Top

Published in:

01-02-2015 | Original Article

Urinary bladder mucosal responses to ischemia

Authors: Masataka Sunagawa, Amanda Wolf-Johnston, Masanori Nomiya, Norifumi Sawada, Karl-Erik Andersson, Tadashi Hisamitsu, Lori A. Birder

Published in: World Journal of Urology | Issue 2/2015

Abstract

Purpose

The objectives of this study were to examine the expression of various cellular proteins within the urothelium (UT) and lamina propria (LP) following chronic bladder ischemia in the rat urinary bladder.

Materials and methods

Urinary bladders were removed from adult Sprague–Dawley rats 8 weeks after creation of bladder ischemia and from sham controls. Immunocytochemistry was used to examine distribution of LP-vimentin-immunoreactive (IR) cells and connexins (Cx26; Cx43), and western immunoblotting or ELISA for proteins involved in UT barrier and sensory functions.

Results

Ischemia was associated with a significant increase in LP-vimentin-IR cells and increased expression of the gap junction proteins Cx26 and Cx43 within the bladder UT as compared to sham control. Ischemia also resulted in an increased (p < 0.05) expression level of the junctional marker (ZO-1) and non-significantly increased expressions of the trophic factor nerve growth factor as well as norepinephrine.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal that chronic ischemia alters a number of proteins within the UT and underlying LP. These proteins are involved in barrier function, remodeling, repair as well as intercellular communication. The increased expression of LP-vimentin-IR cells suggests that changes in cell–cell interactions could play a role in ischemia-induced changes in bladder activity.

Ponholzer A, Temmi C, Wehrberger C et al (2006) The association between vascular risk factors and lower urinary tract symptoms in both sexes. Eur Urol 50:581–586PubMedCrossRef

Pinggera GM, Mitterberger M, Pallwein L et al (2008) Alpha-blockers improve chronic ischaemia of the lower urinary tract in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. BJU Int 101:319–324PubMedCrossRef

Gosling JA, Kung LS, Dixon JS et al (2000) Correlation between the structure and function of the rabbit urinary bladder following partial outlet obstruction. J Urol 163:1349–1356PubMedCrossRef

Nomiya M, Yamaguchi O, Andersson KE et al (2012) The effect of atherosclerosis-induced chronic bladder ischemia on bladder function in the rat. Neurourol Urodyn 31:195–200PubMedCrossRef

Azadzoi KM, Tarcan T, Siroky MB et al (1999) Atherosclerosis-induced chronic ischemia causes bladder fibrosis and non-compliance in the rabbit. J Urol 161:1626–1635PubMedCrossRef

Brading A, Pessina F, Esposito L et al (2004) Effects of metabolic stress and ischaemia on the bladder, and the relationship with bladder overactivity. Scand J Urol Nephrol 38(215):84–92CrossRef

Birder LA, Andersson KE (2013) Urothelial signaling. Physiol Rev 93:653–680PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Khanderwal P, Abraham SN, Apodaca G (2009) Cell biology and physiology of the uroepithelium. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 297:F1477–F1501CrossRef

Korosec P, Jezernik K (2000) Early cellular and ultrastructural response of the mouse urinary bladder urothelium to ischemia. Virchows Arch 436:377–383PubMedCrossRef

10.

Nomiya M, Sagawa K, Yazaki J et al (2012) Increased bladder activity is associated with elevated oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines in a rat model of atherosclerosis-induced chronic bladder ischemia. Neurourol Urodyn 31:185–189PubMedCrossRef

11.

Bolt MW, Mohoney PA (1997) High-efficiency blotting of proteins of diverse sizes following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide, gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 247:185–192PubMedCrossRef

12.

Ikeda Y, Fry C, Hayashi F et al (1997) Role of gap junctions in spontaneous activity of the rat bladder. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F1018–F1025CrossRef

13.

McCloskey DK (2013) Bladder interstitial cells: an updated review of current knowledge. Acta Physiol 207:7–15CrossRef

14.

Limas C (1993) Proliferative state of the urothelium with benign and atypical changes. Correlation with transferrin and epidermal growth factor receptors and blood group antigens. J Pathol 171:39–47PubMedCrossRef

15.

Baskin RS, Sutherland AA, Thomson HT et al (1997) Growth factors in bladder wound healing. J Urol 157:2388–2395PubMedCrossRef

16.

Hypolite JA, Longhurst PA, Gong C et al (1993) Metabolic studies on rabbit smooth muscle and mucosa. Mol Cell Biochem 125:35–42PubMedCrossRef

17.

Smalley KS, Brafford P, Haass NK et al (2005) Up-regulated expression of zonula occludens protein-1 in human melanoma associates with N-cadherin and contributes to invasion and adhesion. Am J Pathol 166:1541–1554PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

18.

Barker RJ, Price RL, Gourdie RG (2002) Increased association of ZO01 with connexin 43 during remodeling of cardiac gap junctions. Circ Res 90:317–324PubMedCrossRef

19.

Kim SJ, Park EY, Hwang TK et al (2011) Therapeutic effects of connexin inhibitors on detrusor overactivity induced by bladder outlet obstruction in rats. Urology 78:31–37

20.

Andersson KE, McCloskey K (2013) Lamina propria: the functional center of the bladder? Neurourol Urodyn. Jul 11. doi:10.1002/nau.22465. [Epub ahead of print]

21.

Gevaert T, De Vos R, Everaerts W et al (2011) Characterization of upper lamina propria interstitial cells in bladders from patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity and bladder pain syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 15:2586–2593PubMedCrossRef

22.

Cushing P, Bhalia R, Johnson AM et al (2005) Nerve growth factor increases connexin 43 phosphorylation and gap junctional intercellular communication. J Neurosci Res 82:788–801PubMedCrossRef

23.

Liang CC, Tseng LH, Ko YS et al (2010) Expression of nerve growth factor immunoreactivity and messenger RNA in ischemic urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 29:512–516PubMed

24.

Kuroko Y, Tokunaga N, Yamazaki T et al (2006) Effect of sustained limb ischemia on norepinephrine release from skeletal muscle sympathetic nerve endings. Neurochem Int 49:448–453PubMedCrossRef

Title: Urinary bladder mucosal responses to ischemia
Authors: Masataka Sunagawa
Amanda Wolf-Johnston
Masanori Nomiya
Norifumi Sawada
Karl-Erik Andersson
Tadashi Hisamitsu
Lori A. Birder
Publication date: 01-02-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: World Journal of Urology / Issue 2/2015
Print ISSN: 0724-4983
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8726
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-014-1298-1

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Urinary bladder mucosal responses to ischemia

Abstract

Purpose

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2015

CXCR4 is highly expressed at the tumor front but not in the center of prostate cancers

Metabolic evaluation of urinary lithiasis: what urologists should know and do

Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell you who you are!”

Sky is no limit for ureteroscopy: extending the indications and special circumstances

Diet: from food to stone

Shock wave lithotripsy: The new phoenix?