Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Radiology 1/2007

01-01-2007 | Musculoskeletal

Soft-tissue tumors update: MR imaging features according to the WHO classification

Authors: Joan C. Vilanova, Klaus Woertler, José A. Narváez, Joaquim Barceló, Salutario J. Martínez, Miguel Villalón, Josefina Miró

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 1/2007

Login to get access

Abstract

Soft-tissue tumors are a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Hence, classification is often difficult. The most effective management decisions are made when a working group participates in the same diagnostic standard criteria in the evaluation of soft-tissue tumors. The purpose of this pictorial review is to highlight the new and the less well-known features on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of soft-tissue tumors according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification established in 2002. The article depicts the major changes of the WHO classification since it was established in 2002 and the most significant findings on MR imaging, thereby providing an update.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F (2002) Pathology and genetics of tumours of soft tissue and bone. In: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours, IARC Press, Lyon Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F (2002) Pathology and genetics of tumours of soft tissue and bone. In: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours, IARC Press, Lyon
2.
go back to reference Leonhardt J, Schirg E, Schmidt H, Gluer S (2004) Imaging characteristics of childhood lipoblastoma. Fortschr Rontgenstr 176:972–975CrossRef Leonhardt J, Schirg E, Schmidt H, Gluer S (2004) Imaging characteristics of childhood lipoblastoma. Fortschr Rontgenstr 176:972–975CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Murphey MD, Carroll JF, Flemming DJ, Pope TL, Gannon FH, Kransdorf MD (2004) Benign musculoskeletal lipomatous lesions. Radiographics 24:1433–1466PubMedCrossRef Murphey MD, Carroll JF, Flemming DJ, Pope TL, Gannon FH, Kransdorf MD (2004) Benign musculoskeletal lipomatous lesions. Radiographics 24:1433–1466PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Green RA, Cannon SR, Flannagan AM (2004) Chondroid lipoma: correlation of imaging findings and histopathology of an unusual benign lesion. Skeletal Radiol 33:670–673CrossRefPubMed Green RA, Cannon SR, Flannagan AM (2004) Chondroid lipoma: correlation of imaging findings and histopathology of an unusual benign lesion. Skeletal Radiol 33:670–673CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Bancroft LW, Kransdorf MJ, Peterson JJ, Sundaram M, Murphey MD, O’Connor MI (2003) Imaging characteristics of spindle cell lipoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 181:1251–1254PubMed Bancroft LW, Kransdorf MJ, Peterson JJ, Sundaram M, Murphey MD, O’Connor MI (2003) Imaging characteristics of spindle cell lipoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 181:1251–1254PubMed
6.
go back to reference Anderson SE, Schwab C, Stauffer E, Banic A, Steinbach LS (2001) Hibernoma: imaging characteristics of a rare benign soft tissue tumor. Skeletal Radiol 30:590–595CrossRefPubMed Anderson SE, Schwab C, Stauffer E, Banic A, Steinbach LS (2001) Hibernoma: imaging characteristics of a rare benign soft tissue tumor. Skeletal Radiol 30:590–595CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, Murphey MD, Foster WC, Temple HT (2002) Imaging of fatty tumors: distinction of lipoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma. Radiology 224:99–104PubMedCrossRef Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, Murphey MD, Foster WC, Temple HT (2002) Imaging of fatty tumors: distinction of lipoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma. Radiology 224:99–104PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Galant J, Marti-Bonmati L, Saez F, Soler R, Alcala-Santaella R, Navarro M (2003) The value of fat-suppressed T2 or STIR sequences in distinguishing lipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma. Eur Radiol 13:337–343PubMed Galant J, Marti-Bonmati L, Saez F, Soler R, Alcala-Santaella R, Navarro M (2003) The value of fat-suppressed T2 or STIR sequences in distinguishing lipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma. Eur Radiol 13:337–343PubMed
9.
