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01-07-2017 | Review Article

DNA topoisomerase-targeting chemotherapeutics: what’s new?

Authors: Selma M. Cuya, Mary-Ann Bjornsti, Robert C.A.M. van Waardenburg

Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

To resolve the topological problems that threaten the function and structural integrity of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and RNA molecules, human cells encode six different DNA topoisomerases including type IB enzymes (TOP1 and TOP1mt), type IIA enzymes (TOP2α and TOP2β) and type IA enzymes (TOP3α and TOP3β). DNA entanglements and the supercoiling of DNA molecules are regulated by topoisomerases through the introduction of transient enzyme-linked DNA breaks. The covalent topoisomerase–DNA complexes are the cellular targets of a diverse group of cancer chemotherapeutics, which reversibly stabilize these reaction intermediates. Here we review the structure–function and catalytic mechanisms of each family of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerases and the topoisomerase-targeting agents currently approved for patient therapy or in clinical trials, and highlight novel developments and challenges in the clinical development of these agents.

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Title: DNA topoisomerase-targeting chemotherapeutics: what’s new?
Authors: Selma M. Cuya
Mary-Ann Bjornsti
Robert C.A.M. van Waardenburg
Publication date: 01-07-2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0344-5704
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-017-3334-5

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