Top

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

Published in:

01-12-2011 | Original Article

Identifying patterns of recovery experiences and their links to psychological outcomes across one year

Authors: Marjo Siltaloppi, Ulla Kinnunen, Taru Feldt, Asko Tolvanen

Published in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | Issue 8/2011

Abstract

Purpose

The main aim of this study was to examine patterns of recovery experiences (i.e., psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery and control during off-job time) and their links to psychological outcomes (job burnout, work engagement and sleep problems) across 1 year.

Methods

The study is based on 1-year longitudinal data collected among Finnish employees (n = 274) using questionnaires. First, patterns of recovery experiences, that is, subgroups of employees with unique and distinctive patterns of mean-level stability and change in recovery experiences across 1 year were identified using Latent Profile Analysis. Second, differences in psychological outcomes between the patterns identified were investigated by means of ANOVA/ANCOVA for repeated measures.

Results

Five patterns of recovery experiences were identified. Over 70% of the employees belonged to a pattern with reasonably high stable levels of all four recovery experiences across the 1-year follow-up. This pattern seemed to suffer least from job burnout and sleep problems. Of the four remaining patterns, those with experiences of high levels of mastery and control during off-job time had highest work engagement, and among those with decreasing levels of all recovery experiences job exhaustion increased across time.

Conclusions

Patterns of recovery experiences play a significant role in maintaining long-term psychological well-being.

Ahola K, Honkonen T, Kivimäki M, Virtanen M, Isometsä E, Aromaa A, Lönnqvist J (2006) Contribution of burnout to the association between job strain and depression: the Health 2000 Study. J Occup Environ Med 48:1023–1030CrossRef

Ahola K, Toppinen-Tanner S, Huuhtanen P, Koskinen A, Väänänen A (2009) Occupational burnout and chronic work disability: an eight-year cohort study on pensioning among Finnish forest industry workers. J Affect Disord 115:150–159CrossRef

Åkerstedt T (2006) Psychosocial stress and impaired sleep. Scand J Work Environ Health 32:493–501

Åkerstedt T, Nilsson PM, Kecklund G (2009) Sleep and recovery. In: Sonnentag S, Perrewé PL, Ganster DC (eds) Current perspectives on job-stress recovery. Emerald, Bingley, pp 205–247

Bakker AB, Demerouti E (2007) The job demands-resources model: state of the art. J Manage Psychol 22:309–328CrossRef

Bakker AB, Schaufeli WB, Leiter M, Taris T (2008) Work engagement: an emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work Stress 22:187–200CrossRef

Baruch Y, Holtom B (2008) Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research. Hum Relat 61:1139–1160CrossRef

Bergman L, Magnusson D (1997) A person-oriented approach in research on developmental psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 9:291–319CrossRef

Bergman L, Trost K (2006) The person-oriented vs. variable-oriented approach: are they complementary, opposite, or exploring different worlds? Merrill Palmer Q 52:601–632CrossRef

Binnewies C, Sonnentag S, Mojza EJ (2010) Recovery during the weekend and fluctuations in weekly job performance: a week-level study examining intra-individual relationships. J Occup Organ Psychol 83:419–441CrossRef

Cudeck R, Browne MW (1993) Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen KA, Scott Long J (eds) Testing structural equation models. CA7 Sage, Newbury Park, pp 1–9

de Croon EM, Sluiter JK, Blonk RWB, Broersen JPJ, Frings-Dresen MHW (2004) Stressful work, psychological job strain, and turnover: a 2-year prospective cohort study of truck drivers. J Appl Psychol 89:442–454CrossRef

Demerouti E, Taris TW, Bakker A (2007) Need for recovery, home-work interference and performance: is lack of concentration the link? J Vocat Behav 71:204–220CrossRef

Eden D (2001) Vacations and other respites: studying stress on and off the job. In: Cooper CL, Robertson IT (eds) International review of industrial and organizational psychology. Wiley, Chichester, pp 121–146

Fritz C, Sonnentag S (2005) Recovery, health, and performance: effects of weekend experiences. J Occup Health Psychol 10:187–199CrossRef

Geurts S, Sonnentag S (2006) Recovery as an explanatory mechanism in the relation between acute stress reactions and chronic health impairment. Scand J Work Environ Health 32:482–492

Hobfoll SE (1998) Stress, culture, and community: the psychology and physiology of stress. Plenum Press, New York

Hu L, Bentler PM (1999) Cut-off criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternative. Struct Equ Model 6:1–55CrossRef

Jansen N, Kant I, Kristensen T, Nijhuis F (2003) Antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict: a prospective cohort study. J Occup Environ Med 45:479–491CrossRef

Johns MW, Doré C (1978) Sleep at home and in the sleep laboratory: disturbance by recording procedures. Ergonomics 21:325–330CrossRef

Jöreskog K, Sörbom D (1996) LISREL 8: user’s reference guide. Scientific Software International, Chigaco

