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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 12/2019

01-12-2019 | Endoscopy | Magnetic Resonance

Hiatal hernias in patients with GERD-like symptoms: evaluation of dynamic real-time MRI vs endoscopy

Authors: Ali Seif Amir Hosseini, Johannes Uhlig, Ulrike Streit, Annemarie Uhlig, Thilo Sprenger, Edris Wedi, Volker Ellenrieder, Michael Ghadimi, Martin Uecker, Dirk Voit, Jens Frahm, Joachim Lotz, Lorenz Biggemann

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 12/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess the diagnostic potential of real-time MRI for assessment of hiatal hernias in patients with GERD-like symptoms compared to endoscopy.

Material and methods

One hundred eight patients with GERD-like symptoms were included in this observational cohort study between 2015 and 2017. Real-time MRI was performed at 3.0 Tesla with temporal resolution of 40 ms, dynamically visualizing the esophageal transport of a pineapple juice bolus, its passage through the gastroesophageal junction, and functional responses during Valsalva maneuver. Hernia detection on MRI and endoscopy was calculated using contingency tables with diagnosis of hernia on either modality as reference.

Results

Of 108 patients, 107 underwent successful MRI without adverse events; 1 examination was aborted to inability to swallow pineapple juice in supine position. No perforation or acute bleeding occurred during endoscopy. Median examination time was 15 min. Eighty-five patients (79.4%) were diagnosed with hiatal hernia on either real-time MRI or endoscopy. Forty-six hernias were visible on both modalities. Seventeen hernias were evident exclusively on MRI, and 22 exclusively on endoscopy. Sixteen of the 63 MRI-detected hernias (25.4%) were detectable only during Valsalva maneuver, which were smaller compared to hernias at rest (median − 13.5 vs − 33.0 mm, p < 0.001). Diagnostic accuracy for hernia detection was comparable for MRI and endoscopy (sensitivity 74% vs 80%, p = 0.4223; specificity 100% vs 100%, p > 0.99).

Conclusion

Real-time MRI is a fast and safe modality for assessment of the gastroesophageal junction, without radiation exposure or administration of gadolinium-based contrast media. Although MRI and endoscopy yield comparable diagnostic accuracy, dynamic MRI sequences are able to visualize hiatal hernias that were occult on static MRI sequences or endoscopy in a relevant number of cases.

Key Points

• Real-time MRI is a safe and fast imaging modality for examination of the gastroesophageal junction, combining anatomical and functional information for enhanced detection of hiatal hernias.
• Real-time MRI and endoscopy yield comparably high diagnostic accuracy: real-time MRI visualizes hiatal hernias that were occult on endoscopy in a relevant number of patients; however, several hiatal hernias detected on endoscopy were occult on real-time MRI.
• There is clinical potential of real-time MR imaging in patients with GERD-like symptoms and equivocal findings on endoscopy or pH-metry, for anatomical visualization in patients planned for surgical intervention, or those with suspected fundoplication failures.
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Metadata
Title
Hiatal hernias in patients with GERD-like symptoms: evaluation of dynamic real-time MRI vs endoscopy
Authors
Ali Seif Amir Hosseini
Johannes Uhlig
Ulrike Streit
Annemarie Uhlig
Thilo Sprenger
Edris Wedi
Volker Ellenrieder
Michael Ghadimi
Martin Uecker
Dirk Voit
Jens Frahm
Joachim Lotz
Lorenz Biggemann
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 12/2019
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06284-8

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