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01-09-2012 | General Gynecology

The correlation of the lifestyle and medical conditions with the vaginal infections and production of 2-phenylethanol

Authors: Štefica Findri-Guštek, Maja Jelena Petek, Hrvoje Sarajlija, Gordan Mršić, Ana Mlinarić Džepina, Višnja Oreščanin

Published in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Issue 3/2012

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study was determination of causative factors of the genital infections and their correlation with various predictor variables. Secondary objectives included: (1) determination of the presence and the type of low molecular weight metabolites in the samples of vaginal secretion formed in vivo, (2) determination of the concentration of 2-phenylethanol formed in vitro for each Candida species, (3) determination of the relationship between fungal/bacterial/viral infections with the metabolites formed in vivo using multivariate analysis.

Methods

One hundred and ninety-seven women in the age range from 18 to 65 years were included in the study. After the completion of questionnaire, all the patients were subjected to Pap test, cervical swabs for the presence of aerobic bacteria, yeasts, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, and hrHPV DNA. The presence and the concentration of low-molecular weight metabolites in vitro and in vivo were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. Multivariate analysis methods were used for statistical evaluation.

Results

The most important risk factors of fungal/bacterial/viral infections were determined. The presence of 2-phenylethanol in vivo was confirmed in 14 of 74 tested samples and connected with the Candida species. The presence of symptoms, hrHPV DNA and Ureaplasma urealyticum are the predictor variables with the highest influence on the formation of the metabolite in vivo. The results in vitro confirmed that various Candida species produced 2-phenylethanol with the concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 4.64 μg/mL.

Conclusion

The medical exposure to irradiation, marital status, and number of partners as well as stress factors (miscarriages, chronic, viral, or tumor illnesses) had the highest influence on the development of the bacterial/fungal/viral infections. The formation of 2-phenylethanol, both in vivo and in vitro, was confirmed and connected with Candida species. Besides, according to statistical tests, it seems that presence of symptoms, hrHPV DNA, and Ureaplasma urealyticum had also significant role on the formation of 2-phenylethanol in vivo.

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Title: The correlation of the lifestyle and medical conditions with the vaginal infections and production of 2-phenylethanol
Authors: Štefica Findri-Guštek
Maja Jelena Petek
Hrvoje Sarajlija
Gordan Mršić
Ana Mlinarić Džepina
Višnja Oreščanin
Publication date: 01-09-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics / Issue 3/2012
Print ISSN: 0932-0067
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0711
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-012-2346-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The correlation of the lifestyle and medical conditions with the vaginal infections and production of 2-phenylethanol

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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