sections. In 1-year-old specimens the formalin perfused brain measures approximately 55 × 47 × 36 mm (length, width, height) and weighs around 69 g. The telencephalic part of the Göttingen minipig cerebrum covers a large surface area, which can be divided into a neocortical gyrencephalic part located dorsal to the rhinal fissure, and a ventral subrhinal part dominated by olfactory, amygdaloid, septal, and hippocampal structures. This part of the telencephalon is named the subrhinal lobe, and based on cytoarchitectural and sulcal anatomy, can be discerned from the remaining dorsally located neocortical perirhinal/insular, pericallosal, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. The inner subcortical structure of the minipig telencephalon is dominated by a prominent ventricular system and large basal ganglia, wherein the putamen and the caudate nucleus posterior and dorsally are separated into two entities by the internal capsule, whereas both structures ventrally fuse into a large accumbens nucleus. The presented anatomical data is accompanied by surface renderings and high-power macrophotographs illustrating the telencephalic sulcal pattern, and the localization of the identified lobes and cytoarchitectonic areas. Additionally, 24 representative Nissl-stained telencephalic coronal sections are presented as supplementary material in atlas form on http://www.cense.dk/minipig_atlas/index.html and referred to as S1–S24 throughout the manuscript.

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Title: The telencephalon of the Göttingen minipig, cytoarchitecture and cortical surface anatomy
Authors: Carsten R. Bjarkam
Andreas N. Glud
Dariusz Orlowski
Jens Christian H. Sørensen
Nicola Palomero-Gallagher
Publication date: 01-07-2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 5/2017
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1327-5

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The telencephalon of the Göttingen minipig, cytoarchitecture and cortical surface anatomy

Abstract

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