Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 8/2009

01-12-2009 | Original Paper

Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ICD-10 F23): a review from a European perspective

Authors: Augusto Castagnini, German E. Berrios

Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Issue 8/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

The tenth revision of the International Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders (ICD-10) introduced the category F23 ‘Acute and transient psychotic disorders’ (ATPD) to incorporate clinical concepts such as the French bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis (Germany), and the Scandinavian reactive and schizophreniform psychoses. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on ATPD and to examine how it has been differentiated from the other categories of F2 group ‘schizophrenia and related disorders’. Papers published between 1993 and 2007 were found through searches in Medline, PsychInfo and Google Scholar. Further references were identified from book chapters and comprehensive reviews of the topic. ATPD is reported as being prevalent in females and as having onset in early-middle adulthood. Although follow-up studies suggest that its outcome is more favourable than other disorders in the F2 group, ATPD tends to recur and half of cases convert mainly into either schizophrenia or affective disorders. No evidence supports the view that the traditional conditions subsumed under ATPD all refer to this diagnostic category. The lack of defining features and poor prognostic validity argue against the separation of ATPD from borderland categories.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Abe T, Otsuka K, Kato S (2006) Long-term clinical course of patients with acute polymorphic psychotic disorder without symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 60:452–457CrossRefPubMed Abe T, Otsuka K, Kato S (2006) Long-term clinical course of patients with acute polymorphic psychotic disorder without symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 60:452–457CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Alaghband-Rad J, Boroumand M, Amini H, Sharifi V, Omid A, Davari-Ashtiani R (2006) Non-affective acute remitting psychosis: a preliminary report from Iran. Acta Psychiatr Scand 113:96–101CrossRefPubMed Alaghband-Rad J, Boroumand M, Amini H, Sharifi V, Omid A, Davari-Ashtiani R (2006) Non-affective acute remitting psychosis: a preliminary report from Iran. Acta Psychiatr Scand 113:96–101CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Albus M, Strauss A, Stieglitz RD (1990) Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (section F2): results of the ICD-10 field trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 23(Suppl 4):155–159CrossRefPubMed Albus M, Strauss A, Stieglitz RD (1990) Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (section F2): results of the ICD-10 field trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 23(Suppl 4):155–159CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth ed (DSM-IV). American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth ed (DSM-IV). American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
5.
go back to reference Amin S, Singh SP, Brewin J, Jones PB, Medley I, Harrison G (1999) Diagnostic stability of first-episode psychosis. Comparison of ICD-10 and DSM-III-R systems. Br J Psychiatry 175:537–543CrossRefPubMed Amin S, Singh SP, Brewin J, Jones PB, Medley I, Harrison G (1999) Diagnostic stability of first-episode psychosis. Comparison of ICD-10 and DSM-III-R systems. Br J Psychiatry 175:537–543CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Amini H, Alaghband-rad J, Omid A, Sharifi V, Davari-Ashtiani R, Momeni F (2005) Diagnostic stability in patients with first-episode psychosis. Austral Psychiatry 13:388–392CrossRef Amini H, Alaghband-rad J, Omid A, Sharifi V, Davari-Ashtiani R, Momeni F (2005) Diagnostic stability in patients with first-episode psychosis. Austral Psychiatry 13:388–392CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Azorin JM, Kaladjian A, Fakra E (2004) Les psychoses breves. Ann Med Psychol 162:457–462 Azorin JM, Kaladjian A, Fakra E (2004) Les psychoses breves. Ann Med Psychol 162:457–462
8.
go back to reference Beckmann H, Franzek E (2001) Cycloid psychoses and their differentation from affective and schizophrenic psychoses. In: Henn F, Sartorius N, Helmchen H, Lauter H (eds) Contemporary psychiatry, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, pp 387–398 Beckmann H, Franzek E (2001) Cycloid psychoses and their differentation from affective and schizophrenic psychoses. In: Henn F, Sartorius N, Helmchen H, Lauter H (eds) Contemporary psychiatry, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, pp 387–398
9.
go back to reference Bertelsen A (2002) Schizophrenia and related disorders: experience with current diagnostic systems. Psychopathology 35:89–93CrossRefPubMed Bertelsen A (2002) Schizophrenia and related disorders: experience with current diagnostic systems. Psychopathology 35:89–93CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Bing L (1994) La theorie de dégénérescence. In: Postel J, Quetel C (eds) Nouvelle histoire de la psychiatrie. Dunod, Paris, pp 233–238 Bing L (1994) La theorie de dégénérescence. In: Postel J, Quetel C (eds) Nouvelle histoire de la psychiatrie. Dunod, Paris, pp 233–238
11.
