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Open Access 01-11-2014 | Original Paper

Specific detection of methionine 27 mutation in histone 3 variants (H3K27M) in fixed tissue from high-grade astrocytomas

Authors: Denise Bechet, Gerrit G. H. Gielen, Andrey Korshunov, Stefan M. Pfister, Caterina Rousso, Damien Faury, Pierre-Olivier Fiset, Naciba Benlimane, Peter W. Lewis, Chao Lu, C. David Allis, Mark W. Kieran, Keith L. Ligon, Torsten Pietsch, Benjamin Ellezam, Steffen Albrecht, Nada Jabado

Published in: Acta Neuropathologica | Issue 5/2014

Abstract

Studies in pediatric high-grade astrocytomas (HGA) by our group and others have uncovered recurrent somatic mutations affecting highly conserved residues in histone 3 (H3) variants. One of these mutations leads to analogous p.Lys27Met (K27M) mutations in both H3.3 and H3.1 variants, is associated with rapid fatal outcome, and occurs specifically in HGA of the midline in children and young adults. This includes diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (80 %) and thalamic or spinal HGA (>90 %), which are surgically challenging locations with often limited tumor material available and critical need for specific histopathological markers. Here, we analyzed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 143 pediatric HGA and 297 other primary brain tumors or normal brain. Immunohistochemical staining for H3K27M was compared to tumor genotype, and also compared to H3 tri-methylated lysine 27 (H3K27me3) staining, previously shown to be drastically decreased in samples carrying this mutation. There was a 100 % concordance between genotype and immunohistochemical analysis of H3K27M in tumor samples. Mutant H3K27M was expressed in the majority of tumor cells, indicating limited intra-tumor heterogeneity for this specific mutation within the limits of our dataset. Both H3.1 and H3.3K27M mutants were recognized by this antibody while non-neoplastic elements, such as endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells or lymphocytes, did not stain. H3K27me3 immunoreactivity was largely mutually exclusive with H3K27M positivity. These results demonstrate that mutant H3K27M can be specifically identified with high specificity and sensitivity using an H3K27M antibody and immunohistochemistry. Use of this antibody in the clinical setting will prove very useful for diagnosis, especially in the context of small biopsies in challenging midline tumors and will help orient care in the context of the extremely poor prognosis associated with this mutation.

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Title: Specific detection of methionine 27 mutation in histone 3 variants (H3K27M) in fixed tissue from high-grade astrocytomas
Authors: Denise Bechet
Gerrit G. H. Gielen
Andrey Korshunov
Stefan M. Pfister
Caterina Rousso
Damien Faury
Pierre-Olivier Fiset
Naciba Benlimane
Peter W. Lewis
Chao Lu
C. David Allis
Mark W. Kieran
Keith L. Ligon
Torsten Pietsch
Benjamin Ellezam
Steffen Albrecht
Nada Jabado
Publication date: 01-11-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica / Issue 5/2014
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-014-1337-4

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Specific detection of methionine 27 mutation in histone 3 variants (H3K27M) in fixed tissue from high-grade astrocytomas

Abstract

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Abstract

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