Top

Child's Nervous System

Published in:

01-08-2013 | Original Paper

Virtual reality simulation: basic concepts and use in endoscopic neurosurgery training

Authors: Alan R. Cohen, Subash Lohani, Sunil Manjila, Suriya Natsupakpong, Nathan Brown, M. Cenk Cavusoglu

Published in: Child's Nervous System | Issue 8/2013

Abstract

Introduction

Virtual reality simulation is a promising alternative to training surgical residents outside the operating room. It is also a useful aide to anatomic study, residency training, surgical rehearsal, credentialing, and recertification.

Discussion

Surgical simulation is based on a virtual reality with varying degrees of immersion and realism. Simulators provide a no-risk environment for harmless and repeatable practice. Virtual reality has three main components of simulation: graphics/volume rendering, model behavior/tissue deformation, and haptic feedback. The challenge of accurately simulating the forces and tactile sensations experienced in neurosurgery limits the sophistication of a virtual simulator. The limited haptic feedback available in minimally invasive neurosurgery makes it a favorable subject for simulation.

Conclusions

Virtual simulators with realistic graphics and force feedback have been developed for ventriculostomy, intraventricular surgery, and transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, thus allowing preoperative study of the individual anatomy and increasing the safety of the procedure. The authors also present experiences with their own virtual simulation of endoscopic third ventriculostomy.

Agrawal A, Kato Y, Sano H, Kanno T (2013) The incorporation of neuroendoscopy in neurosurgical training programs. World Neurosurg 79:S15.e11–S15.e13

Balogh AA, Preul MC, Laszlo K, Schornak M, Hickman M, Deshmukh P, Spetzler RF (2006) Multilayer image grid reconstruction technology: four-dimensional interactive image reconstruction of microsurgical neuroanatomic dissections. Neurosurgery 58:ONS157–165, discussion ONS157-165PubMedCrossRef

Malone HR, Syed ON, Downes MS, D’Ambrosio AL, Quest DO, Kaiser MG (2010) Simulation in neurosurgery: a review of computer-based simulation environments and their surgical applications. Neurosurgery 67:1105–1116PubMedCrossRef

Robinson RALC, Apuzzo MLJ (2011) Man mind and machine: the past and future of virtual reality simulation in neurologic surgery. World Neurosurg 76:419–430CrossRef

Babineau TJ, Becker J, Gibbons G, Sentovich S, Hess D, Robertson S, Stone M (2004) The "cost" of operative training for surgical residents. Arch Surg 139:366–369, discussion 369–370PubMedCrossRef

Delorme S, Laroche D, DiRaddo R, Del Maestro RF (2012) NeuroTouch: a physics-based virtual simulator for cranial microneurosurgery training. Neurosurgery 71:32–42PubMedCrossRef

Spicer MA, van Velsen M, Caffrey JP, Apuzzo ML (2004) Virtual reality neurosurgery: a simulator blueprint. Neurosurgery 54:783–797, discussion 797–788PubMedCrossRef

Wang P, Becker AA, Jones IA, Glover AT, Benford SD, Greenhalgh CM, Vloeberghs M (2006) A virtual reality surgery simulation of cutting and retraction in neurosurgery with force-feedback. Computer methods and programs in biomedicine 84:11–18PubMedCrossRef

Massie TH SJ (1994) The PHANTOM haptic interface: a device for probing virtual objects. Proceedings of the ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, Chicago

10.

Dai JX, Chung MS, Qu RM, Yuan L, Liu SW, Shin DS (2012) The Visible Human Projects in Korea and China with improved images and diverse applications. Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA 34:527–534PubMedCrossRef

11.

Larsen OVHJ, Ostergard LR, Hansen KV, Nielsen H (2001) The Virtual Brain Project—development of a neurosurgical simulator. Stud Health Technol Inform 81:256–262PubMed

12.

Kockro RA, Serra L, Tseng-Tsai Y, Chan C, Yih-Yian S, Gim-Guan C, Lee E, Hoe LY, Hern N, Nowinski WL (2000) Planning and simulation of neurosurgery in a virtual reality environment. Neurosurgery 46:118–135, discussion 135–117PubMedCrossRef

13.

Radetzky ARM, Starkie S, Davies B, Auer LM (2000) ROBO-SIM: a simulator for minimally invasive neurosurgery using an active manipulator. Stud Health Technol Inform 77:1165–1169PubMed

14.