go back to reference Brockington IF, Perris C, Kendell RE, Hillier VE, Wainwright S (1982) The course and outcome of cycloid psychosis. Psychol Med 12:97–105CrossRefPubMed Brockington IF, Perris C, Kendell RE, Hillier VE, Wainwright S (1982) The course and outcome of cycloid psychosis. Psychol Med 12:97–105CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Castagnini A, Bertelsen A, Munk-Jørgensen P, Berrios GE (2007) The relationship of reactive psychosis and F23 ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders: a register-based comparison. Psychopathology 40:47–53CrossRefPubMed Castagnini A, Bertelsen A, Munk-Jørgensen P, Berrios GE (2007) The relationship of reactive psychosis and F23 ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders: a register-based comparison. Psychopathology 40:47–53CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Castagnini A, Bertelsen A, Berrios GE (2008) Incidence and diagnostic stability of ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders. Compr Psychiatry 49(3):255–261 Castagnini A, Bertelsen A, Berrios GE (2008) Incidence and diagnostic stability of ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders. Compr Psychiatry 49(3):255–261
14.
go back to reference Chakraborty R, Chatterjee A, Choudhary S, Singh AR, Chakraborty PK (2007) Life events in acute and transient psychotic disorders: a comparison with mania. Ger J Psychiatry 10:36–40 Chakraborty R, Chatterjee A, Choudhary S, Singh AR, Chakraborty PK (2007) Life events in acute and transient psychotic disorders: a comparison with mania. Ger J Psychiatry 10:36–40
15.
go back to reference Cooper B (1987) Mental disorder as reaction: the history of a psychiatric concept. In: Katsching H (ed) Life events and psychiatric disorders. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1–32 Cooper B (1987) Mental disorder as reaction: the history of a psychiatric concept. In: Katsching H (ed) Life events and psychiatric disorders. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1–32
16.
go back to reference Cooper JE, Singh SP (2001) Acute and transient psychoses. In: Henn F, Sartorius N, Helmchen H, Lauter H (eds) Contemporary psychiatry, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, pp 413–423 Cooper JE, Singh SP (2001) Acute and transient psychoses. In: Henn F, Sartorius N, Helmchen H, Lauter H (eds) Contemporary psychiatry, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, pp 413–423
17.
go back to reference Cooper JE, Jablensky A, Sartorius N (1990) WHO collaborative studies on acute psychoses using the SCAAPS schedule. In: Stefanis CN et al (eds) Psychiatry: a world perspective, vol 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 185–192 Cooper JE, Jablensky A, Sartorius N (1990) WHO collaborative studies on acute psychoses using the SCAAPS schedule. In: Stefanis CN et al (eds) Psychiatry: a world perspective, vol 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 185–192
18.
go back to reference Cutting J, Clare AW, Man A (1978) Cycloid psychosis: an investigation of the concept. Psychol Med 8:637–648CrossRefPubMed Cutting J, Clare AW, Man A (1978) Cycloid psychosis: an investigation of the concept. Psychol Med 8:637–648CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Das SK, Malhotra S, Basu D (1999) Family study of acute and transient psychotic disorders: comparison with schizophrenia. Soc Psychiatr Psych Epidem 34:328–332CrossRef Das SK, Malhotra S, Basu D (1999) Family study of acute and transient psychotic disorders: comparison with schizophrenia. Soc Psychiatr Psych Epidem 34:328–332CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Das SK, Malhotra S, Basu D, Malhotra R (2001) Testing the stress-vulnerability hypothesis in ICD-10-diagnosed acute and transient psychotic disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 104:56–58CrossRefPubMed Das SK, Malhotra S, Basu D, Malhotra R (2001) Testing the stress-vulnerability hypothesis in ICD-10-diagnosed acute and transient psychotic disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 104:56–58CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Ey H (1954) Les bouffées délirantes et les psychoses hallucinatoires aiguës. Ètude n. 23. In: Ètudes psychiatriques, vol 3. Desclée de Brouwer, Paris, pp 203–324 Ey H (1954) Les bouffées délirantes et les psychoses hallucinatoires aiguës. Ètude n. 23. In: Ètudes psychiatriques, vol 3. Desclée de Brouwer, Paris, pp 203–324
22.
