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01-04-2019 | Multiple Sclerosis | Original Communication

Dietary and lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis progression: results from a 5-year longitudinal MRI study

Authors: Dejan Jakimovski, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Sirin Gandhi, Yi Guan, Jesper Hagemeier, Deepa P. Ramasamy, Tom A. Fuchs, Richard W. Browne, Niels Bergsland, Michael G. Dwyer, Murali Ramanathan, Robert Zivadinov

Published in: Journal of Neurology | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Background

Evidence regarding the role, if any, of dietary and lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is poorly understood.

Objective

To assess the effect of lifestyle-based risk factors linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) on clinical and MRI-derived MS outcomes.

Methods

The study enrolled 175 MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) who were longitudinally followed for 5.5 years. The 20-year CVD risk was calculated by Healthy Heart Score (HHS) prediction model which includes age, smoking, body mass index, dietary intake, exercise, and alcohol consumption. Baseline and follow-up MRI scans were obtained and cross-sectional and longitudinal changes of T2-lesion volume (LV), whole brain volume (WBV), white matter volume (WMV), gray matter volume (GMV), and lateral ventricular volume (LVV) were calculated.

Results

After correcting for disease duration, the baseline HHS values of the MS group were associated with baseline GMV (r_s = − 0.20, p = 0.01), and longitudinal LVV change (r_s = 0.19, p = 0.01). The association with LVV remained significant after adjusting for baseline LVV volumes (r_s = 0.2, p = 0.008) in MS patients. The diet component of the HHS was associated with the 5-year T2-LV accrual (r_s = − 0.191, p = 0.04) in MS. In the HC group, the HHS was associated with LVV (r_s = 0.58, p < 0.001), GMV (r_s = − 0.57, p < 0.001), WBV (r_s = − 0.55, p = 0.001), T2-LV (r_s = 0.41, p = 0.027), and WMV (r_s = − 0.38, p = 0.042). Additionally, the HC HHS was associated with the 5-year change in LVV (r_s = 0.54, p = 0.001) and in WBV (r_s = − 0.45, p = 0.011).

Conclusion

Lifestyle risk factors contribute to accelerated central brain atrophy in MS patients, whereas unhealthier diet is associated with MS lesion accrual. Despite the lower overall effect when compared to HCs, lifestyle-based modifications may still provide a beneficial effect on reducing brain atrophy in MS patients.

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Title: Dietary and lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis progression: results from a 5-year longitudinal MRI study
Authors: Dejan Jakimovski
Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
Sirin Gandhi
Yi Guan
Jesper Hagemeier
Deepa P. Ramasamy
Tom A. Fuchs
Richard W. Browne
Niels Bergsland
Michael G. Dwyer
Murali Ramanathan
Robert Zivadinov
Publication date: 01-04-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Multiple Sclerosis
Published in: Journal of Neurology / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0340-5354
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1459
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-019-09208-0

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Dietary and lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis progression: results from a 5-year longitudinal MRI study

Abstract

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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