go back to reference Ohguri T, Aoki T, Hisaoka M et al (2003) Differential diagnosis of peripheral lipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma on MR imaging: is comparison of margins and internal characteristics useful? AJR Am J Roentgenol 180:1689–1694PubMed Ohguri T, Aoki T, Hisaoka M et al (2003) Differential diagnosis of peripheral lipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma on MR imaging: is comparison of margins and internal characteristics useful? AJR Am J Roentgenol 180:1689–1694PubMed
10.
go back to reference Sung MS, Kang HS, Suh JS, Lee JH, Park JM, Kim JY, Lee HG (2000) Myxoid liposarcoma: appearance at MR imaging with histologic correlation. Radiographics 20:1007–1019PubMed Sung MS, Kang HS, Suh JS, Lee JH, Park JM, Kim JY, Lee HG (2000) Myxoid liposarcoma: appearance at MR imaging with histologic correlation. Radiographics 20:1007–1019PubMed
11.
go back to reference Wang XL, De Schepper AM, Vanhoenacker F, De Raeve H, Gielen J, Aparisi F, Rausin L, Somville J (2002) Nodular fasciitis: correlation of MRI findings and histopathology. Skeletal Radiol 31:155–1613CrossRefPubMed Wang XL, De Schepper AM, Vanhoenacker F, De Raeve H, Gielen J, Aparisi F, Rausin L, Somville J (2002) Nodular fasciitis: correlation of MRI findings and histopathology. Skeletal Radiol 31:155–1613CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference De Smet AA, Norris MA, Fisher DR (1992) Magnetic resonance imaging of myositis ossificans: analysis of seven cases. Skeletal Radiol 21:503–507PubMed De Smet AA, Norris MA, Fisher DR (1992) Magnetic resonance imaging of myositis ossificans: analysis of seven cases. Skeletal Radiol 21:503–507PubMed
13.
go back to reference Naylor MF, Nascimento AG, Sherrick AD, McLeod RA (1996) Elastofibroma dorsi: radiologic findings in 12 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 167:683–687PubMed Naylor MF, Nascimento AG, Sherrick AD, McLeod RA (1996) Elastofibroma dorsi: radiologic findings in 12 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 167:683–687PubMed
14.
go back to reference Koujok K, Ruiz RE, Hernandez RJ (2005) Myofibromatosis: imaging characteristics. Pediatr Radiol 35:374–380CrossRefPubMed Koujok K, Ruiz RE, Hernandez RJ (2005) Myofibromatosis: imaging characteristics. Pediatr Radiol 35:374–380CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Fox MG, Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, Flemming DJ (2003) MR imaging of fibroma of the tendon sheath. AJR Am J Roentgenol 180:1449–1453PubMed Fox MG, Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, Flemming DJ (2003) MR imaging of fibroma of the tendon sheath. AJR Am J Roentgenol 180:1449–1453PubMed
16.
go back to reference Robbin MR, Murphey MD, Temple T, Kransdorf MJ, Choi JJ (2001) Imaging of musculoskeletal fibromatosis. Radiographics 21:585–600PubMed Robbin MR, Murphey MD, Temple T, Kransdorf MJ, Choi JJ (2001) Imaging of musculoskeletal fibromatosis. Radiographics 21:585–600PubMed
17.
go back to reference Yacoe ME, Bergman AG, Ladd AL, Hellman BH (1993) Dupuytren’s contracture: MR imaging findings and correlation between MR signal intensity and cellularity of lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 160:813–817PubMed Yacoe ME, Bergman AG, Ladd AL, Hellman BH (1993) Dupuytren’s contracture: MR imaging findings and correlation between MR signal intensity and cellularity of lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 160:813–817PubMed
18.
go back to reference Morrison WB, Schweitzer ME, Wapner KL, Lackman RD (1994) Plantar fibromatosis: a benign neoplasm with a characteristic appearance on MR images. Radiology 193:841–845PubMed Morrison WB, Schweitzer ME, Wapner KL, Lackman RD (1994) Plantar fibromatosis: a benign neoplasm with a characteristic appearance on MR images. Radiology 193:841–845PubMed
19.
go back to reference Vandevenne JE, De Schepper AM, De Beuckeleer L, Van Marck E, Aparisi F, Bloem JL, Erkorkmaz Z, Brijs S (1997) New concepts in understanding evolution of desmoid tumors: MR imaging of 30 lesions. Eur Radiol 7:1013–1019CrossRefPubMed Vandevenne JE, De Schepper AM, De Beuckeleer L, Van Marck E, Aparisi F, Bloem JL, Erkorkmaz Z, Brijs S (1997) New concepts in understanding evolution of desmoid tumors: MR imaging of 30 lesions. Eur Radiol 7:1013–1019CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Murphey MD, Fairbairn KJ, Parman LM, Baxter KG, Parsa MB, Smith ES (1995) Musculoskeletal angiomatous lesions: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 15:893–917PubMed Murphey MD, Fairbairn KJ, Parman LM, Baxter KG, Parsa MB, Smith ES (1995) Musculoskeletal angiomatous lesions: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 15:893–917PubMed
21.