go back to reference Fœrgeman P (1963) Psychogenic psychoses: a description and follow-up of psychoses following psychological stress. Butterworths, London Fœrgeman P (1963) Psychogenic psychoses: a description and follow-up of psychoses following psychological stress. Butterworths, London
23.
go back to reference Garrabé J, Cousin FR (2000) Acute and transient psychotic disorders. In: Gelder M, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Andreasen NC (eds) Oxford textbook of psychiatry, vol 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 644–649 Garrabé J, Cousin FR (2000) Acute and transient psychotic disorders. In: Gelder M, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Andreasen NC (eds) Oxford textbook of psychiatry, vol 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 644–649
24.
go back to reference Geddes J, Carney S (2002) Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. In: Priebe S, Slade M (eds) Evidence in mental health care. Rutledge, London, pp 73–80 Geddes J, Carney S (2002) Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. In: Priebe S, Slade M (eds) Evidence in mental health care. Rutledge, London, pp 73–80
25.
go back to reference Guinness EA (1992) Patterns of mental illness in the early stages of urbanisation. Br J Psychiatry 160(suppl 4):4–11 24–41 Guinness EA (1992) Patterns of mental illness in the early stages of urbanisation. Br J Psychiatry 160(suppl 4):4–11 24–41
26.
go back to reference Guldberg CA, Dahl AA, Bertelsen A, Hansen H, Haslerud J, Hytten K, Narud K (1996) The reactivity of psychosis rating form (RPRF): background, development and psychometrics. Acta Psychiatr Scand 93:113–118CrossRefPubMed Guldberg CA, Dahl AA, Bertelsen A, Hansen H, Haslerud J, Hytten K, Narud K (1996) The reactivity of psychosis rating form (RPRF): background, development and psychometrics. Acta Psychiatr Scand 93:113–118CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Hatotani N (1996) The concept of ‘atypical psychoses’: special reference to its development in Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 50:1–10CrossRefPubMed Hatotani N (1996) The concept of ‘atypical psychoses’: special reference to its development in Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 50:1–10CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Jablensky A (2001) Classification of nonschizophrenic psychotic disorders: a historical perspective. Curr Psychiatry Rep 3:326–331CrossRefPubMed Jablensky A (2001) Classification of nonschizophrenic psychotic disorders: a historical perspective. Curr Psychiatry Rep 3:326–331CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Jäger MDM, Hintermayr M, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2003) Course and outcome of first-admitted patients with acute and transient psychotic disorders (ICD-10: F23). Focus on relapses and social adjustment. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 253:209–215CrossRef Jäger MDM, Hintermayr M, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2003) Course and outcome of first-admitted patients with acute and transient psychotic disorders (ICD-10: F23). Focus on relapses and social adjustment. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 253:209–215CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Jäger M, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2003) On the descriptive validity of ICD-10 schizophrenia: empirical analyses in the spectrum of non-affective functional psychoses. Psychopathology 36:152–159CrossRefPubMed Jäger M, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2003) On the descriptive validity of ICD-10 schizophrenia: empirical analyses in the spectrum of non-affective functional psychoses. Psychopathology 36:152–159CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Jäger MDM, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2004) Klassifikation der funktionellen Psychosen: Die Bedeutung der ICD-10-Diagnosen (Forschungskriterien) für die Vorhersage des Langzeitverlaufes. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 72:70–78CrossRefPubMed Jäger MDM, Bottlender R, Strauss A, Möller HJ (2004) Klassifikation der funktionellen Psychosen: Die Bedeutung der ICD-10-Diagnosen (Forschungskriterien) für die Vorhersage des Langzeitverlaufes. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 72:70–78CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Jäger MDM, Riedel M, Möller HJ (2007) Akute vorübergehende psychotische Störungen (ICD-10: F23). Empirische Befunde und Implikationen für die Therapie. Nervenarzt 78:749–752CrossRef Jäger MDM, Riedel M, Möller HJ (2007) Akute vorübergehende psychotische Störungen (ICD-10: F23). Empirische Befunde und Implikationen für die Therapie. Nervenarzt 78:749–752CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Jönsson SAT, Jonsson H, Nyman AK, Nyman GE (1991) The concept of cycloid psychosis: sensitivity and specificity of syndromes derived by multivariate clustering techniques. Acta Psychiatr Scand 83:353–362CrossRefPubMed Jönsson SAT, Jonsson H, Nyman AK, Nyman GE (1991) The concept of cycloid psychosis: sensitivity and specificity of syndromes derived by multivariate clustering techniques. Acta Psychiatr Scand 83:353–362CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Jørgensen P (1995) Comparative outcome of first admission patients with delusional beliefs. Eur Psychiatry 10:276–281CrossRefPubMed Jørgensen P (1995) Comparative outcome of first admission patients with delusional beliefs. Eur Psychiatry 10:276–281CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Jørgensen P, Bennedsen B, Christensen J, Hyllested A (1996) Acute and transient psychotic disorder: comorbidity with personality disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 94:460–464CrossRefPubMed Jørgensen P, Bennedsen B, Christensen J, Hyllested A (1996) Acute and transient psychotic disorder: comorbidity with personality disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 94:460–464CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Jørgensen P, Bennedsen B, Christensen J, Hyllested A (1997) Acute and transient psychotic disorder: a 1-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 96:150–154CrossRefPubMed Jørgensen P, Bennedsen B, Christensen J, Hyllested A (1997) Acute and transient psychotic disorder: a 1-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 96:150–154CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Kant O (1941) A comparative study of recovered and deteriorated schizophrenic patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 93:616–624 Kant O (1941) A comparative study of recovered and deteriorated schizophrenic patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 93:616–624
39.
