Expression of estrogen receptor in hemangioma of the uterine cervix: reports of three cases and review of the literature

The occurrence of hemangioma in the female genital tract, particularly in uterine cervix, is rare. The majority of them show asymptomatic behavior. Surgical excision remains curative in most of the cases. Conservative therapies such as sclerosing agents, cryotherapy, and CO₂ laser excision may be alternatively applied. We present three cases of hemangiomas of the cervix in asymptomatic women, diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma in two cases and capillary hemangioma in one. All tumors were immunoreactive for CD31, CD34, factor-VIII-related antigen. Focal expression of estrogen receptors was detected. No positivity was obtained with progesterone receptor antibodies. The presence of estrogen receptor in the endothelial cells of the hemangioma of the cervix suggests a direct role of this hormone in the hemangioma development. A possible target therapy is discussed.