Lemole GM Jr, Banerjee PP, Luciano C, Neckrysh S, Charbel FT (2007) Virtual reality in neurosurgical education: part-task ventriculostomy simulation with dynamic visual and haptic feedback. Neurosurgery 61:142–148, discussion 148–149PubMedCrossRef

15.

Thomas RGJN, Delieu JM (2010) Augmented reality for anatomical education. J Vis Commun Med 33:6–15PubMedCrossRef

16.

Brown NNS, Johannsen S, Manjila S, Cai Q, Liberatore V, Cohen AR, Cavusoglu MC (2006) Virtual environment-based training simulator for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Stud Health Technol Inform 119:73–75PubMed

17.

Burtscher JBR, Dessl A, Eisner W, Twerdy K, Sweeney RA, Felber S (2002) Virtual endoscopy for planning neuro-endoscopic intraventricular surgery. Minimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN 45:24–31PubMedCrossRef

18.

Wolfsberger S, Neubauer A, Buhler K, Wegenkittl R, Czech T, Gentzsch S, Bocher-Schwarz HG, Knosp E (2006) Advanced virtual endoscopy for endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Neurosurgery 59:1001–1009, discussion 1009–1010PubMed

19.

Luciano CBP, Lemole GM Jr, Charbel F (2006) Second generation haptic ventriculostomy simulator using the ImmersiveTouch system. Stud Health Technol Inform 119:343–348PubMed

20.

Philips NJN (2000) Web-based surgical simulation for ventricular catheterization. Neurosurgery 46:933–937

21.

Rohde V, Krombach GA, Struffert T, Gilsbach JM (2001) Virtual MRI endoscopy: detection of anomalies of the ventricular anatomy and its possible role as a presurgical planning tool for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 143:1085–1091CrossRef

22.

Boor S, Resch KM, Perneczky A, Stoeter P (1998) Virtual endoscopy (VE) of the basal cisterns: its value in planning the neurosurgical approach. Minimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN 41:177–182PubMedCrossRef

23.

Bartz D (2005) Virtual endoscopy in research and clinical practice. Computer Graphics Forum 24:111–126CrossRef

24.

Radetzky A, Nurnberger A (2002) Visualization and simulation techniques for surgical simulators using actual patient’s data. Artificial intelligence in medicine 26:255–279PubMedCrossRef

25.

Stredney DWG, Bryan J, Sessanna D, Murakami J, Schmalbrock P, Powell K, Welling B (2002) Temporal bone dissection simulation–an update. Stud Health Technol Inform 85:507–513PubMed

26.

Kockro RA, Hwang PY (2009) Virtual temporal bone: an interactive 3-dimensional learning aid for cranial base surgery. Neurosurgery 64:216–229, discussion 229–230PubMedCrossRef

27.

Bernardo A, Preul MC, Zabramski JM, Spetzler RF (2003) A three-dimensional interactive virtual dissection model to simulate transpetrous surgical avenues. Neurosurgery 52:499–505, discussion 504–495PubMedCrossRef

28.

Cavuşoğlu MCGT, Tendick F (2006) GiPSi:a framework for open source/open architecture software development for organ-level surgical simulation. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 10:312–322PubMedCrossRef

29.

Jacobs PFM, Cavusoglu MC (2010) High fidelity haptic rendering of frictional contact with deformable objects in virtual environments using multi-rate simulation. Int J Robot Res 29:1778–1792CrossRef

Title: Virtual reality simulation: basic concepts and use in endoscopic neurosurgery training
Authors: Alan R. Cohen
Subash Lohani
Sunil Manjila
Suriya Natsupakpong
Nathan Brown
M. Cenk Cavusoglu
Publication date: 01-08-2013
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Child's Nervous System / Issue 8/2013
Print ISSN: 0256-7040
Electronic ISSN: 1433-0350
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-013-2139-z

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Virtual reality simulation: basic concepts and use in endoscopic neurosurgery training

Abstract

Introduction

Discussion

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Discussion

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 8/2013

Brain stem tumors in children and adolescents: single institutional experience

Intraoperative pre- and post-craniofacial reconstruction intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in children with craniosynostosis

Somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) is a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutic target in medulloblastoma

Fatal hemorrhagic stroke in a Caucasian girl with moyamoya disease

A new technique to facilitate optimal directions for cranial distractor implantation

A decision analysis tool for the assessment of posterior fossa tumour surgery outcomes in children—the “Liverpool Neurosurgical Complication Causality Assessment Tool”