go back to reference Kendler KS (1980) The nosologic validity of paranoia (simple delusional disorder). Arch Gen Psychiatry 37:699–706PubMed Kendler KS (1980) The nosologic validity of paranoia (simple delusional disorder). Arch Gen Psychiatry 37:699–706PubMed
40.
go back to reference Kendler KS (1990) Towards a scientific psychiatric nosology. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:969–973PubMed Kendler KS (1990) Towards a scientific psychiatric nosology. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:969–973PubMed
41.
go back to reference Kleist K (1928) Über zykloide und epileptoide Psychosen und über die Frage der Degenerationspsychosen. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 23:3–37 Kleist K (1928) Über zykloide und epileptoide Psychosen und über die Frage der Degenerationspsychosen. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 23:3–37
42.
go back to reference Kraepelin E (1896) Psychiatrie. Aufl 5. Barth, Leipzig Kraepelin E (1896) Psychiatrie. Aufl 5. Barth, Leipzig
43.
go back to reference Lange W, Munk-Jørgensen P, Bertelsen A, Schurmann A, Michels R, Malchow CP, Dilling H (2002) Comparison of psychiatric ICD-10 diagnoses in Denmark and Germany. Psychopathology 35:36–47CrossRefPubMed Lange W, Munk-Jørgensen P, Bertelsen A, Schurmann A, Michels R, Malchow CP, Dilling H (2002) Comparison of psychiatric ICD-10 diagnoses in Denmark and Germany. Psychopathology 35:36–47CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Langfeldt G (1939) The schizophreniform states. Munksgaard, Copenhagen Langfeldt G (1939) The schizophreniform states. Munksgaard, Copenhagen
45.
go back to reference Langfeldt G (1982) Definition of ‘schizophreniform psychoses’. Am J Psychiatry 139:703PubMed Langfeldt G (1982) Definition of ‘schizophreniform psychoses’. Am J Psychiatry 139:703PubMed
46.
go back to reference Leonhard K (1957) Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen. Akademie, Jena (translation by Berman E, The classification of endogenous psychoses, Irvington, New York, 1979) Leonhard K (1957) Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen. Akademie, Jena (translation by Berman E, The classification of endogenous psychoses, Irvington, New York, 1979)
47.
go back to reference Magnan V (1893) Leçon cliniques sur les maladies mentales, 2 edn. Bataille, Paris Magnan V (1893) Leçon cliniques sur les maladies mentales, 2 edn. Bataille, Paris
48.
go back to reference Maj M (1990) Cycloid psychotic disorder: validation of the concept by means of a follow-up and a family study. Psychopathology 23:196–204PubMed Maj M (1990) Cycloid psychotic disorder: validation of the concept by means of a follow-up and a family study. Psychopathology 23:196–204PubMed
49.
go back to reference Malhotra S, Malhotra S (2003) Acute and transient psychotic disorders: comparison with schizophrenia. Curr Psychiatry Rep 5:178–186CrossRefPubMed Malhotra S, Malhotra S (2003) Acute and transient psychotic disorders: comparison with schizophrenia. Curr Psychiatry Rep 5:178–186CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Marneros A, Pillmann F (2004) Acute and transient psychoses. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Marneros A, Pillmann F (2004) Acute and transient psychoses. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
52.
