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Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy
Published in: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 6/2014

01-08-2014 | Review

Horseshoe kidney: a review of anatomy and pathology

Authors: Konstantinos Natsis, Maria Piagkou, Antonia Skotsimara, Vassilis Protogerou, Ioannis Tsitouridis, Panagiotis Skandalakis

Published in: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy | Issue 6/2014

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Abstract

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common renal fusion, which is characterized by three anatomic anomalies: ectopia, malrotation and vascular changes. Patients with HSK are prone to a variety of complications, genitourinary and non-genitourinary. In this paper, the anatomy of HSK is delineated with a great emphasis on its blood supply. After reviewing the literature, the arterial supply patterns found by each author were categorized according to the classification system proposed by Graves. The majority of HSKs were found to be supplied by renal arteries derived from the abdominal aorta below the isthmus or by vessels originating from the common iliac arteries. In addition, the abnormalities associated with HSK are highlighted and classified in anatomical variations, congenital anomalies as well as in pathologic conditions related to HSK.
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Metadata
Title
Horseshoe kidney: a review of anatomy and pathology
Authors
Konstantinos Natsis
Maria Piagkou
Antonia Skotsimara
Vassilis Protogerou
Ioannis Tsitouridis
Panagiotis Skandalakis
Publication date
01-08-2014
Publisher
Springer Paris
Published in
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy / Issue 6/2014
Print ISSN: 0930-1038
Electronic ISSN: 1279-8517
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-013-1229-7

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