Kalimo R, Pahkin K, Mutanen P, Toppinen-Tanner S (2003) Staying well or burning out at work: work characteristics and personal resources as long-term predictors. Work Stress 17:109–122CrossRef

Kalimo R, Hakanen J, Toppinen-Tanner S (2006) Maslachin yleinen työuupumuksen arviointimenetelmä MBI-GS. [The Finnish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory—General Survey]. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki

Killen JD, George J, Marchini E, Silverman S, Thoresen C (1982) Estimating sleep parameters: a multitrait-multimethod analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 50:345–352CrossRef

Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP (1996) Maslach burnout inventory manual, 3rd edn. Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., Palo Alto

Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP (2001) Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 52:397–422CrossRef

Meijman TF, Mulder G (1998) Psychological aspects of workload. In: Drenth PJD, Thierry H (eds) Handbook of work and organizational psychology, vol 2. Work psychology. Psychology Press, Hove, pp 5–33

Muthèn BO (2001) Latent variable mixture modeling. In: Marcoulides GA, Schumacker RE (eds) New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, pp 1–33

Muthèn BO (2003) Statistical and substantive checking in growth mixture modelling: comment on Bauer and Curran (2003). Psychol Methods 8:369–377CrossRef

Muthèn LK, Muthèn OB (1998–2008) Mplus user’s guide. http://www.statmodel.com/index2.html

Muthèn LK, Muthèn BO (2000) Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modelling with latent trajectory classes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 24:882–891CrossRef

Partinen M, Gislason T (1995) Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire (BNSQ): a quantitated measure of subjective sleep complaints. J Sleep Res 4:150–155CrossRef

Satorra A, Bentler PM (2005) Chi-square difference testing using the Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-square. http://www.stat.ucla.edu/papers/preprints1260/

Schaufeli WB, Salanova M, González-Romá V, Bakker AB (2002) The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. J Happiness Stud 3:71–92CrossRef

Schaufeli WB, Bakker AB, Salanova M (2006) The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire. Educ Psychol Meas 66:701–716CrossRef

Schutte N, Toppinen S, Kalimo R, Schaufeli W (2000) The factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) across occupational groups and nations. J Occup Organ Psychol 73:53–66CrossRef

Seppälä P, Mauno S, Feldt T, Hakanen J, Kinnunen U, Tolvanen A, Schaufeli W (2009) The construct validity of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: multisample and longitudinal evidence. J Happiness Stud 10:459–481CrossRef

Siltaloppi M, Kinnunen U, Feldt T (2009) Recovery experiences as moderators between psychosocial work characteristics and occupational well-being. Work Stress 23:330–348CrossRef

Sonnentag S, Bayer U-V (2005) Switching off mentally: predictors and consequences of psychological detachment from work during off-job time. J Occup Health Psychol 10:393–414CrossRef

Sonnentag S, Fritz C (2007) The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. J Occup Health Psychol 12:204–221CrossRef

Sonnentag S, Geurts SAE (2009) Methodological issues in recovery research. In: Sonnentag S, Perrewé PL, Ganster DC (eds) Current perspectives on job-stress recovery. Emerald, Bingley, pp 1–36

Sonnentag S, Binnewies C, Mojza E (2008) Did you have a nice evening? A day-level study of recovery experiences, sleep, and affect. J Appl Psychol 93:674–684CrossRef

Sonnentag S, Binnewies C, Mojza E (2010) Staying well and engaged when demands are high: the role of psychological detachment. J Appl Psychol 95:965–976CrossRef

Spector PE (2006) Method variance in organizational research. Truth or urban legend? Organ Res Methods 9:221–232CrossRef

Sverke M, Hellgren J, Näswall K (2002) No security: a meta-analysis and review of job insecurity and its consequences. J Occup Health Psychol 7:242–264CrossRef

Taris T, Schreurs P, Scahufeli W (1999) Construct validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory—General Survey: two sample examination of its factor structure and correlates. Work Stress 13:223–237CrossRef

Title: Identifying patterns of recovery experiences and their links to psychological outcomes across one year
Authors: Marjo Siltaloppi
Ulla Kinnunen
Taru Feldt
Asko Tolvanen
Publication date: 01-12-2011
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health / Issue 8/2011
Print ISSN: 0340-0131
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1246
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-011-0672-1

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Identifying patterns of recovery experiences and their links to psychological outcomes across one year

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 8/2011

Recovery intention: its association with fatigue in the working population

A systematic review of job-specific workers’ health surveillance activities for fire-fighting, ambulance, police and military personnel

An effectiveness evaluation of a multifaceted preventive intervention on occupational injuries in foundries: a 13-year follow-up study with interrupted time series analysis

Work–family conflict and prolonged fatigue among Japanese married male physicians

The effect on the temporary threshold shift in hearing acuity from combined exposure to authentic noise and hand-arm vibration

Fractions of cardiovascular diseases, mental disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders attributable to job strain