go back to reference Marneros A, Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R (2002) The relation of acute and transient psychotic disorder (ICD-10 F23) to bipolar schizoaffective disorder. J Psychiatr Res 36:165–171CrossRefPubMed Marneros A, Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R (2002) The relation of acute and transient psychotic disorder (ICD-10 F23) to bipolar schizoaffective disorder. J Psychiatr Res 36:165–171CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Marneros A, Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R (2003) Features of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 253:167–174CrossRefPubMed Marneros A, Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R (2003) Features of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 253:167–174CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference McGrath J, Saha S, Welham J, El Saadi O, MacCauley C, Chant D (2004) A systematic review of the incidence of schizophrenia: the distribution of rates and the influence of sex, urbanicity, migrant status and methodology. BMC Med 2:13CrossRefPubMed McGrath J, Saha S, Welham J, El Saadi O, MacCauley C, Chant D (2004) A systematic review of the incidence of schizophrenia: the distribution of rates and the influence of sex, urbanicity, migrant status and methodology. BMC Med 2:13CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Menuck M, Legault S, Schmidt P, Remington G (1989) The nosologic status of the remitting atypical psychoses. Compr Psychiatry 30:53–73CrossRefPubMed Menuck M, Legault S, Schmidt P, Remington G (1989) The nosologic status of the remitting atypical psychoses. Compr Psychiatry 30:53–73CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Mitsuda H (1965) The concept of “atypical psychoses” from the aspect of clinical genetics. Acta Psychiatr Scand 41:372–377CrossRefPubMed Mitsuda H (1965) The concept of “atypical psychoses” from the aspect of clinical genetics. Acta Psychiatr Scand 41:372–377CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Modestin J, Rausch A, Sonderegger P, Bachmann KM, Erni T (2002) Clinical study on cycloid psychosis. Eur J Psychiatry 16:95–101 Modestin J, Rausch A, Sonderegger P, Bachmann KM, Erni T (2002) Clinical study on cycloid psychosis. Eur J Psychiatry 16:95–101
58.
go back to reference Mojtabai R (2000) Heterogeneity of cycloid psychoses: a latent class analysis. Psychol Med 30:721–726CrossRefPubMed Mojtabai R (2000) Heterogeneity of cycloid psychoses: a latent class analysis. Psychol Med 30:721–726CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Mojtbai R (2005) Acute and transient psychotic disorders and brief psychotic disorder. In: Kaplan VA, Sadock BJ (eds) Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry, 8th edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 1512–1522 Mojtbai R (2005) Acute and transient psychotic disorders and brief psychotic disorder. In: Kaplan VA, Sadock BJ (eds) Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry, 8th edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 1512–1522
60.
go back to reference Mojtabai R, Varma VK, Susser E (2000) Duration of remitting psychoses with acute onset. Implications for ICD-10. Br J Psychiatry 176:576–580CrossRefPubMed Mojtabai R, Varma VK, Susser E (2000) Duration of remitting psychoses with acute onset. Implications for ICD-10. Br J Psychiatry 176:576–580CrossRefPubMed
61.
go back to reference Mojtabai R, Susser E, Bromet EJ (2003) Clinical characteristics, 4-year course and DSM-IV classification of patients with non affective acute remitting psychosis. Am J Psychiatry 160:2108–2115CrossRefPubMed Mojtabai R, Susser E, Bromet EJ (2003) Clinical characteristics, 4-year course and DSM-IV classification of patients with non affective acute remitting psychosis. Am J Psychiatry 160:2108–2115CrossRefPubMed
62.
go back to reference Munro A (1999) Delusional disorders. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Munro A (1999) Delusional disorders. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
63.
go back to reference Myin-Germeys I, van Os J, Schwartz JE (2001) Emotional reactivity to daily life stress in psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58:1137–1144CrossRefPubMed Myin-Germeys I, van Os J, Schwartz JE (2001) Emotional reactivity to daily life stress in psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58:1137–1144CrossRefPubMed
64.
go back to reference Okasha A, el Dawla AS, Khalil AH, Saad A (1993) Presentation of acute psychosis in an Egyptian sample: a transcultural comparison. Compr Psychiatry 34:4–9CrossRefPubMed Okasha A, el Dawla AS, Khalil AH, Saad A (1993) Presentation of acute psychosis in an Egyptian sample: a transcultural comparison. Compr Psychiatry 34:4–9CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Pepplinkhuizen L, van der Heijden FMMA, Tuinier S, Verhoeven WMA, Fekkes D (2003) The acute transient polymorphic psychosis: a biochemical subtype of the cycloid psychosis. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 15:38–43CrossRef Pepplinkhuizen L, van der Heijden FMMA, Tuinier S, Verhoeven WMA, Fekkes D (2003) The acute transient polymorphic psychosis: a biochemical subtype of the cycloid psychosis. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 15:38–43CrossRef
66.
