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International Journal of Colorectal Disease
Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease 7/2018

01-07-2018 | Original Article

Restless legs syndrome is a relevant comorbidity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Authors: Janek Becker, Felix Berger, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, Denis Poddubnyy, Peter M. Koch, Jan C. Preiß, Britta Siegmund, Frank Marzinzik, Jochen Maul

Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease | Issue 7/2018

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Abstract

Background and aims

In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), restless legs syndrome (RLS) may occur as an extraintestinal disease manifestation. Iron deficiency (ID) or folate deficiency/vitamin B12 deficiency (FD/VB12D) has previously been described to cause RLS. Here, we determined the prevalence and severity of RLS in IBD patients and evaluated the effect of iron and/or folic acid/vitamin B12 supplementation.

Methods

Patients were screened for ID and RLS by a gastroenterologist. If RLS was suspected, a neurologist was consulted for definitive diagnosis and severity. Patients with RLS and ID, FD, or VB12D received supplementation and were followed-up at weeks 4 and 11 after starting supplementation.

Results

A total of 353 IBD patients were included. Prevalence for RLS was 9.4% in Crohn’s disease (CD) and 8% in ulcerative colitis (UC). Prevalence for the subgroup of clinically relevant RLS (symptoms ≥ twice/week with at least moderate distress) was 7.1% (n = 16) for CD and 4.8% (n = 6) for UC. 38.7% of RLS patients presented with ID, FD, and/or VB12D. Most frequently ID was seen (25.8%; n = 8). Iron supplementation resulted in RLS improvement (p = 0.029) at week 4 in seven out of eight patients.

Conclusion

Although the overall prevalence of RLS in IBD did not differ to the general population, clinically relevant RLS was more frequent in IBD patients and, therefore, it is important for clinicians to be aware of RLS symptoms. Though for definite diagnosis and proper treatment of RLS, a neurologist must be consulted. Additionally, iron supplementation of IBD patients with ID can improve RLS symptoms.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov No. NCT03457571
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Restless legs syndrome is a relevant comorbidity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors
Janek Becker
Felix Berger
Katharina A. Schindlbeck
Denis Poddubnyy
Peter M. Koch
Jan C. Preiß
Britta Siegmund
Frank Marzinzik
Jochen Maul
Publication date
01-07-2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
International Journal of Colorectal Disease / Issue 7/2018
Print ISSN: 0179-1958
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1262
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-018-3032-8

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