Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Published in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 4/2013

01-04-2013 | Maternal-Fetal Medicine

The transverse section of the fetus urinary bladder is circular and, for volume estimation, an appropriate longitudinal section is sufficient

Authors: Mats Fagerquist, Eli Skytteren, Ulf Fagerquist, Anders Odén

Published in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Issue 4/2013

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose was to investigate the transverse shape of the fetal urinary bladder.

Methods

Using 3D ultrasound, an appropriate longitudinal image of fetal urinary bladders was chosen. Perpendicular sections were examined and the transverse bladder image with a minimum of shadows was selected, documented and transferred to a PC. The contour of the transverse bladder image was marked manually and recorded electronically. The mean of radii distances from the centre pixel to each border pixel outlining this bladder image was calculated for each fetus.

Results

In the material comprising 20 fetuses, the range of mean radii was 2.6–18.4 mm and the SD 0.4 mm. The mean wall thickness of the bladders was 2.7 mm and the distance represented by one pixel for different selected depths was 0.3 mm on average.

Conclusions

In view of the current technical limitations, an aberration from the circular shape may not be discernible. For this reason, the transverse shape of the fetal urinary bladder can be regarded as a circle. This means that, for bladder volume estimation, only an appropriate longitudinal section is necessary.
Literature
1.
Gilja OH, Smievoll AI, Thune N, Matre K, Hausken T, Odegaard S, Berstad A (1995) In vivo comparison of 3D ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in volume estimation of human kidneys. Ultrasound Med Biol 21(1):25–32PubMedCrossRef
2.
Riccabona M, Nelson TR, Pretorius DH (1996) Three-dimensional ultrasound: accuracy of distance and volume measurements. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 7(6):429–434PubMedCrossRef
3.
Strommen K, Stormark TA, Iversen BM, Matre K (2004) Volume estimation of small phantoms and rat kidneys using three-dimensional ultrasonography and a position sensor. Ultrasound Med Biol 30(9):1109–1117PubMedCrossRef
4.
Lee SM, Park SK, Shim SS, Jun JK, Park JS, Syn HC (2007) Measurement of fetal urine production by three-dimensional ultrasonography in normal pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 30(3):281–286
5.
Touboul C, Boulvain M, Picone O, Levaillant JM, Frydman R, Senat MV (2008) Normal fetal urine production rate estimated with 3-dimensional ultrasonography using the rotational technique (virtual organ computer-aided analysis). Am J Obstet Gynecol 199(1):57PubMedCrossRef
6.
Fagerquist MA, Fagerquist UO, Oden A, Blomberg SG, Mattsson LA (2009) Derivations that enable the testing of fetal urine production as a method of fetal surveillance. Arch Gynecol Obstet 282(5):481–486PubMedCrossRef
7.
Nelson TR, Pretorius DH, Hull A, Riccabona M, Sklansky MS, James G (2000) Sources and impact of artifacts on clinical three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 16(4):374–383PubMedCrossRef
8.
Fagerquist M, Fagerquist U, Oden A, Blomberg SG (2001) Fetal urine production and accuracy when estimating fetal urinary bladder volume. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 17(2):132–139PubMedCrossRef
9.
Fagerquist M, Fagerquist U, Oden A, Blomberg SG (2003) Estimation of fetal urinary bladder volume using the sum-of-cylinders method vs. the ellipsoid formula. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 22(1):67–73PubMedCrossRef
10.
Andersson KE, Arner A (2004) Urinary bladder contraction and relaxation: physiology and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 84(3):935–986PubMedCrossRef
11.
Damaser MS (1999) Whole bladder mechanics during filling. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 201:51–58 (discussion 76–102)PubMedCrossRef
12.
Fagerquist M, Fagerquist U, Steyskal H, Oden A, Blomberg SG (2002) Accuracy in estimating fetal urinary bladder volume using a modified ultrasound technique. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 19(4):371–379PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The transverse section of the fetus urinary bladder is circular and, for volume estimation, an appropriate longitudinal section is sufficient
Authors
Mats Fagerquist
Eli Skytteren
Ulf Fagerquist
Anders Odén
Publication date
01-04-2013
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics / Issue 4/2013
Print ISSN: 0932-0067
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0711
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-012-2613-y

Other articles of this Issue 4/2013

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 4/2013 Go to the issue

Gynecologic Oncology

Diaphragmatic surgery during cytoreduction for primary or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: a review of the literature

General Gynecology

The relation of pelvic pain and dense adhesions to Doppler ultrasound findings in patients with ovarian endometriomas

Letter to the Editor

Successful surgical management of a septate uterus constricted with leiomyomas: hysteroscopic metroplasty using a Foley catheter

Reproductive Medicine

Transvaginal surgical treatment of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy

Gynecologic Oncology

A cross-sectional analysis of lower genital tract intraepithelial neoplasia in immune-compromised women with an abnormal Pap

Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Short cervix syndrome: current knowledge from etiology to the control