go back to reference Peralta V, Cuesta MJ (2003) Cycloid psychosis: a clinical and nosological study. Psychol Med 33:443–453CrossRefPubMed Peralta V, Cuesta MJ (2003) Cycloid psychosis: a clinical and nosological study. Psychol Med 33:443–453CrossRefPubMed
67.
go back to reference Peralta V, Cuesta MJ, Zandio M (2007) Cycloid psychosis: an examination of the validity of the concept. Curr Psychiat Rep 9:184–197CrossRef Peralta V, Cuesta MJ, Zandio M (2007) Cycloid psychosis: an examination of the validity of the concept. Curr Psychiat Rep 9:184–197CrossRef
68.
go back to reference Perris C (1974) A study of cycloid psychoses. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 253:1–77PubMed Perris C (1974) A study of cycloid psychoses. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 253:1–77PubMed
69.
go back to reference Perris C (1986) The case for the independence of cycloid psychotic disorder from schizoaffective disorders. In: Marneros A, Tsuang MT (eds) Schizoaffective Psychoses. Springer, Berlin, pp 272–308 Perris C (1986) The case for the independence of cycloid psychotic disorder from schizoaffective disorders. In: Marneros A, Tsuang MT (eds) Schizoaffective Psychoses. Springer, Berlin, pp 272–308
70.
go back to reference Perris C (1995) Leonhard and the cycloid psychoses. In: Berrios GE, Porter R (eds) A history of clinical psychiatry. Athlone, London, pp 421–430 Perris C (1995) Leonhard and the cycloid psychoses. In: Berrios GE, Porter R (eds) A history of clinical psychiatry. Athlone, London, pp 421–430
71.
go back to reference Perris C, Brockington IF (1981) Cycloid psychoses and their relation to the major psychoses. In: Perris C, Struwe G, Jansson B (eds) Biological Psychiatry 1981), vol 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 447–450 Perris C, Brockington IF (1981) Cycloid psychoses and their relation to the major psychoses. In: Perris C, Struwe G, Jansson B (eds) Biological Psychiatry 1981), vol 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 447–450
72.
go back to reference Pillmann F, Marneros A (2005) Longitudinal follow-up in acute and transient psychotic disorders and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 187:286–287CrossRefPubMed Pillmann F, Marneros A (2005) Longitudinal follow-up in acute and transient psychotic disorders and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 187:286–287CrossRefPubMed
73.
go back to reference Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2001) Concordance of acute and transient psychoses and cycloid psychoses. Psychopathology 34:305–311CrossRefPubMed Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2001) Concordance of acute and transient psychoses and cycloid psychoses. Psychopathology 34:305–311CrossRefPubMed
74.
go back to reference Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2002) The concordance of ICD-10 acute and transient psychosis and DSM-IV brief psychotic disorder. Psychol Med 32:525–533CrossRefPubMed Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2002) The concordance of ICD-10 acute and transient psychosis and DSM-IV brief psychotic disorder. Psychol Med 32:525–533CrossRefPubMed
75.
go back to reference Pillmann F, Bloink R, Balzuweit S, Haring A, Marneros A (2003) Personality and social interactions in patients with acute brief psychoses. J Nerv Ment Dis 191:503–508CrossRefPubMed Pillmann F, Bloink R, Balzuweit S, Haring A, Marneros A (2003) Personality and social interactions in patients with acute brief psychoses. J Nerv Ment Dis 191:503–508CrossRefPubMed
76.
go back to reference Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2003) Bouffée délirante and ICD-10 acute and transient psychoses: a comparative study. Aus NZ J Psychiatry 37:327–333CrossRef Pillmann F, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Bloink R, Marneros A (2003) Bouffée délirante and ICD-10 acute and transient psychoses: a comparative study. Aus NZ J Psychiatry 37:327–333CrossRef
77.
go back to reference Pitta JC, Blay SL (1997) Psychogenic (reactive) and hysterical psychoses: a cross-system reliability study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 95:112–118CrossRefPubMed Pitta JC, Blay SL (1997) Psychogenic (reactive) and hysterical psychoses: a cross-system reliability study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 95:112–118CrossRefPubMed
78.
