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International Journal of Colorectal Disease
Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease 1/2007

01-01-2007 | Review Article

Anal cancer in renal transplant patients

Authors: Heena S. Patel, Andrew R. J. Silver, John M. A. Northover

Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease | Issue 1/2007

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Abstract

Purpose

A comprehensive literature review was performed to examine the prevalence of anal cancer, anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in renal transplant recipients who are at risk of anal cancer due to iatrogenic immunosuppression.

Methods

Pertinent articles were identified from searches performed on the National Center for Biotechnology Information database using the following keywords: anal cancer, AIN, screening, renal transplant (or kidney transplant), organ transplant recipients and post-transplant malignancies.

Results

The prevalence of AIN is 20% in renal transplant patients. The prevalence of anal HPV infection in established transplant patients is 47%, and the prevalence of anal HPV infection in new transplant patients is 23%. The relative risk for anal cancer in renal transplant patients is 10.

Conclusions

As compared to HIV-positive male patients who practise anal intercourse, renal transplant patients showed a modest rise in relative risk for anal cancer. Screening programmes to detect AIN in HIV-positive patients who practise anal intercourse have been introduced on a preliminary basis in sexual health clinics in the US and may become standard practise in this population. The case for screening in renal transplant patients is unclear and would merit further investigation, especially with reference to the prevalence of anal HPV infection in this population. It may transpire that renal transplant patients would benefit more from HPV prophylaxis rather than screening for AIN.
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Metadata
Title
Anal cancer in renal transplant patients
Authors
Heena S. Patel
Andrew R. J. Silver
John M. A. Northover
Publication date
01-01-2007
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
International Journal of Colorectal Disease / Issue 1/2007
Print ISSN: 0179-1958
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1262
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-005-0023-3

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