go back to reference Waldt S, Rechl H, Rummeny EJ, Woertler K (2003) Imaging of benign and malignant soft tissue masses of the foot. Eur Radiol 13:1125–1136PubMed Waldt S, Rechl H, Rummeny EJ, Woertler K (2003) Imaging of benign and malignant soft tissue masses of the foot. Eur Radiol 13:1125–1136PubMed
22.
go back to reference Dodd LG, Major N, Brigman B (2004) Malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts. Skeletal Radiol 33:295–299CrossRefPubMed Dodd LG, Major N, Brigman B (2004) Malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts. Skeletal Radiol 33:295–299CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Rosenberg AE (2003) Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: past, present, and future. Skeletal Radiol 32:613–619CrossRefPubMed Rosenberg AE (2003) Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: past, present, and future. Skeletal Radiol 32:613–619CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Hwang JW, Ahn JM, Kang HS et al (1998) Vascular leiomyoma of an extremity: MR imaging-pathology correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 171:981–985PubMed Hwang JW, Ahn JM, Kang HS et al (1998) Vascular leiomyoma of an extremity: MR imaging-pathology correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 171:981–985PubMed
25.
go back to reference Kugimoto Y, Asami A, Shigematsu M, Hotokebuchi T (2004) Giant vascular leiomyoma with extensive calcification in the forearm. J Orthop Sci 9:310–313CrossRefPubMed Kugimoto Y, Asami A, Shigematsu M, Hotokebuchi T (2004) Giant vascular leiomyoma with extensive calcification in the forearm. J Orthop Sci 9:310–313CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Misumi S, Irie T, Fukuda K, Tada S, Hosomura Y (2000) A case of deep soft tissue leiomyoma: CT and MRI findings. Radiat Med 18:253–256PubMed Misumi S, Irie T, Fukuda K, Tada S, Hosomura Y (2000) A case of deep soft tissue leiomyoma: CT and MRI findings. Radiat Med 18:253–256PubMed
27.
go back to reference Watson GM, Saifuddin A, Sandison A (1999) Deep soft tissue leiomyoma of the thigh. Skeletal Radiol 28:411–414CrossRefPubMed Watson GM, Saifuddin A, Sandison A (1999) Deep soft tissue leiomyoma of the thigh. Skeletal Radiol 28:411–414CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Miyazaki T, Tamura S, Sugimura H et al (1993) Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. Its MR manifestations. Clin Imaging 17:207–209CrossRefPubMed Miyazaki T, Tamura S, Sugimura H et al (1993) Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. Its MR manifestations. Clin Imaging 17:207–209CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Killoran TP, Wells WA, Barth RJ, Goodwin DW (2003) Leiomyosarcoma of the popliteal vein. Skeletal Radiol 32:174–178PubMedCrossRef Killoran TP, Wells WA, Barth RJ, Goodwin DW (2003) Leiomyosarcoma of the popliteal vein. Skeletal Radiol 32:174–178PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Vilanova JC, Barceló J, Smirniotopoulos JG et al (2004) Hemangioma from head to toe: MR imaging with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 24:367–385PubMedCrossRef Vilanova JC, Barceló J, Smirniotopoulos JG et al (2004) Hemangioma from head to toe: MR imaging with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 24:367–385PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Van Ruyssevelt CE, Vranckx P (2004) Subungual glomus tumor: enphasis on MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 182:263–264PubMed Van Ruyssevelt CE, Vranckx P (2004) Subungual glomus tumor: enphasis on MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 182:263–264PubMed
32.
go back to reference Liang GS, Loevner LA, Kumar P (2000) Laryngeal rhabdomyoma involving the paraglottic space. AJR Am J Roentgenol 174:1285–1287PubMed Liang GS, Loevner LA, Kumar P (2000) Laryngeal rhabdomyoma involving the paraglottic space. AJR Am J Roentgenol 174:1285–1287PubMed
33.
go back to reference McCarville MB, Spunt SL, Pappo AS (2001) Rhabdomyosarcoma in pediatric patients: the good, the bad, and the unusual. AJR Am J Roentgenol 176:1563–1569PubMed McCarville MB, Spunt SL, Pappo AS (2001) Rhabdomyosarcoma in pediatric patients: the good, the bad, and the unusual. AJR Am J Roentgenol 176:1563–1569PubMed
34.