go back to reference Pull MC, Pull CB, Pichot P (1987) Des critères empiriques français per les psychoses. II: consensus des psychiatres français et definitions provisoires. Encephale 13:53–57PubMed Pull MC, Pull CB, Pichot P (1987) Des critères empiriques français per les psychoses. II: consensus des psychiatres français et definitions provisoires. Encephale 13:53–57PubMed
79.
go back to reference Robins E, Guze S (1970) Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: its application to schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 126:983–987PubMed Robins E, Guze S (1970) Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: its application to schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 126:983–987PubMed
80.
go back to reference Roth M, McClelland H (1979) The relationship of ‘nuclear’ and ‘atypical’ psychoses: some proposals for a classification of disorders in the borderlands of schizophrenia. Psychiatria Clin 12:23–54 Roth M, McClelland H (1979) The relationship of ‘nuclear’ and ‘atypical’ psychoses: some proposals for a classification of disorders in the borderlands of schizophrenia. Psychiatria Clin 12:23–54
81.
go back to reference Rottig S, Pillmann F, Bloink R, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Marneros A (2005) Is there evidence in the EEG for increased epileptiform activity in ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorder? Psychopathology 38:281–284CrossRefPubMed Rottig S, Pillmann F, Bloink R, Haring A, Balzuweit S, Marneros A (2005) Is there evidence in the EEG for increased epileptiform activity in ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorder? Psychopathology 38:281–284CrossRefPubMed
82.
go back to reference Sajith SG, Chandrasekaran R, Sadanandan Unni KE, Sahai A (2002) Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder: diagnostic stability over 3 years. Acta Psychiatr Scand 105:104–109CrossRefPubMed Sajith SG, Chandrasekaran R, Sadanandan Unni KE, Sahai A (2002) Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder: diagnostic stability over 3 years. Acta Psychiatr Scand 105:104–109CrossRefPubMed
83.
go back to reference Sartorius N, Üstun TB, Korten A, Cooper JE, van Drimmelen J (1995) Progress toward achieving a common language in psychiatry. II: Results from the international field trials of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for research for mental and behavioural disorders. Am J Psychiatry 152:1427–1437PubMed Sartorius N, Üstun TB, Korten A, Cooper JE, van Drimmelen J (1995) Progress toward achieving a common language in psychiatry. II: Results from the international field trials of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for research for mental and behavioural disorders. Am J Psychiatry 152:1427–1437PubMed
84.
go back to reference Schneider K (1958) Klinische Psychopathologie. Aufl 5. Thieme, Stuttgart (translated by Hamilton MW, Anderson EW, Clinical psychopathology, Grune & Stratton, New York, 1959) Schneider K (1958) Klinische Psychopathologie. Aufl 5. Thieme, Stuttgart (translated by Hamilton MW, Anderson EW, Clinical psychopathology, Grune & Stratton, New York, 1959)
85.
go back to reference Sigmund D, Mundt C (1999) The cycloid type and its differentiation from core schizophrenia: a phenomenological approach. Compr Psychiatry 40:4–18CrossRefPubMed Sigmund D, Mundt C (1999) The cycloid type and its differentiation from core schizophrenia: a phenomenological approach. Compr Psychiatry 40:4–18CrossRefPubMed
86.
go back to reference Singh SP, Burns T, Amin S, Jones PB, Harrison G (2004) Acute and transient psychotic disorders: precursors, epidemiology, course and outcome. Br J Psychiatry 185:452–459CrossRefPubMed Singh SP, Burns T, Amin S, Jones PB, Harrison G (2004) Acute and transient psychotic disorders: precursors, epidemiology, course and outcome. Br J Psychiatry 185:452–459CrossRefPubMed
87.
go back to reference Strömgren E (1974) Psychogenic psychoses. In: Hirsh RS, Shepherd M (eds) Themes and variations in European psychiatry. Wright, Bristol, pp 101–125 Strömgren E (1974) Psychogenic psychoses. In: Hirsh RS, Shepherd M (eds) Themes and variations in European psychiatry. Wright, Bristol, pp 101–125
88.
go back to reference Suda K, Hayashi N, Hiraga M (2005) Predicting features of later development of schizophrenia among patients with acute and transient psychotic disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 59:146–150CrossRefPubMed Suda K, Hayashi N, Hiraga M (2005) Predicting features of later development of schizophrenia among patients with acute and transient psychotic disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 59:146–150CrossRefPubMed
89.
go back to reference Susser E, Wanderling J (1994) Epidemiology of nonaffective acute remitting psychosis vs schizophrenia. Sex and sociocultural setting. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51:294–301 Susser E, Wanderling J (1994) Epidemiology of nonaffective acute remitting psychosis vs schizophrenia. Sex and sociocultural setting. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51:294–301
90.
go back to reference Susser E, Finnerty MT, Sohler N (1996) Acute psychoses: a proposed diagnosis for ICD-11 and DSM-V. Psychiatr Quat 67:165–176CrossRef Susser E, Finnerty MT, Sohler N (1996) Acute psychoses: a proposed diagnosis for ICD-11 and DSM-V. Psychiatr Quat 67:165–176CrossRef
91.
go back to reference Susser E, Varma VK, Mattoo SK, Finnerty M, Mojtabai R, Tripathi BM, Misra AK, Wig NN (1998) Long-term course of acute brief psychosis in a developing country setting. Br J Psychiatry 173:226–230CrossRefPubMed Susser E, Varma VK, Mattoo SK, Finnerty M, Mojtabai R, Tripathi BM, Misra AK, Wig NN (1998) Long-term course of acute brief psychosis in a developing country setting. Br J Psychiatry 173:226–230CrossRefPubMed
92.
go back to reference Taylor M (1994) Madness and Maastricht: a review of reactive psychoses from a European perspective. JRS Med 87:683–686 Taylor M (1994) Madness and Maastricht: a review of reactive psychoses from a European perspective. JRS Med 87:683–686
93.
go back to reference Thangadurai P, Gopalakrishnan R, Kurian S, Jacob KS (2006) Diagnostic stability and status of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Br J Psychiatry 188:293CrossRefPubMed Thangadurai P, Gopalakrishnan R, Kurian S, Jacob KS (2006) Diagnostic stability and status of acute and transient psychotic disorders. Br J Psychiatry 188:293CrossRefPubMed
94.
go back to reference Thorup A, Waltorf BL, Pedersen CB, Mortensen PB, Nordentoft M (2007) Young males have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia: a Danish register study. Psychol Med 37:479–484CrossRefPubMed Thorup A, Waltorf BL, Pedersen CB, Mortensen PB, Nordentoft M (2007) Young males have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia: a Danish register study. Psychol Med 37:479–484CrossRefPubMed
95.
go back to reference Ungvari GA, Mullen PE (1999) Reactive psychoses. In: Bhugra D, Munro A (eds) Troublesome disguises. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 52–90 Ungvari GA, Mullen PE (1999) Reactive psychoses. In: Bhugra D, Munro A (eds) Troublesome disguises. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 52–90
96.
97.
go back to reference van der Heijden FMMA, Tuinier S, Kahn RS, Verhoeven WMA (2004) Nonschizophrenic psychotic disorders: the case of cycloid psychoses. Psychopathology 37:161–167CrossRefPubMed van der Heijden FMMA, Tuinier S, Kahn RS, Verhoeven WMA (2004) Nonschizophrenic psychotic disorders: the case of cycloid psychoses. Psychopathology 37:161–167CrossRefPubMed
98.
go back to reference Weibel H, Metzger JY (2005) Psychoses délirantes aiguës. EMC Psychiatrie 21:40–61CrossRef Weibel H, Metzger JY (2005) Psychoses délirantes aiguës. EMC Psychiatrie 21:40–61CrossRef
99.
go back to reference Wimmer A (1916) Psykogene Sindssygdomsformer. In Sct. Hans Hospital 1816–1915 Jubilaeums-skrifts. Gad, Københaven, pp 85–216 (Edited and translated by Schioldann J, Psychogenic psychoses. Adelaide Academic Press, Burnside, 2003) Wimmer A (1916) Psykogene Sindssygdomsformer. In Sct. Hans Hospital 1816–1915 Jubilaeums-skrifts. Gad, Københaven, pp 85–216 (Edited and translated by Schioldann J, Psychogenic psychoses. Adelaide Academic Press, Burnside, 2003)
100.
go back to reference World Health Organization (1992) The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization, Geneva World Health Organization (1992) The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization, Geneva
101.
go back to reference Zubin J, Spring B (1977) Vulnerability: a new view of schizophrenia. J Abnor Psychol 86:103–126CrossRef Zubin J, Spring B (1977) Vulnerability: a new view of schizophrenia. J Abnor Psychol 86:103–126CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ICD-10 F23): a review from a European perspective
Authors
Augusto Castagnini
German E. Berrios
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Issue 8/2009
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-009-0008-2

Other articles of this Issue 8/2009

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 8/2009 Go to the issue