go back to reference Vilanova JC, Barceló J, Villalón M (2004) MR and MR Angiography characterization of soft tissue vascular malformations. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 33:161–170CrossRefPubMed Vilanova JC, Barceló J, Villalón M (2004) MR and MR Angiography characterization of soft tissue vascular malformations. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 33:161–170CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Nakazono T, Kudo S, Matsuo Y (2000) Angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema (Stewart-Treves syndrome) of the leg: MR imaging. Skeletal Radiol 29:413–416CrossRefPubMed Nakazono T, Kudo S, Matsuo Y (2000) Angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema (Stewart-Treves syndrome) of the leg: MR imaging. Skeletal Radiol 29:413–416CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Horcajadas AB, Lafuente JL, de la Cruz Burgos R et al (2003) Ultrasound and MR findings in tumor and tumor-like lesions of the fingers. Eur Radiol 13:672–685PubMed Horcajadas AB, Lafuente JL, de la Cruz Burgos R et al (2003) Ultrasound and MR findings in tumor and tumor-like lesions of the fingers. Eur Radiol 13:672–685PubMed
37.
go back to reference De Schepper AM (ed) (2001) Imaging of soft tissue tumors, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York De Schepper AM (ed) (2001) Imaging of soft tissue tumors, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
38.
go back to reference Murphey MD, Smith WS, Smith SE, Kransdorf MJ, Temple HT (1999) Imaging of musculoskeletal neurogenic tumors: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 19:1253–1280PubMed Murphey MD, Smith WS, Smith SE, Kransdorf MJ, Temple HT (1999) Imaging of musculoskeletal neurogenic tumors: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 19:1253–1280PubMed
39.
go back to reference Bhargava R, Parham DM, Lasater OE et al (1997) MR imaging differentiation of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: use of the target sign. Pediatr Radiol 27:124–129CrossRefPubMed Bhargava R, Parham DM, Lasater OE et al (1997) MR imaging differentiation of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: use of the target sign. Pediatr Radiol 27:124–129CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Luna A, Martínez S, Bossen (2005) Magnetic resonance imaging of intramuscular myxoma with histological comparison and a review of the literature. Skeletal Radiol 34:19–28CrossRefPubMed Luna A, Martínez S, Bossen (2005) Magnetic resonance imaging of intramuscular myxoma with histological comparison and a review of the literature. Skeletal Radiol 34:19–28CrossRefPubMed
41.
42.
go back to reference Schaffler G, Raith J, Ranner G, Weybora W, Jeserschek R (1997) Radiographic appearance of an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts. Skeletal Radiol 26:615–618CrossRefPubMed Schaffler G, Raith J, Ranner G, Weybora W, Jeserschek R (1997) Radiographic appearance of an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts. Skeletal Radiol 26:615–618CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Narvaez JA, Narvaez J, Aguilera C, De Lama E, Portabella F (2001) MR imaging of synovial tumors and tumor-like lesions. Eur Radiol 11:2549–2560CrossRefPubMed Narvaez JA, Narvaez J, Aguilera C, De Lama E, Portabella F (2001) MR imaging of synovial tumors and tumor-like lesions. Eur Radiol 11:2549–2560CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Chao KC, Chen C, Hsieh SC, Fang CL, Lao WT, Chan WP (2005) MRI of epithelioid sarcoma of the thigh. Clin Imaging 29:60–63CrossRefPubMed Chao KC, Chen C, Hsieh SC, Fang CL, Lao WT, Chan WP (2005) MRI of epithelioid sarcoma of the thigh. Clin Imaging 29:60–63CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Suh JS, Cho J, Lee SH et al (2000) Alveolar soft part sarcoma: MR and angiographic findings. Skeletal Radiol 29:680–689CrossRefPubMed Suh JS, Cho J, Lee SH et al (2000) Alveolar soft part sarcoma: MR and angiographic findings. Skeletal Radiol 29:680–689CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Harimaya K, Oda Y, Matsuda S, Tanaka K, Chuman H, Iwamoto Y (2003) Primitive neuroectodermal tumor and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma arising primarily around the spinal column: report of four cases and a review of the literature. Spine 28:E408–E412CrossRefPubMed Harimaya K, Oda Y, Matsuda S, Tanaka K, Chuman H, Iwamoto Y (2003) Primitive neuroectodermal tumor and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma arising primarily around the spinal column: report of four cases and a review of the literature. Spine 28:E408–E412CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Soft-tissue tumors update: MR imaging features according to the WHO classification
Authors
Joan C. Vilanova
Klaus Woertler
José A. Narváez
Joaquim Barceló
Salutario J. Martínez
Miguel Villalón
Josefina Miró
Publication date
01-01-2007
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 1/2007
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-005-0130-0

Other articles of this Issue 1/2007

European Radiology 1/2007 Go to the issue